Isobutane

• Formula: C₄H₁₀
• Molecular weight: 58.1222
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10/c1-4(2)3/h4H,1-3H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 75-28-5
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Propane, 2-methyl-; Trimethylmethane; 1,1-Dimethylethane; 2-Methylpropane; iso-C4H10; i-Butane; UN 1969; R 600a; tert-Butane; A 31; Methylpropane; A 31 (hydrocarbon)
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
  • Fluid Properties
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Microwave spectra (on physics lab web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Enthalpy of vaporization

Entropy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Pittam and Pilcher, 1972
Pittam, D.A.; Pilcher, G., Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry. Part 8.-Methane, ethane, propane, n-butane and 2-methylpropane, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1972, 68, 2224-2229. [all data]

Prosen, Maron, et al., 1951
Prosen, E.J.; Maron, F.W.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of combustion, formation, and insomerization of ten C₄ hydrocarbons, J. Res. NBS, 1951, 46, 106-112. [all data]

Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D., Heats of formation and combustion of 1,3-butadiene and styrene, J. Res. NBS, 1945, 34, 59-63. [all data]

Rossini, 1935
Rossini, F.D., Heat of combustion of isobutane, J. Res. NBS, 1935, 15, 357-361. [all data]

Chen S.S., 1975
Chen S.S., Ideal gas thermodynamic properties and isomerization of n-butane and isobutane, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1975, 4, 859-869. [all data]

Pitzer K.S., 1946
Pitzer K.S., The entropies and related properties of branched paraffin hydrocarbons, Chem. Rev., 1946, 39, 435-447. [all data]

Ernst G., 1970
Ernst G., Ideal and real gas state heat capacities Cp of C3H8, i-C4H10, C2F5Cl, CH2ClCF3, CF2ClCFCl2, and CHF2Cl, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1970, 2, 787-791. [all data]

Sage B.H., 1937
Sage B.H., Phase equilibria in hydrocarbon systems. XX. Isobaric heat capacity of gaseous propane, n-butane, isobutane, and n-pentane, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1937, 29, 1309-1314. [all data]

Sage B.H., 1938
Sage B.H., Phase equilibrium in hydrocarbon systems. Thermodynamic properties of isobutane, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1938, 30, 673-681. [all data]

Dailey B.P., 1943
Dailey B.P., Heat capacities and hindered rotation in n-butane and isobutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1943, 65, 44-46. [all data]

Wacker P.F., 1947
Wacker P.F., Heat capacities of gaseous oxygen, isobutane, and 1-butene from -30 to +90 C, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand., 1947, 38, 651-659. [all data]

Younglove and Ely, 1987
Younglove, B.A.; Ely, J.F., Thermophysical Properties of Fluids II. Methane, Ethane, Propane, Isobutane, and Normal Butane, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16, 577. [all data]

Goodwin and Haynes, 1982
Goodwin, R.D.; Haynes, W.M., Thermophysical Properties of Propane from 85 to 700 K at Pressures to 70 MPa, NBS Monogr. (U. S.) No. 170, 249 pp., 1982. [all data]

Aston, Kennedy, et al., 1940
Aston, J.G.; Kennedy, R.M.; Schumann, S.C., The Heat Capacity and Entropy of Fusion and Vaporization and the Vapor Pressure of Isobutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 2059. [all data]

Parks, Shomate, et al., 1937
Parks, G.S.; Shomate, C.H.; Kennedy, W.D.; Crawford, B.L., The entropies of n-butane and isobutane with some heat capacity data for isobutane, J. Chem. Phys., 1937, 5, 359-63. [all data]

Daubert, 1996
Daubert, T.E., Vapor-Liquid Critical Properties of Elements and Compounds. 5. Branched Alkanes and Cycloalkanes, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1996, 41, 365-372. [all data]

Levelt Sengers, Kamgar-Parsi, et al., 1983
Levelt Sengers, J.M.H.; Kamgar-Parsi, B.; Sengers, J.V., Thermodnamic Properties of Isobutane in the Critical Region, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1983, 28, 354-362. [all data]

Waxman and Gallagher, 1983
Waxman, M.; Gallagher, J.S., Thermodynamic Properties of Isobutane for Temperatures from 250 to 600 K and Pressures from 0.1 to 40 MPa, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1983, 28, 224. [all data]

Beattie, Edwards, et al., 1949
Beattie, J.A.; Edwards, D.G.; Marple, S., The Vapor Pressure, Orthobaric Liquid Density, and Critical Constants of Isobutane, J. Chem. Phys., 1949, 17, 576. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Aston, Kennedy, et al., 1940, 2
Aston, J.G.; Kennedy, R.M.; Schumann, S.C., The heat capacity and entropy, heats of fusion and vaporization and the vapor pressure of isobutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 2059-2063. [all data]

Lim, Park, et al., 1999
Lim, Jong Sung; Park, Ji-Young; Lee, Byung-Gwon; Lee, Youn-Woo; Kim, Jae-Duck, Phase Equilibria of CFC Alternative Refrigerant Mixtures: Binary Systems of Isobutane + 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, + 1,1-Difluoroethane, and + Difluoromethane, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1999, 44, 6, 1226-1230, https://doi.org/10.1021/je9900777 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Steele, Poling, et al., 1976
Steele, Kevin; Poling, Bruce E.; Manley, David B., Vapor pressures for the system 1-butene, isobutane, and 1,3-butadiene, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1976, 21, 4, 399-403, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60071a006 . [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Aston, Kennedy, et al., 1940, 3
Aston, J.G.; Kennedy, R.M.; Schumann, S.C., The heat capacity and entropy, heats of fusion and vaporization and the vapor pressure of isobutane, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 2059-20. [all data]

Das, Reed, et al., 1973
Das, T.R.; Reed, C.O., Jr.; Eubank, P.T., PVT Surface and Thermodynamic Properties of Isobutane, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1973, 18, 3, 253-262, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60058a001 . [all data]

Perkins and Magee, 2009
Perkins, Richard A.; Magee, Joseph W., Molar Heat Capacity at Constant Volume for Isobutane at Temperatures from (114 to 345) K and at Pressures to 35 MPa ^«8224» ^«8225», J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2009, 54, 9, 2646-2655, https://doi.org/10.1021/je9001575 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Parks, Shomate, et al., 1937, 2
Parks, G.S.; Shomate, C.H.; Kennedy, W.D.; Crawford, B.L., Jr., The entropies of n-butane and isobutane, with some heat capacity data for isobutane, J. Chem. Phys., 1937, 5, 359-363. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Cp,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
  Pc	Critical pressure
  Ptriple	Triple point pressure
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  Vc	Critical volume
  ΔcH°gas	Enthalpy of combustion of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ΔvapS	Entropy of vaporization
  ρc	Critical density

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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