Acetonitrile

Formula: C₂H₃N
Molecular weight: 41.0519
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C2H3N/c1-2-3/h1H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 75-05-8
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Cyanomethane; Ethanenitrile; Ethyl nitrile; Methane, cyano-; Methanecarbonitrile; Methyl cyanide; CH3CN; Acetonitril; Cyanure de methyl; USAF EK-488; Methylkyanid; NA 1648; NCI-C60822; Rcra waste number U003; UN 1648; Ethanonitrile
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Gas phase thermochemistry data
- Condensed phase thermochemistry data
- Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 100, reactions 101 to 150, reactions 151 to 188
- Henry's Law data
- Ion clustering data
- IR Spectrum
- Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
- UV/Visible spectrum
- Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
- Gas Chromatography
Data at other public NIST sites:
- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
- X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
Options:
- Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	354.8 ± 0.4	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 46 out of 51 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	228. ± 1.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 14 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	229.32	K	N/A	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965	Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_c	545. ± 2.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_c	48.1 ± 0.9	atm	AVG	N/A	Average of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	7.98	kcal/mol	N/A	Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Δ_vapH°	7.9	kcal/mol	EB	Antosik, Galka, et al., 2004	Based on data from 302. to 353. K.; AC
Δ_vapH°	7.995 ± 0.050	kcal/mol	E	An and Mansson, 1983	ALS
Δ_vapH°	7.9	kcal/mol	N/A	An and Mansson, 1983	AC
Δ_vapH°	7.87 ± 0.01	kcal/mol	V	Howard and Wadso, 1970	ALS

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
7.9410	298.15	N/A	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2	P = 11.83 kPA; DH
7.110	354.7	N/A	Majer and Svoboda, 1985
7.96	329.	A,EB	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 314. to 355. K. See also Meyer, Renner, et al., 1971.; AC
8.08	303.	N/A	Dojcansky and Heinrich, 1974	Based on data from 288. to 362. K.; AC
8.32	315.	BG	Baldt and Hall, 1971	Based on data from 299. to 343. K.; AC
8.24	8.24	V	Hall and Baldt, 1971	ALS
8.17	288.	N/A	Kushchenko and Mishchenko, 1968	Based on data from 273. to 323. K.; AC
8.10	290.	N/A	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 3	Based on data from 280. to 300. K.; AC

Entropy of vaporization

Δ_vapS (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
26.635	298.15	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2	P; DH

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
288.3 to 362.3	4.27302	1355.374	-37.853	Dojcansky and Heinrich, 1974, 2	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
280.41 to 300.53	5.92725	2345.829	43.815	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

Δ_fusH (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
1.95	229.3	Domalski and Hearing, 1996	AC

Enthalpy of phase transition

ΔH_trs (kcal/mol)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
0.2146	216.9	crystaline, II	crystaline, I	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2	DH
1.952	229.32	crystaline, I	liquid	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2	DH
0.191	218.0	crystaline, II	crystaline, I	Martin, 1982	DH
1.594	228.7	crystaline, I	liquid	Martin, 1982	DH

Entropy of phase transition

ΔS_trs (cal/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Initial Phase	Final Phase	Reference	Comment
0.989	216.9	crystaline, II	crystaline, I	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2	DH
8.511	229.32	crystaline, I	liquid	Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2	DH
0.877	218.0	crystaline, II	crystaline, I	Martin, 1982	DH
6.98	228.7	crystaline, I	liquid	Martin, 1982	DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

+ Acetonitrile = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	15. ± 2.	kcal/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	15.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	15.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamabe, Furumiya, et al., 1986	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	14.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Sieck, 1985	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	14.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	21.4	cal/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1984	gas phase; switching reaction(Cl-)CF3H, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	10.20 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Li, Ross, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	9.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	8.9 ± 2.6	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamabe, Furumiya, et al., 1986	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	10.10 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Sieck, 1985	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	9.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

+ Acetonitrile = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + C₂H₃N = (Br^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	14.3 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Li, Ross, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	12.10 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	12.90 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	12.9 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	12.9	kcal/mol	HPMS	Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	12.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	16.5	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	8.70 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Li, Ross, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	8.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Tanabe, Morgon, et al., 1996	gas phase; Anchored to H2O..Br- of Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 19882; B
Δ_rG°	9.20 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	8.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

+ Acetonitrile = ( • )

By formula: I^- + C₂H₃N = (I^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.9 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	11.10 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	11.1 ± 1.1	kcal/mol	LPES	Dessent, Bailey, et al., 1995	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	11.00 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	12.	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	13.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	18.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	6.4 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	6.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Tanabe, Morgon, et al., 1996	gas phase; Anchored to H2O..I- of Caldwell and Kebarle, 1984; B
Δ_rG°	6.90 ± 0.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

CN^- + Acetonitrile = (CN^- • )

By formula: CN^- + C₂H₃N = (CN^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	16.4 ± 3.5	kcal/mol	IMRE	Larson and McMahon, 1987	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	15.70	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	14.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	24.3	cal/mol*K	N/A	Larson and McMahon, 1987	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(CN-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	9.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	9.1 ± 2.3	kcal/mol	IMRE	Larson and McMahon, 1987	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rG°	9.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

C₂H₂N^- + = Acetonitrile

By formula: C₂H₂N^- + H⁺ = C₂H₃N

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	372.9 ± 2.1	kcal/mol	G+TS	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Δ_rH°	369.0 ± 4.5	kcal/mol	CIDT	Graul and Squires, 1990	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	373.3 ± 2.6	kcal/mol	G+TS	Cumming and Kebarle, 1978	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	374.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	D-EA	Zimmerman and Brauman, 1977	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	366.6 ± 4.6	kcal/mol	EIAE	Heni and Illenberger, 1986	gas phase; From MeCN; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	365.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Δ_rG°	365.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Cumming and Kebarle, 1978	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	367.2 ± 2.1	kcal/mol	H-TS	Zimmerman and Brauman, 1977	gas phase; B

( • Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (I^- • C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (I^- • 2C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.40 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	11.10 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	11.10 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	N/A	Dessent, Bailey, et al., 1995	gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.25±0.08 eV.; B
Δ_rH°	10.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	20.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	4.90 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	4.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

C₂H₄N⁺ + Acetonitrile = (C₂H₄N⁺ • )

By formula: C₂H₄N⁺ + C₂H₃N = (C₂H₄N⁺ • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	31.1 ± 2.3	kcal/mol	CID	Honma, Sunderlin, et al., 1993	gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M
Δ_rH°	28.9	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Allison, Cramer, et al., 1991	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	29.8	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rH°	29.8	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985	gas phase; M
Δ_rH°	30.2	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	27.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Allison, Cramer, et al., 1991	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	24.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M
Δ_rS°	24.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	29.	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978	gas phase; M

+ Acetonitrile = ( • )

By formula: F^- + C₂H₃N = (F^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	24.5 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Discrepancy with Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972 "not resolved; B,M
Δ_rH°	16.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	13.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	17.6 ± 3.3	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Discrepancy with Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972 "not resolved; B
Δ_rG°	12.0 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 3 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (Cl^- • 3C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • 4C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.90 ± 0.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	9.00 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	6.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	26.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	10.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	2.9 ± 1.2	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	3.00	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 3 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (Br^- • 3C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Br^- • 4C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.70 ± 0.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	8.50 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	5.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	10.9	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	2.8 ± 1.2	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	2.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 2 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (Cl^- • 2C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • 3C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.20 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	12.00 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	10.60	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	20.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	5.3 ± 1.3	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	4.60	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (Cl^- • C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • 2C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.50 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	12.00 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	12.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	16.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	18.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	7.6 ± 1.2	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	6.60	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 2 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (I^- • 2C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (I^- • 3C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.20 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	9.70 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	9.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	22.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	3.20 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	2.70	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 2 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (Br^- • 2C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Br^- • 3C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.20 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	10.40 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	10.00	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	16.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	21.7	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	4.2 ± 1.3	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	3.60	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (Br^- • C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Br^- • 2C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.70 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	11.50 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	11.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	17.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	20.4	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	6.6 ± 1.3	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	5.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 4 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (F^- • 4C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (F^- • 5C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.50 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	5.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	29.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	7.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	2.60 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	3.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 2 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (F^- • 2C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (F^- • 3C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	15.1 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	11.70	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	17.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	8.4 ± 2.5	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	6.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (F^- • C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (F^- • 2C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	17.7 ± 1.5	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	12.90	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	14.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	10.8 ± 3.4	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	8.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

( • 3 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (F^- • 3C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (F^- • 4C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.80 ± 0.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	10.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	26.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	19.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	4.9 ± 1.9	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	4.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972	gas phase; B

C₃H₉Sn⁺ + Acetonitrile = (C₃H₉Sn⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉Sn⁺ + C₂H₃N = (C₃H₉Sn⁺ • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	37.5	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Stone and Splinter, 1984	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	31.4	cal/mol*K	N/A	Stone and Splinter, 1984	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
21.0	525.	PHPMS	Stone and Splinter, 1984	gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(C₂H₄N⁺ • • 2 Acetonitrile ) + = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 • 2)

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • H₂O • 2C₂H₃N) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • 2C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.7	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
2.8	316.	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C₂H₂N^- + Acetonitrile = (C₂H₂N^- • )

By formula: C₂H₂N^- + C₂H₃N = (C₂H₂N^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	15.70	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Δ_rS°	13.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	8.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	8.90	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 7 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 8)

By formula: (Cl^- • 7C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • 8C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Δ_rH°	2.8 ± 1.2	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	32.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	-0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

(C₂H₄N⁺ • Acetonitrile • 4) + = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 • 4)

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • C₂H₃N • 4H₂O) + C₂H₃N = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2C₂H₃N • 4H₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	14.4	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
7.4	318.	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(CH₆N⁺ • 2 Acetonitrile ) + = (CH₆N⁺ • • 2)

By formula: (CH₆N⁺ • 2C₂H₃N) + CH₄S = (CH₆N⁺ • CH₄S • 2C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.8	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	20.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
2.4	270.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

C₁₁H₁₀⁺ + Acetonitrile = (C₁₁H₁₀⁺ • )

By formula: C₁₁H₁₀⁺ + C₂H₃N = (C₁₁H₁₀⁺ • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	El-Shall and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1987	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.	cal/mol*K	N/A	El-Shall and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1987	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kcal/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
4.6	303.	PHPMS	El-Shall and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1987	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

( • 6 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 7)

By formula: (Cl^- • 6C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • 7C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.40 ± 0.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	3.9 ± 1.1	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	30.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	0.2 ± 1.4	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 4 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (Cl^- • 4C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • 5C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.80 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	5.80 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	27.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1.70 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 3 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (I^- • 3C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (I^- • 4C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.80 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	7.40 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	19.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	2.00 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 4 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (I^- • 4C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (I^- • 5C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.10 ± 0.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	10.60 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	18.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1.4 ± 1.4	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 5 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 6)

By formula: (Cl^- • 5C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Cl^- • 6C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.50 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	5.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	29.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	0.80 ± 0.80	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 4 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (Br^- • 4C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Br^- • 5C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.50 ± 0.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	5.80 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1.8 ± 1.3	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 5 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 6)

By formula: (Br^- • 5C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Br^- • 6C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.00 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	5.5 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.5	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1.20 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 6 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 7)

By formula: (Br^- • 6C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Br^- • 7C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	7.70 ± 0.30	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Δ_rH°	3.0 ± 1.1	kcal/mol	N/A	Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996	gas phase; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.9	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	0.8 ± 1.3	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

( • 6 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 7)

By formula: (F^- • 6C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (F^- • 7C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	8.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	28.	cal/mol*K	N/A	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; Entropy estimated; B

C₉H₉N₃O₃W (cr) = 0.5 (g) + 0.5 (cr) + 3 Acetonitrile (g)

By formula: C₉H₉N₃O₃W (cr) = 0.5C₆O₆W (g) + 0.5W (cr) + 3C₂H₃N (g)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.6	kcal/mol	TD-HFC	Adedeji, Connor, et al., 1978	The value for the reaction enthalpy corresponds to the thermal decomposition experiments and leads to -99.2 kcal/mol for the enthalpy of formation of W(CO)3(MeCN)3(cr). The value -405.0±12.0 was recommended by the authors Adedeji, Connor, et al., 1978; MS

C₇H₄N₂O₂^- + Acetonitrile = (C₇H₄N₂O₂^- • )

By formula: C₇H₄N₂O₂^- + C₂H₃N = (C₇H₄N₂O₂^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13.9 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	N/A	Chowdhury, Grimsrud, et al., 1987	gas phase; Free energy affinity at 70°C.; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	28.6	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Chowdhury, 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	4.1 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Chowdhury, Grimsrud, et al., 1987	gas phase; Free energy affinity at 70°C.; B

C₇H₇NO₃^- + Acetonitrile = (C₇H₇NO₃^- • )

By formula: C₇H₇NO₃^- + C₂H₃N = (C₇H₇NO₃^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	N/A	Chowdhury, Grimsrud, et al., 1987	gas phase; Free energy affinity at 70°C.; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Chowdhury, 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	6.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Chowdhury, Grimsrud, et al., 1987	gas phase; Free energy affinity at 70°C.; B

( • 4 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 5)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 4C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (Na⁺ • 5C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	12.6 ± 0.8	kcal/mol	CIDT	Valina, 2001	CH3CN is fifth ligand; RCD
Δ_rH°	12.7	kcal/mol	HPMS	Davidson and Kebarle, 1976	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	41.2	cal/mol*K	HPMS	Davidson and Kebarle, 1976	gas phase; Entropy change is questionable; M

C₇H₄F₃NO₂^- + Acetonitrile = (C₇H₄F₃NO₂^- • )

By formula: C₇H₄F₃NO₂^- + C₂H₃N = (C₇H₄F₃NO₂^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13.3 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	N/A	Chowdhury, Grimsrud, et al., 1987	gas phase; Free energy affinity at 70°C.; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	23.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Chowdhury, 1987	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	5.4 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Chowdhury, Grimsrud, et al., 1987	gas phase; Free energy affinity at 70°C.; B

( • 2 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 3)

By formula: (O₂^- • 2C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (O₂^- • 3C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	11.90 ± 0.60	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.7	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	4.50 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B

( • 3 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 4)

By formula: (O₂^- • 3C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (O₂^- • 4C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.50 ± 0.50	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	2.80 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B

( • Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 2)

By formula: (O₂^- • C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (O₂^- • 2C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	14.20 ± 0.70	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.0	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	7.70 ± 0.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B

( • 5 Acetonitrile ) + = ( • 6)

By formula: (F^- • 5C₂H₃N) + C₂H₃N = (F^- • 6C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	9.70 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	27.8	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1.40 ± 0.90	kcal/mol	TDAs	Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988	gas phase; B

+ Acetonitrile = ( • )

By formula: NO₂^- + C₂H₃N = (NO₂^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13.40 ± 0.10	kcal/mol	TDAs	Sieck, 1985	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	15.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Sieck, 1985	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	8.80 ± 0.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Sieck, 1985	gas phase; B

(C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 • Acetonitrile ) + = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 3 • )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • C₂H₃N) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	10.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	22.3	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M

+ Acetonitrile = ( • )

By formula: O₂^- + C₂H₃N = (O₂^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	16.40	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	17.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	11.20	kcal/mol	TDAs	Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973	gas phase; B

(C₂H₄N⁺ • • Acetonitrile ) + = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 • )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • H₂O • C₂H₃N) + H₂O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	15.3	kcal/mol	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	25.2	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986	gas phase; n; M

+ Acetonitrile = ( • )

By formula: C₄H₄N^- + C₂H₃N = (C₄H₄N^- • C₂H₃N)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	15.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B,M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	23.4	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	8.8 ± 1.0	kcal/mol	TDAs	Meot-ner, 1988, 2	gas phase; B

(C₂H₄N⁺ • • Acetonitrile ) + = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2 • )

By formula: (C₂H₄N⁺ • CH₄O • C₂H₃N) + CH₄O = (C₂H₄N⁺ • 2CH₄O • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type NH+-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	13.7	kcal/mol	PHPMS	El-Shall, Olafsdottir, et al., 1991	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	24.1	cal/mol*K	PHPMS	El-Shall, Olafsdottir, et al., 1991	gas phase; M

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C₂H₃N⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
IE (evaluated)	12.20 ± 0.01	eV	N/A	N/A	L
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Proton affinity (review)	186.2	kcal/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Gas basicity	179.	kcal/mol	N/A	Hunter and Lias, 1998	HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
0.01101	EFD	Suess, Liu, et al., 2003	B
0.0030 ± 0.0072	LPES	Bailey, Dessent, et al., 1996	B
0.01149	EFD	Desfrancois, Abdoul-Carime, et al., 1994	EA: 11.5 meV. Dipole-bound state.; B

Proton affinity at 298K

Proton affinity (kcal/mol)	Reference	Comment
188.2 ± 1.4	Williams, Denault, et al., 2001	T = T(eff) = 498-797 KK; propionitrile, butyronitrile, valeronitrile reference compounds; MM

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
12.201 ± 0.002	PE	Gochel-Dupuis, Delwiche, et al., 1992	LL
12.38 ± 0.04	EI	Harland and McIntosh, 1985	LBLHLM
12.3 ± 0.25	EI	Chess, Lapp, et al., 1982	LBLHLM
12.33 ± 0.08	EI	Allam, Migahed, et al., 1982	LBLHLM
12.194 ± 0.005	PI	Rider, Ray, et al., 1981	LLK
12.21	PE	Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981	LLK
12.20 ± 0.01	PE	Staley, Kleckner, et al., 1976	LLK
13.14	PE	Lake and Thompson, 1970	RDSH
15.11	PE	Lake and Thompson, 1970	RDSH
12.12	PE	Frost, Herring, et al., 1970	RDSH
13.11	PE	Frost, Herring, et al., 1970	RDSH
15.12	PE	Frost, Herring, et al., 1970	RDSH
16.98	PE	Frost, Herring, et al., 1970	RDSH
12.19 ± 0.01	PI	Dibeler and Liston, 1968	RDSH
12.23 ± 0.05	EI	Franklin, Wada, et al., 1966	RDSH
12.205 ± 0.004	PI	Nicholson, 1965	RDSH
12.22 ± 0.01	PI	Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962	RDSH
12.46	PE	Asbrink, Von Niessen, et al., 1980	Vertical value; LLK
12.20	PE	Lake and Thompson, 1970	Vertical value; RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
C⁺	27.0 ± 0.3	?	EI	Reed and Snedden, 1956	RDSH
CH⁺	22.4 ± 0.2	?	EI	Reed and Snedden, 1956	RDSH
CH₂⁺	15.7	HCN	EI	Haney and Franklin, 1968	RDSH
CH₂⁺	14.94 ± 0.02	HCN	PI	Dibeler and Liston, 1968	RDSH
C₂HN⁺	15.90 ± 0.08	?	EI	Harland and McIntosh, 1985	LBLHLM
C₂HN⁺	15.1 ± 0.1	H₂	PI	Dibeler and Liston, 1968	RDSH
C₂H₂N⁺	13.94 ± 0.02	H	N/A	Holmes, Lossing, et al., 1993	LL
C₂H₂N⁺	14.38 ± 0.04	H	EI	Harland and McIntosh, 1985	LBLHLM
C₂H₂N⁺	14.75 ± 0.08	H	EI	Allam, Migahed, et al., 1982	LBLHLM
C₂H₂N⁺	14.01 ± 0.02	H	PI	Dibeler and Liston, 1968	RDSH
C₂H₂N⁺	13.54 ± 0.08	H	EI	Franklin, Wada, et al., 1966	RDSH
C₂H₂N⁺	14.28 ± 0.05	H	EI	Pottie and Lossing, 1961	RDSH
C₂N⁺	20.00 ± 0.08	?	EI	Harland and McIntosh, 1985	LBLHLM

De-protonation reactions

C₂H₂N^- + = Acetonitrile

By formula: C₂H₂N^- + H⁺ = C₂H₃N

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	372.9 ± 2.1	kcal/mol	G+TS	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Δ_rH°	369.0 ± 4.5	kcal/mol	CIDT	Graul and Squires, 1990	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	373.3 ± 2.6	kcal/mol	G+TS	Cumming and Kebarle, 1978	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	374.8 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	D-EA	Zimmerman and Brauman, 1977	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	366.6 ± 4.6	kcal/mol	EIAE	Heni and Illenberger, 1986	gas phase; From MeCN; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	365.2 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Δ_rG°	365.6 ± 2.0	kcal/mol	IMRE	Cumming and Kebarle, 1978	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	367.2 ± 2.1	kcal/mol	H-TS	Zimmerman and Brauman, 1977	gas phase; B

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965
Putnam, W.E.; McEachern, D.M.; Kilpatrick, J.E., Entropy and related thermodynamic properties of acetonitrile (methyl cyanide), J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 749-55. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Antosik, Galka, et al., 2004
Antosik, Maria; Galka, Maria; Malanowski, Stanislaw K., Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for Acetonitrile + Propanenitrile and 1-Pentanamine + 1-Methoxy-2-propanol ^«8224», J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2004, 49, 1, 11-17, https://doi.org/10.1021/je025660t . [all data]

An and Mansson, 1983
An, X.; Mansson, M., Enthalpies of combustion and formation of acetontrile, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1983, 15, 287-293. [all data]

Howard and Wadso, 1970
Howard, P.B.; Wadso, I., Enthalpies of vaporization of organic compounds IV. Alkyl Nitriles, Acta Chem. Scand., 1970, 24, 145. [all data]

Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 2
Putnam, W.E.; McEachern, D.M., Jr.; Kilpatrick, J.E., Entropy and related thermodynamic properties of acetonitrile (methyl cyanide), J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 749-755. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Meyer, Renner, et al., 1971
Meyer, Edwin F.; Renner, Terrence A.; Stec, Kenneth S., Cohesive energies in polar organic liquids. II. n-Alkane nitriles and the 1-chloro alkanes, J. Phys. Chem., 1971, 75, 5, 642-648, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100675a008 . [all data]

Dojcansky and Heinrich, 1974
Dojcansky, J.; Heinrich, J., Chem. Zvesti, 1974, 28, 157. [all data]

Baldt and Hall, 1971
Baldt, J.H.; Hall, H.K.K., Jr., Thermochemistry of strained-ring bridgehead nitriles and esters, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1971, 93, 140-145. [all data]

Hall and Baldt, 1971
Hall, H.K., Jr.; Baldt, J.H., Thermochemistry of strained-ring bridgehead nitriles and esters, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1971, 93, 140-145. [all data]

Kushchenko and Mishchenko, 1968
Kushchenko, V.V.; Mishchenko, K.P., Zh. Prikl. Khim., 1968, 41, 3, 646. [all data]

Putnam, McEachern, et al., 1965, 3
Putnam, William E.; McEachern, Douglas Marvin; Kilpatrick, John E., Entropy and Related Thermodynamic Properties of Acetonitrile (Methyl Cyanide), J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 42, 2, 749, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1696002 . [all data]

Dojcansky and Heinrich, 1974, 2
Dojcansky, J.; Heinrich, J., Saturated Vapour Pressure of Acetonitrile, Chem. Zvesti, 1974, 28, 2, 157-159. [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Martin, 1982
Martin, C.A., Specific heat anomalies in some organic compounds, Therm. Anal., Proc. Int. Conf., 7th, 1982, 2, 829-835. [all data]

Hiraoka, Mizuse, et al., 1988
Hiraoka, K.; Mizuse, S.; Yamabe, S., Solvation of Halide Ions with H₂O and CH₃CN in the Gas Phase, J. Phys. Chem., 1988, 92, 13, 3943, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100324a051 . [all data]

Yamabe, Furumiya, et al., 1986
Yamabe, S.; Furumiya, Y.; Hiraoka, K.; Morise, K., Theoretical Van't Hoff plots of gas phase ion equilibria of Cl- ion in water, methanol and acetonitrile, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1986, 131, 261. [all data]

Sieck, 1985
Sieck, L.W., Thermochemistry of Solvation of NO₂^- and C₆H₅NO₂^- by Polar Molecules in the Vapor Phase. Comparison with Cl^- and Variation with Ligand Structure., J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 25, 5552, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100271a049 . [all data]

Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1972
Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Solvation of negative ions by protic and aprotic solvents. Gas phase solvation of halide ions by acetonitrile and water molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 2940. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. An experimental investigation of the interaction between chloride ion and bronsted acids from ICR chloride exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 517. [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1984, 2
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Gas phase negative ion chemistry of alkylchloroformates, Can. J. Chem., 1984, 62, 675. [all data]

Li, Ross, et al., 1996
Li, C.; Ross, P.; Szulejko, J.; McMahon, T.B., High-Pressure Mass Spectrometric Investigations of the Potential Energy Surfaces of Gas-Phase Sn2 Reactions., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 39, 9360, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja960565o . [all data]

Markovich, Perera, et al., 1996
Markovich, G.; Perera, L.; Berkowitz, M.L.; Cheshnovsky, O., The Solvation of Cl-, Br-, and I- in Acetonitrile Cluster: Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations., J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 105, 7, 2675, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.472131 . [all data]

Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989
Caldwell, G.W.; Masucci, J.A.; Ikonomou, M.G., Negative Ion Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry - Binding of Molecules to Bromide and Iodide Anions, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1989, 24, 1, 8, https://doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210240103 . [all data]

Tanabe, Morgon, et al., 1996
Tanabe, F.K.J.; Morgon, N.H.; Riveros, J.M., Relative Bromide and Iodide Affinity of Simple Solvent Molecules Determined by FT-ICR, J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 8, 2862-2866, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp952290p . [all data]

Hiraoka, Mizure, et al., 1988
Hiraoka, K.; Mizure, S.; Yamabe, S.; Nakatsuji, Y., Gas Phase Clustering Reactions of CN^- and CH₂CN^- with MeCN, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1988, 148, 6, 497, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(88)80320-8 . [all data]

Dessent, Bailey, et al., 1995
Dessent, C.E.H.; Bailey, C.G.; Johnson, M.A., Dipole-bound excited states of the I-center dot CH3CN and I-center dot(CH3CN)2 ion-molecule complexes: Evidence for asymmetric solvation, J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 103, 6, 2006, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469727 . [all data]

Caldwell and Kebarle, 1984
Caldwell, G.; Kebarle, P., Binding energies and structural effects in halide anion-ROH and -RCOOH complexes from gas phase equilibria measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 967. [all data]

Meot-ner, 1988
Meot-ner, M., Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. ₆. Interaction Energies of the Acetate Ion with Organic Molecules. Comparison of CH₃COO^- with Cl^-, CN^-, and SH^-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 12, 3854, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a022 . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1987
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Hydrogen bonding in gas phase anions. The energetics of interaction between cyanide ion and bronsted acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109, 6230. [all data]

Payzant, Yamdagni, et al., 1971
Payzant, J.D.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P., Hydration of CN-, NO₂-, NO₃-, and HO- in the gas phase, Can. J. Chem., 1971, 49, 3308. [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

Graul and Squires, 1990
Graul, S.T.; Squires, R.R., Gas-Phase Acidities Derived from Threshold Energies for Activated Reactions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 7, 2517, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00163a007 . [all data]

Cumming and Kebarle, 1978
Cumming, J.B.; Kebarle, P., Summary of gas phase measurements involving acids AH. Entropy changes in proton transfer reactions involving negative ions. Bond dissociation energies D(A-H) and electron affinities EA(A), Can. J. Chem., 1978, 56, 1. [all data]

Zimmerman and Brauman, 1977
Zimmerman, A.H.; Brauman, J.I., Electron photodetachment from negative ions of C_2v symmetry. Electron affinities of allyl and cyanomethyl radicals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 3565. [all data]

Heni and Illenberger, 1986
Heni, M.; Illenberger, E., Electron attachment by saturated nitriles. Acrylonitrile (CH₂H₃CN), and benzonitrile (C₆H₅CN), Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1986, 73, 127. [all data]

Honma, Sunderlin, et al., 1993
Honma, K.; Sunderlin, L.S.; Armentrout, P.B., Guided-Ion Beam Studies of the Reactions of Protonated Water Clusters, H(H2O)n+ (n = 1-4), with Acetonitrile, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 99, 3, 1623, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.465331 . [all data]

Allison, Cramer, et al., 1991
Allison, C.E.; Cramer, J.A.; Hop, C.E.C.A.; Szulejko, J.E.; McMahon, T.B., Strong Hydrogen Bonding in Gas - Phase Ions. A High - Pressure Mass Spectrometric Study of the Proton Affinity, Proton Transfer Kinetics, and Hydrogen - Bonding Capability of Iron Pentacarbonyl, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 12, 4469, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00012a014 . [all data]

Deakyne, Meot-Ner (Mautner), et al., 1986
Deakyne, C.A.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Campbell, C.L.; Hughes, M.G.; Murphy, S.P., Multicomponent Cluster Ions. 1. The Acetonitrile - Water System, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 90, 4648. [all data]

Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Speller, C.V.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 3. Bonds Involving Cyanides. Correlations with Proton Affinites, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 81, 24, 5217, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a020 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Solvation of the Proton by HCN and CH3CN. Condensation of HCN with Ions in the Gas Phase., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 15, 4694, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00483a012 . [all data]

Stone and Splinter, 1984
Stone, J.A.; Splinter, D.E., A high-pressure mass spectrometric study of the binding of (CH₃)₃Sn⁺ to lewis bases in the gas phase, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 59, 169. [all data]

Meot-ner, 1988, 2
Meot-ner, M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Solvation. 7. Interaction Energies of Carbanions with Solvent Molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 12, 3858, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00220a022 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 4. SH+ O and NH+ S Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Mutual Effects of Weak and Strong Ligands in Mixed Clusters, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 24, 5222, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a021 . [all data]

El-Shall and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1987
El-Shall, M.S.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Ionic Charge Transfer Complexes. 3. Delocalised pi Systems as Electron Acceptors and Donors, J. Phys. Chem., 1987, 91, 5, 1088, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100289a017 . [all data]

Adedeji, Connor, et al., 1978
Adedeji, F.A.; Connor, J.A.; Demain, C.P.; Martinho Simões, J.A.; Skinner, H.A.; Zafarani- Moattar, M.T., J. Organometal. Chem., 1978, 149, 333. [all data]

Chowdhury, Grimsrud, et al., 1987
Chowdhury, S.; Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P., Bonding of Charged Delocalized Anions to Protic and Dipolar Aprotic Solvent Molecules, J. Phys. Chem., 1987, 91, 10, 2551, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100294a021 . [all data]

Chowdhury, 1987
Chowdhury, S. Grimsrud, Bonding of Charge Delocalized Anions to Protic and Dipolar Aprotic Solvents, J. Phys. Chem., 1987, 91, 10, 2551, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100294a021 . [all data]

Valina, 2001
Valina, A.B., Collision-Induced Dissociation and Theoretical Studies of Na+-Acetonitrile Complexes, J. Phys. Chem. A, 2001, 105, 49, 11057, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0128123 . [all data]

Davidson and Kebarle, 1976
Davidson, W.R.; Kebarle, P., Ionic Solvation by Aprotic Solvents. Gas Phase Solvation of the Alkali Ions by Acetonitrile, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 20, 6125, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00436a010 . [all data]

Yamdagni, Payzant, et al., 1973
Yamdagni, R.; Payzant, J.D.; Kebarle, P., Solvation of Cl- and O₂- with H₂O, CH₃OH, and CH₃CN in the gas phase, Can. J. Chem., 1973, 51, 2507. [all data]

El-Shall, Olafsdottir, et al., 1991
El-Shall, M.S.; Olafsdottir, S.; Meot-ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Energy effects on cluster ion distributions: Beam expansion and thermochemical studies on mixed clusters of methanol and acetonitrile, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1991, 185, 3-4, 193, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(91)85046-Y . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Suess, Liu, et al., 2003
Suess, L.; Liu, Y.; Parthasarathy, R.; Dunning, F.B., Dipole-bound negative ions: Collisional destruction and blackbody-radiation-induced photodetachment, J. Chem. Phys., 2003, 119, 24, 12890-12894, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1628215 . [all data]

Bailey, Dessent, et al., 1996
Bailey, C.G.; Dessent, C.E.H.; Johnson, M.A.; Bowen, K.A., Jr., Vibronic Effects in the Photon Energy Dependent Photoelectron Spectra of the CH3CN- Dipole-bound Anion, J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 104, 18, 6976, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.471415 . [all data]

Desfrancois, Abdoul-Carime, et al., 1994
Desfrancois, C.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Khelifa, N.; Schermann, J.P., Fork 1/r to 1/r2 Potentials: Electron Exchange between Rydberg Atoms and Polar Molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1994, 73, 18, 2436, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.2436 . [all data]

Williams, Denault, et al., 2001
Williams, T.I.; Denault, J.W.; Cooks, R.G., Proton Affinity of Deuterated Acetonitrile Estimated by the Kinetic Method with Full Entropy Analysis, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 2001, 210/211, 133. [all data]

Gochel-Dupuis, Delwiche, et al., 1992
Gochel-Dupuis, M.; Delwiche, J.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J.; Collin, J.E., High-resolution HeI photoelectron spectrum of acetonitrile, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1992, 193, 41. [all data]

Harland and McIntosh, 1985
Harland, P.W.; McIntosh, B.J., Enthalpies of formation for the isomeric ions H_xCCN⁺ and H_xCNC⁺ (x = 0-3) by monochromatic electron impact on C₂N₂, CH₃CN and CH₃NC., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1985, 67, 29. [all data]

Chess, Lapp, et al., 1982
Chess, E.K.; Lapp, R.L.; Gross, M.L., The question of tautomerism of alkylnitrile and isonitrile radical cations, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1982, 17, 475. [all data]

Allam, Migahed, et al., 1982
Allam, S.H.; Migahed, M.D.; El-Khodary, A., Electron impact ionization and dissociation of deuterated and non-deuterated methanol, methyl cyanide, nitromethane and nitrobenzene, Egypt. J. Phys., 1982, 13, 167. [all data]

Rider, Ray, et al., 1981
Rider, D.M.; Ray, G.W.; Darland, E.J.; Leroi, G.E., A photoionization mass spectrometric investigation of CH₃CN and CD₃CN, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 1652. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Staley, Kleckner, et al., 1976
Staley, R.H.; Kleckner, J.E.; Beauchamp, J.L., Relationship between orbital ionization energies and molecular properties. Proton affinities and photoelectron spectra of nitriles, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1976, 98, 2081. [all data]

Lake and Thompson, 1970
Lake, R.F.; Thompson, H., The photoelectron spectra of some molecules containing the C N group, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1970, A317, 187. [all data]

Frost, Herring, et al., 1970
Frost, D.C.; Herring, F.G.; McDowell, C.A.; Stenhouse, I.A., The ionization potentials of methyl cyanide and methyl acetylene by photoelectron spectroscopy and semi-rigorous LCAO SCF calculations, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1970, 4, 533. [all data]

Dibeler and Liston, 1968
Dibeler, V.H.; Liston, S.K., Mass-spectrometric study of photoionization. IX. Hydrogen cyanide and acetonitrile, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 4765. [all data]

Franklin, Wada, et al., 1966
Franklin, J.L.; Wada, Y.; Natalis, P.; Hierl, P.M., Ion-molecule reactions in acetonitrile and propionitrile, J. Phys. Chem., 1966, 70, 2353. [all data]

Nicholson, 1965
Nicholson, A.J.C., Photoionization-efficiency curves. II. False and genuine structure, J. Chem. Phys., 1965, 43, 1171. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Asbrink, Von Niessen, et al., 1980
Asbrink, L.; Von Niessen, W.; Bieri, G., 30.4-nm He(II) photoelectron spectra of organic molecules, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1980, 21, 93. [all data]

Reed and Snedden, 1956
Reed, R.I.; Snedden, W., Studies in electron impact methods. Part 6.-The formation of the methine and carbon ions, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1956, 55, 876. [all data]

Haney and Franklin, 1968
Haney, M.A.; Franklin, J.L., Correlation of excess energies of electron-impact dissociations with the translational energies of the products, J.Chem. Phys., 1968, 48, 4093. [all data]

Holmes, Lossing, et al., 1993
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P.; Mayer, P.M., The effects of methyl substitution on the structure and thermochemistry of the cyanomethyl radical and cation, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1993, 212, 134. [all data]

Pottie and Lossing, 1961
Pottie, R.F.; Lossing, F.P., Free radicals by mass spectrometry. XXV. Ionization potentials of cyanoalkyl radicals, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1961, 83, 4737. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

Symbols used in this document:

AE	Appearance energy
EA	Electron affinity
IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
P_c	Critical pressure
T	Temperature
T_boil	Boiling point
T_c	Critical temperature
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
ΔH_trs	Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔS_trs	Entropy of phase transition
Δ_fusH	Enthalpy of fusion
Δ_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
Δ_vapS	Entropy of vaporization

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.