Tin(IV) chloride
- Formula: Cl4Sn
- Molecular weight: 260.522
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J
- CAS Registry Number: 7646-78-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Stannic chloride; SnCl4; Stannane, tetrachloro-; Etain (tetrachlorure d'); Libavius Fuming spirit; Stagno (tetracloruro di); Stannic chloride, anhydrous; Stannic tetrachloride; Tetrachlorostannane; Tetrachlorotin; Tin chloride (SnCl4); Tin chloride, fuming; Tin perchloride; Tin tetrachloride; Tin tetrachloride, anhydrous; Tin(iv) chloride (1:4); Tin(IV) tetrachloride; Tin chloride; UN 1827; Zinntetrachlorid; Anhydrous tin tetrachloride; Fascat 4400; Libavius' fuming spirit; Tin (IV) chloride anhydrous; NSC 209802
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
250.5 to 386. | 4.18162 | 1384.537 | -54.377 | Stull, 1947 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
B - John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: 3C4H12Sn (l) + Cl4Sn (l) = 4C3H9ClSn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -184. ± 28. | kJ/mol | RSC | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977 and Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; MS |
By formula: C4H12Sn (l) + 3Cl4Sn (l) = 4CH3Cl3Sn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -186. ± 28. | kJ/mol | RSC | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977 and Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; MS |
By formula: C4H12Sn (l) + Cl4Sn (l) = 2C2H6Cl2Sn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -97. ± 15. | kJ/mol | RSC | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977 and Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; MS |
(l) +
(l) = C2H5Cl3Sn (l) +
(l)
By formula: C8H20Sn (l) + Cl4Sn (l) = C2H5Cl3Sn (l) + C6H15ClSn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -94.6 ± 4.6 | kJ/mol | RSC and EST | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | MS |
+
= Cl5Sn-
By formula: Cl- + Cl4Sn = Cl5Sn-
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 235. ± 7.9 | kJ/mol | CIDT | Hao, Kaspar, et al., 2005 | gas phase; B |
By formula: 3C8H20Sn (l) + Cl4Sn (l) = 4C6H15ClSn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -189.5 ± 9.2 | kJ/mol | RSC and EST | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | MS |
3 (l) +
(l) = 4C6H9ClSn (l)
By formula: 3C8H12Sn (l) + Cl4Sn (l) = 4C6H9ClSn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -111. ± 13. | kJ/mol | RSC | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | MS |
(l) + 3
(l) = 4C2H3Cl3Sn (l)
By formula: C8H12Sn (l) + 3Cl4Sn (l) = 4C2H3Cl3Sn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -103. ± 13. | kJ/mol | RSC | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | MS |
(l) +
(l) = 2C4H6Cl2Sn (l)
By formula: C8H12Sn (l) + Cl4Sn (l) = 2C4H6Cl2Sn (l)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -92. ± 13. | kJ/mol | RSC | Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965 | MS |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 11.7 ± 0.2 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Electron affinity determinations
EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
2.500 ± 0.050 | LPES | Wang, Chi, et al., 2010 | Reverse Coulombic barrier estimated as 1.4±0.1 eV; B |
2.40 ± 0.10 | LPES | Ioffe, Avdoshenko, et al., 2005 | Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.6±0.1 eV; B |
2.20 ± 0.20 | NBIE | Lacmann, Maneira, et al., 1983 | B |
2.49 ± 0.15 | NBIE | Mathur, Rothe, et al., 1979 | B |
2.91329 | N/A | Check, Faust, et al., 2001 | NiF3-; ; ΔS(EA)=2.6; B |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
11.5 | PE | Bancroft, Pellach, et al., 1982 | LBLHLM |
11.88 ± 0.05 | PE | Bassett and Lloyd, 1971 | LLK |
11.5 ± 0.4 | EI | Buchanan, Knowles, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SnCl+ | 12.5 ± 1.0 | ? | EI | Buchanan, Knowles, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
SnCl2+ | 13.6 ± 1.0 | ? | EI | Buchanan, Knowles, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
SnCl3+ | 12.2 ± 0.4 | Cl | EI | Buchanan, Knowles, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
Sn+ | 22.2 ± 1.0 | ? | EI | Buchanan, Knowles, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | A.A.Kutin, Moscow, Russia |
NIST MS number | 258387 |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R.,
Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022
. [all data]
Nash, Skinner, et al., 1965
Nash, G.A.; Skinner, H.A.; Stack, W.F.,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 640. [all data]
Pedley and Rylance, 1977
Pedley, J.B.; Rylance, J.,
Computer Analysed Thermochemical Data: Organic and Organometallic Compounds, University of Sussex, Brigton, 1977. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds
in Academic Press, New York, 1970. [all data]
Hao, Kaspar, et al., 2005
Hao, C.T.; Kaspar, J.D.; Check, C.E.; Lobring, K.C.; Gilbert, T.M.; Sunderlin, L.S.,
Effect of substituents on the strength of A-Cl- (A = Si, Ge, and Sn) bonds in hypervalent systems: ACl(5)(-), ACl(4)F(-), and A(CH3)(3)Cl-2(-),
J. Phys. Chem. A, 2005, 109, 9, 2026-2034, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp040743x
. [all data]
Wang, Chi, et al., 2010
Wang, X.B.; Chi, C.X.; Zhou, M.F.; Kuvychko, I.V.; Seppelt, K.; Popov, A.A.; Strauss, S.H.; Boltalina, O.V.; Wang, L.S.,
Photoelectron Spectroscopy of C60Fn- and C60Fm2- (n=17, 33, 35, 43, 45, 47; m=34, 46) in the Gas Phase and the Generation and Characterization of C-1-C60F47- and D-2-C60F44 in Solution,
J. Phys. Chem. A, 2010, 114, 4, 1756-1765, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9097364
. [all data]
Ioffe, Avdoshenko, et al., 2005
Ioffe, I.N.; Avdoshenko, S.M.; Boltalina, O.V.; Sidorov, L.N.; Berndt, K.; Weber, J.M.,
Mass spectrometry, photoelectron spectroscopy, and quantum chemical studies of fluorofullerene dianions,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2005, 243, 3, 223-230, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2005.03.005
. [all data]
Lacmann, Maneira, et al., 1983
Lacmann, K.; Maneira, M.J.P.; Moutinho, A.M.C.; Weigman, U.,
Total and Double Differential Cross Sections of Ion- Pair Formations in Collisions of K Atoms with SnCl4 and CCl4,
J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 78, 1767. [all data]
Mathur, Rothe, et al., 1979
Mathur, E.P.; Rothe, E.W.; Reck, G.P.,
Negative ions from the reactions of alkalis with SnCl4, GeCl4, and TiCl4,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1979, 31, 77. [all data]
Check, Faust, et al., 2001
Check, C.E.; Faust, T.O.; Bailey, J.M.; Wright, B.J.; Gilbert, T.M.; Sunderlin, L.S.,
Addition of Polarization and Diffuse Functions to the LANL2DZ Basis Set for P-Block Elements,
J. Phys. Chem. A,, 2001, 105, 34, 8111, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp011945l
. [all data]
Bancroft, Pellach, et al., 1982
Bancroft, G.M.; Pellach, E.; Tse, J.S.,
High resolution HeI and HeII photoelectron spectra of TiCl4, SnCl4, and (CH3)4Sn,
Inorg. Chem., 1982, 21, 2950. [all data]
Bassett and Lloyd, 1971
Bassett, P.J.; Lloyd, D.R.,
Photoelectron spectra of halides. Part I. Tetrafluorides and tetrachlorides of group IVB,
J. Chem. Soc., 1971, (A), 641. [all data]
Buchanan, Knowles, et al., 1969
Buchanan, A.S.; Knowles, D.J.; Swingler, D.L.,
Electron impact studies of stannous chloride and stannic chloride,
J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 4394. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy EA Electron affinity IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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