Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-
- Formula: C2H4Cl2
- Molecular weight: 98.959
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 75-34-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Ethylidene chloride; Ethylidene dichloride; 1,1-Dichloroethane; CH3CHCl2; Dichloromethylmethane; Aethylidenchlorid; Chlorure d'ethylidene; Cloruro di etilidene; 1,1-Dichloorethaan; 1,1-Dichloraethan; 1,1-Dichlorethane; 1,1-Dicloroetano; NCI-C04535; Rcra waste number U076; UN 2362; Assymmetrical Dichloroethane
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Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: 2H2 + C2H4Cl2 = C2H6 + 2HCl
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -140.8 ± 1.0 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Lacher, Amador, et al., 1967 | gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -145.0 ± 0.50 kJ/mol; At 250C |
By formula: C2H4Cl2 = C2H3Cl + HCl
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 74.5 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | liquid phase |
ΔrH° | 61.9 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979 | gas phase |
By formula: 2C2H4BrCl = C2H4Br2 + C2H4Cl2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 7.9 ± 0.4 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Busheva, Levanova, et al., 1980 | gas phase; Dehydrohalogenation |
By formula: C2H4Cl2 = C2H4Cl2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -9.6 ± 1.4 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Rozhnov, 1968 | gas phase; Heat of isomerization at 385 K |
By formula: C2H3Cl + HCl = C2H4Cl2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -92.68 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Levanova, Treger, et al., 1976 | gas phase |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 11.04 ± 0.02 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
11.02 | PE | Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979 | LLK |
11.06 | PI | Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979 | LLK |
11.23 ± 0.02 | PE | Katsumata and Kimura, 1975 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C2H4Cl+ | 11.20 | ? | PI | Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979 | LLK |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-1 | 0. | 592.2 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 10. | 593.3 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 20. | 601.6 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 30. | 598.9 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 40. | 594.2 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 50. | 590.6 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 585.9 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 560. | Dewulf, Van Langenhove, et al., 1997 | 30. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, He |
Capillary | OV-1 | 50. | 564. | Villalobos, 1995 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.96 μm |
Packed | OV-1 | 100. | 568. | Castello and Gerbino, 1988 | He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | OV-1 | 125. | 570. | Castello and Gerbino, 1988 | He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | OV-1 | 75. | 566. | Castello and Gerbino, 1988 | He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 50. | 901. | Villalobos, 1995 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.54 μm, He |
Packed | SP-1000 | 100. | 900.52 | Castello and Gerbino, 1988 | He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | SP-1000 | 125. | 901.48 | Castello and Gerbino, 1988 | He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | SP-1000 | 75. | 886.92 | Castello and Gerbino, 1988 | He, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 553. | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Packed | OV-101 | 600.0 | Zilka and Matucha, 1978 | Ar, Supelcoport, 8. K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 40. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | SE-54 | 541. | Huang, Liang, et al., 1996 | 36. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 240. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 568. | Zenkevich, 2003 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 568. | Zenkevich, 2001 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 559. | Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 579. | Sorimachi, Tanabe, et al., 1995 | He; Column length: 30. m; Program: not specified |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 559. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C |
Capillary | SPB-1 | 563. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-1 | 563. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 881. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Lacher, Amador, et al., 1967
Lacher, J.R.; Amador, A.; Park, J.D.,
Reaction heats of organic compounds. Part 5.-Heats of hydrogenation of dichloromethane, 1,1- and 1,2-dichloroethane and 1,2-dichloropropane,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1967, 63, 1608-1611. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Levanova, Bushneva, et al., 1979
Levanova, s.V.; Bushneva, I.I.; Rodova, R.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Treger, Yu.A.; Aprelkin, A.S.,
Thermodynamic stability of chloroethanes in dehydrochlorination reactions,
J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1979, 52, 1439-1442. [all data]
Busheva, Levanova, et al., 1980
Busheva, L.I.; Levanova, S.V.; Rodova, R.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Thermocatalytic reactions of 1,1-bromochloroethane,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1980, 54, 1403-1404. [all data]
Rozhnov, 1968
Rozhnov, A.M.,
Equilibrium of dichloroethane isomerization,
Neftekhimiya, 1968, 8, 431-434. [all data]
Levanova, Treger, et al., 1976
Levanova, S.V.; Treger, Yu.A.; Velichko, S.M.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Equilibria in the reactions of vinyl chloride,
Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1976, 50, 1148. [all data]
Berman, Anicich, et al., 1979
Berman, D.W.; Anicich, V.; Beauchamp, J.L.,
Stabilities of isomeric halonium ions C2H4X+ (X = Cl, Br) by photoionization mass spectrometry iand on cyclotron resonance spectroscopy. General considerations of the relative stabilities of cyclic and acyclic isomeric onium ions,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 1239. [all data]
Katsumata and Kimura, 1975
Katsumata, S.; Kimura, K.,
Photoelectron spectra and sum rule consideration. Effect of chlorine substitution on ionization energies for chloroethanes, chloroacetaldehydes and chloroacetyl chlorides,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1975, 6, 309. [all data]
Wang, Liu, et al., 2005
Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W.,
Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures,
Microchem. J., 2005, 81, 2, 184-190, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2005.02.003
. [all data]
Dewulf, Van Langenhove, et al., 1997
Dewulf, J.; Van Langenhove, H.; Everaert, M.,
Solid-phase microextraction of volatile organic compounds estimation of the sorption equilibrium from the Kováts index, effect of salinity and humic acids and the study of the kinetics by the development of an agitated/static layer model,
J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 761, 1-2, 205-217, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(96)00810-2
. [all data]
Villalobos, 1995
Villalobos, R.,
A window diagram for key component analysis in on-line gas chromatography,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1995, 18, 6, 343-347, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240180604
. [all data]
Castello and Gerbino, 1988
Castello, G.; Gerbino, T.C.,
Effect of Temperature on the Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Polar and Non-Polar Stationary Phases,
J. Chromatogr., 1988, 437, 33-45, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)90369-8
. [all data]
White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S.,
Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1992, 15, 2, 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150211
. [all data]
Zilka and Matucha, 1978
Zilka, L.; Matucha, M.,
Gas chromatographic analysis of chlorinated ethanes,
J. Chromatogr., 1978, 148, 1, 229-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99342-7
. [all data]
Huang, Liang, et al., 1996
Huang, C.; Liang, H.; Han, S.,
The analysis of organic compounds in waste water by gas extraction/thermal desorption/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,
Chin. J. Chromatogr., 1996, 14, 6, 421-424. [all data]
Zenkevich, 2003
Zenkevich, I.G.,
Criteria for Evaluation of Elution Order of Isomeric Organic Compounds,
Zh. Phys. Khim. (Rus.), 2003, 77, 1, 92-98. [all data]
Zenkevich, 2001
Zenkevich, I.G.,
Interpretation of Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices in estimation of Structures of Isomeric Products of Radical Chlorinating of Alkyl Arenes,
Zh. Org. Khim., 2001, 37, 2, 283-293. [all data]
Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D.,
Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technicalseries1997-01-011.pdf. [all data]
Sorimachi, Tanabe, et al., 1995
Sorimachi, J.; Tanabe, A.; Mitobe, H.; Kuniaki, K.; Masaaki, S.,
Programmed temperature retention indices for volatile organic compounds on headspace GC/MS analysis,
Niigata-ken Eisei Kogai Kenkyusho Nenpo, 1995, 11, 75-79. [all data]
Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992
Strete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J.,
Detection and identification of volatile substances by headspace capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning,
Analyst, 1992, 117, 7, 1111-1127, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9921701111
. [all data]
Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982
Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J.,
Detection and Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood by Headspace Gas Chromatography as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Solvent Abuse,
J. Chromatogr., 1982, 240, 2, 423-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99622-5
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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