1-Propanol, 2,2-dimethyl-
- Formula: C5H12O
- Molecular weight: 88.1482
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-84-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file - Other names: tert-Butylcarbinol; Neoamyl alcohol; Neopentanol; Neopentyl alcohol; 2,2-Dimethyl-1-propanol; (CH3)3CCH2OH; 2,2-Dimethylpropyl alcohol; tert-Amyl alcohol; 2,2-Dimethylpropanol; 2-Methyl-isobutanol; 2,2,2-Trimethylethanol
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 385. ± 3. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 26 out of 27 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 327. | K | N/A | Rai, Singh, et al., 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Tfus | 325.7 | K | N/A | Murrill and Breed, 1970 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 3. K; TRC |
Tfus | 324.45 | K | N/A | McKenna, Tartar, et al., 1953 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC |
Tfus | 323.15 | K | N/A | Whitmore, 1938 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 51.8 ± 0.3 | kJ/mol | GS,B | Kulikov, Verevkin, et al., 2001 | Based on data from 274. to 312. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
47.5 | 345. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 330. to 387. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
2.9 | 328.2 | AC | Straka, van Genderen, et al., 2007 | Based on data from 10. to 370. K.; AC |
3.87 | 329.8 | N/A | Censký, Ruzicka, et al., 2003 | AC |
3.73 | 329.8 | N/A | Salud, López, et al., 1999 | AC |
3.5 | 328.1 | DSC | Granzow, 1996 | AC |
4.06 | 325. | N/A | Murrill and Breed, 1970, 2 | AC |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
13.43 | 146. | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | CAL |
0.79 | 213. | ||
16.88 | 264. |
Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
4.463 | 242. | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Murrill and Breed, 1970, 2 | DH |
4.057 | 325. | crystaline, I | liquid | Murrill and Breed, 1970, 2 | DH |
Entropy of phase transition
ΔStrs (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
18.4 | 242. | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Murrill and Breed, 1970, 2 | DH |
12.5 | 325. | crystaline, I | liquid | Murrill and Breed, 1970, 2 | DH |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
View reactions leading to C5H12O+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proton affinity (review) | 795.5 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 765.2 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
9.72 ± 0.05 | EI | Bissonnette, George, et al., 1990 | LL |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C4H8+ | 10.2 ± 0.1 | CH3OH | EI | Bissonnette, George, et al., 1990 | LL |
De-protonation reactions
C5H11O- + =
By formula: C5H11O- + H+ = C5H12O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1559. ± 8.8 | kJ/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
ΔrH° | 1561. ± 9.6 | kJ/mol | D-EA | Janousek, Zimmerman, et al., 1978 | gas phase; B |
ΔrH° | 1559. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | CIDC | Haas and Harrison, 1993 | gas phase; Both metastable and 50 eV collision energy.; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1531. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
ΔrG° | 1533. ± 10. | kJ/mol | H-TS | Janousek, Zimmerman, et al., 1978 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 1532. ± 8.8 | kJ/mol | H-TS | Haas and Harrison, 1993 | gas phase; Both metastable and 50 eV collision energy.; B |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
By formula: C5H11O- + C5H12O = (C5H11O- • C5H12O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 121. ± 12. | kJ/mol | N/A | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; Reanchored to average data from Paul and Kebarle, 1990 and Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 83.3 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; Reanchored to average data from Paul and Kebarle, 1990 and Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
By formula: C6H13O- + C5H12O = (C6H13O- • C5H12O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 119. ± 12. | kJ/mol | N/A | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; Reanchored to average data from Paul and Kebarle, 1990 and Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 82.4 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; Reanchored to average data from Paul and Kebarle, 1990 and Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
By formula: C6H13O- + C5H12O = (C6H13O- • C5H12O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 119. | kJ/mol | ICR | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction(CH3O-)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; re-evaluated using Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986 and Paul and Kebarle, 1990; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 123. | J/mol*K | N/A | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction(CH3O-)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; re-evaluated using Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986 and Paul and Kebarle, 1990; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 82.8 | kJ/mol | ICR | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction(CH3O-)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; re-evaluated using Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986 and Paul and Kebarle, 1990; M |
By formula: C8H5- + C5H12O = (C8H5- • C5H12O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 101. ± 12. | kJ/mol | N/A | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; Reanchored to average data from Paul and Kebarle, 1990 and Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 123. | J/mol*K | N/A | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction(CH3O-)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; re-evaluated using Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986 and Paul and Kebarle, 1990; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 64.9 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984 | gas phase; Reanchored to average data from Paul and Kebarle, 1990 and Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B,M |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
Condensed Phase Spectrum
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Notice: Except where noted, spectra from this collection were measured on dispersive instruments, often in carefully selected solvents, and hence may differ in detail from measurements on FTIR instruments or in other chemical environments. More information on the manner in which spectra in this collection were collected can be found here.
Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.
Additional Data
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Owner | COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 by COBLENTZ SOCIETY INC. Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY |
Source reference | COBLENTZ NO. 7960 |
Date | 1964/04/03 |
Name(s) | Neopentyl alcohol |
State | SOLUTION (10% CCl4 FOR 3800-1340, 10% CS2 FOR 1340-450 CM-1) |
Instrument | DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING |
Instrument parameters | BLAZED AT 3.5, 12.0, 20.0 MICRON AND CHANGED AT 5.0, 7.5, 14.9 MICRON |
Path length | 0.011 CM, 0.011 CM SPECTRAL CONTAMINATION DUE TO CS2 AROUND 850 AND CCl4 AROUND 1550 CM-1 HAVE BEEN SUBTRACTED |
Resolution | 2 |
Sampling procedure | TRANSMISSION |
Data processing | DIGITIZED BY COBLENTZ SOCIETY (BATCH I) FROM HARD COPY |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Apiezon L | 120. | 633. | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Celite 545 |
Packed | Apiezon L | 160. | 638. | Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978 | Celite 545 |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 631. | Anker, Jurs, et al., 1990 | 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 657. | Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Rai, Singh, et al., 1987
Rai, U.S.; Singh, O.P.; Singh, N.B.,
Solidification behavior of organic eutectic, succinonitrile-neopenty alcohol system,
J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol., 1987, 84, 483. [all data]
Murrill and Breed, 1970
Murrill, E.; Breed, L.W.,
Solid-solid phase transitions determined by differential scanning calorime- try. Part I. Tetrahedral Substances.,
Thermochim. Acta, 1970, 1, 239. [all data]
McKenna, Tartar, et al., 1953
McKenna, F.E.; Tartar, H.V.; Lingafelter, E.C.,
Studies of hemiacetal formation in alcohol - aldehyde systems: II refraction studies,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 604-7. [all data]
Whitmore, 1938
Whitmore, F.C.,
The Reducing Action of Grignard Reagents on Acyl Chlorides,
Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 1938, 57, 562. [all data]
Kulikov, Verevkin, et al., 2001
Kulikov, Dmitry; Verevkin, Sergey P.; Heintz, Andreas,
Determination of Vapor Pressures and Vaporization Enthalpies of the Aliphatic Branched C 5 and C 6 Alcohols,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2001, 46, 6, 1593-1600, https://doi.org/10.1021/je010187p
. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Straka, van Genderen, et al., 2007
Straka, Martin; van Genderen, Aad; Ruzicka, Kvetoslav; Ruzicka, Vlastimil,
Heat Capacities in the Solid and in the Liquid Phase of Isomeric Pentanols,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2007, 52, 3, 794-802, https://doi.org/10.1021/je060411g
. [all data]
Censký, Ruzicka, et al., 2003
Censký, Miroslav; Ruzicka, Kvetoslav; Ruzicka, Vlastimil; Zábranský, Milan,
Heat capacities of alkanols,
Thermochimica Acta, 2003, 408, 1-2, 45-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(03)00317-4
. [all data]
Salud, López, et al., 1999
Salud, Josep; López, David O.; Barrio, Maria; Tamarit, Josep Ll.,
Two-component systems of isomorphous orientationally disordered crystals. Part 1 Packing of the mixed crystals,
J. Mater. Chem., 1999, 9, 4, 909-916, https://doi.org/10.1039/a808258h
. [all data]
Granzow, 1996
Granzow, Bettina,
Hydrogen bonding and phase transitions of a group of alcohols derived from 2,2-dimethylpropane,
Journal of Molecular Structure, 1996, 381, 1-3, 127-131, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2860(96)09232-0
. [all data]
Murrill and Breed, 1970, 2
Murrill, E.; Breed, L.,
Solid-solid phase transitions determined by differential scanning calorimetry,
Thermochim. Acta, 1970, 1, 239-246. [all data]
Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.; Barmore, M.,
Thermal Data on Organic Compounds. XI. The Heat Capacities, Entropies and Free Energies of Ten Compounds Containing Oxygen or Nitrogen,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1933, 55, 7, 2733, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01334a016
. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Bissonnette, George, et al., 1990
Bissonnette, M.; George, M.; Holmes, J.L.,
The experimental investigation of [C5H12O] ion structures related to neopentyl alcohol and its methyl ether,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1990, 101, 309. [all data]
Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr.,
The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]
Janousek, Zimmerman, et al., 1978
Janousek, B.K.; Zimmerman, A.H.; Reed, K.J.; Brauman, J.I.,
Electron detachment from aliphatic molecular anions. Gas phase electron affinites of methoxyl, tert-butoxyl, and neopentoxyl radicals,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 6142. [all data]
Haas and Harrison, 1993
Haas, M.J.; Harrison, A.G.,
The Fragmentation of Proton-Bound Cluster Ions and the Gas-Phase Acidities of Alcohols,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1993, 124, 2, 115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(93)80003-W
. [all data]
Caldwell, Rozeboom, et al., 1984
Caldwell, G.; Rozeboom, M.D.; Kiplinger, J.P.; Bartmess, J.E.,
Anion-alcohol hydrogen bond strengths in the gas phase,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 4660. [all data]
Paul and Kebarle, 1990
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P.,
Thermodynamics of the Association Reactions OH- - H2O = HOHOH- and CH3O- - CH3OH = CH3OHOCH3- in the Gas Phase,
J. Phys. Chem., 1990, 94, 12, 5184, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100375a076
. [all data]
Meot-ner and Sieck, 1986
Meot-ner, M.; Sieck, L.W.,
Relative acidities of water and methanol, and the stabilities of the dimer adducts,
J. Phys. Chem., 1986, 90, 6687. [all data]
Meot-Ner(Mautner), 1986
Meot-Ner(Mautner), M.,
Comparative Stabilities of Cationic and Anionic Hydrogen-Bonded Networks. Mixed Clusters of Water-Methanol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 20, 6189, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00280a014
. [all data]
Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978
Bogoslovsky, Yu.N.; Anvaer, B.I.; Vigdergauz, M.S.,
Chromatographic constants in gas chromatography (in Russian), Standards Publ. House, Moscow, 1978, 192. [all data]
Anker, Jurs, et al., 1990
Anker, L.S.; Jurs, P.C.; Edwards, P.A.,
Quantitative structure-retention relationship studies of odor-active aliphatic compounds with oxygen-containing functional groups,
Anal. Chem., 1990, 62, 24, 2676-2684, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00223a006
. [all data]
Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003
Junkes, B.S.; Castanho, R.D.M.; Amboni, C.; Yunes, R.A.; Heinzen, V.E.F.,
Semiempirical Topological Index: A Novel Molecular Descriptor for Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Studies,
Internet Electronic Journal of Molecular Design, 2003, 2, 1, 33-49. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔHtrs Enthalpy of phase transition ΔStrs Entropy of phase transition ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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