Methane, bromo-

• Formula: CH₃Br
• Molecular weight: 94.939
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/CH3Br/c1-2/h1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 74-83-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Isotopologues:
  • bromo(2H3)methane
• Other names: Bromomethane; Curafume; Embafume; Halon 1001; Haltox; Iscobrome; Methyl bromide; Monobromomethane; Terabol; CH3Br; Bercema; Brom-methan; Brom-O-gas; Brom-O-gaz; Bromometano; Bromure de methyle; Bromuro di metile; Broommethaan; Celfume; Dawson 100; Detia gas ex-M; Dowfume mc-2; Dowfume mc-33; Dowfume mc-2 soil fumigant; Edco; Fumigant-1; Kayafume; MBX; MeBr; Metafume; Methogas; Methylbromid; Metylu bromek; Pestmaster; Profume; R 40B1; Rcra waste number U029; Terr-O-gas 67; Terr-O-gas 100; UN 1062; Zytox; Brom-O-sol; Methybrom
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis

Enthalpy of vaporization

Entropy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Enthalpy of phase transition

Entropy of phase transition

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

CH₂Br^- +  =

By formula: CH₂Br^- + H⁺ = CH₃Br

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + CH₃Br = (Cl^- • CH₃Br)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + CH₃Br = (Br^- • CH₃Br)

 (cr) +  (l) = CH₃BrMg (solution)

By formula: Mg (cr) + CH₃Br (l) = CH₃BrMg (solution)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CH₃⁺ + CH₃Br = (CH₃⁺ • CH₃Br)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: I^- + CH₃Br = (I^- • CH₃Br)

 (l) + 3 (l) = Br₃In (cr) + 3 (g)

By formula: C₃H₉In (l) + 3Br₂ (l) = Br₃In (cr) + 3CH₃Br (g)

CH₆N⁺ +  = (CH₆N⁺ • )

By formula: CH₆N⁺ + CH₃Br = (CH₆N⁺ • CH₃Br)

 (l) + 2 (l) = 2 (g) +  (cr)

By formula: C₂H₆Hg (l) + 2Br₂ (l) = 2CH₃Br (g) + Br₂Hg (cr)

 (l) +  (g) = C₃H₉BrSn (l) +  (g)

By formula: C₄H₁₂Sn (l) + Br₂ (g) = C₃H₉BrSn (l) + CH₃Br (g)

 (cr) + 1.5 (g) =  (cr) + 5 (g) +  (g)

By formula: C₆H₃MnO₅ (cr) + 1.5Br₂ (g) = Br₂Mn (cr) + 5CO (g) + CH₃Br (g)

 (cr) + 1.5 (g) =  (cr) + 6 (g) +  (g)

By formula: C₇H₃MnO₆ (cr) + 1.5Br₂ (g) = Br₂Mn (cr) + 6CO (g) + CH₃Br (g)

 + 2 = 2 + 

By formula: H₂ + 2CH₃Br = 2CH₄ + Br₂

 +  =  + 

By formula: H₂ + CH₃Br = HBr + CH₄

 +  =  + 

By formula: CH₄ + Br₂ = HBr + CH₃Br

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to CH₃Br⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

CH₂Br^- +  =

By formula: CH₂Br^- + H⁺ = CH₃Br

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Br^- + CH₃Br = (Br^- • CH₃Br)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: CH₃⁺ + CH₃Br = (CH₃⁺ • CH₃Br)

CH₆N⁺ +  = (CH₆N⁺ • )

By formula: CH₆N⁺ + CH₃Br = (CH₆N⁺ • CH₃Br)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + CH₃Br = (Cl^- • CH₃Br)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: I^- + CH₃Br = (I^- • CH₃Br)

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• GAS (100 mmHg DILUTED TO A TOTAL PRESSURE OF 600 mmHg WITH N2); DOW KBr FOREPRISM; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas

Data compiled by: Pamela M. Chu, Franklin R. Guenther, George C. Rhoderick, and Walter J. Lafferty

• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); 3-Term B-H Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Boxcar Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Happ Genzel Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); NB Strong Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution
• gas; IFS66V (Bruker); Triangular Apodization
  0.1250, 0.2410, 0.4820, 0.9640, 1.9290 cm^-1 resolution

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Ferguson, Okafo, et al., 1973
Ferguson, K.C.; Okafo, E.N.; Whittle, E., Bond dissociation energies from equilibrium studies Part 4.-The equilibrium Br₂ + CH₄ = HBr + CH₃Br. Determination of D(CH₃-Br) and ΔH_f°(CH₃Br,g), J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1, 1973, 69, 295-301. [all data]

Adams, Carson, et al., 1966
Adams, G.P.; Carson, A.S.; Laye, P.G., Thermochemistry of reductions caused by lithium aluminium hydride. Part 4.-Heat of formation of methyl bromide, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1966, 62, 1447-1449. [all data]

Fowell, Lacher, et al., 1965
Fowell, P.; Lacher, J.R.; Park, J.D., Reaction heats of organic compounds. Part 3.-Heats of hydrogenation of methyl bromide and ethyl bromide, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1324-1327. [all data]

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Egan and Kemp, 1938
Egan, C.J.; Kemp, J.D., Methyl bromide. The heat capacity, vapor pressure, heats of transition, fusion and vaporization. Entropy and density of the gas, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 2097-2101. [all data]

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Majer and Svoboda, 1985
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Beersmans and Jungers, 2010
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Li, J.C.M.; Rossini, F.D., Vapor Pressures and Boiling Points of the l-Fluoroalkanes, l-Chloroalkanes, l-Bromoalkanes, and l-Iodoalkanes, C ₁ to C ₂₀ ., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1961, 6, 2, 268-270, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60010a025 . [all data]

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Egan, C.J.; Kemp, J.D., Methyl bromide. The heat capacity, vapor pressure, heats of transition, fusion and vaporization. Entropy and density of the gas, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 2097-21. [all data]

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Ingemann, S.; Nibbering, N.M.M., Gas phase chemistry of alpha-thio carbanions, Can. J. Chem., 1985, 62, 2273. [all data]

Rogers, Simpson, et al., 2010
Rogers, N.J.; Simpson, M.J.; Tuckett, R.P.; Dunn, K.F.; Latimer, C.J., Vacuum-UV negative photoion spectroscopy of CH3F, CH3Cl and CH3Br, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2010, 12, 36, 10971-10980, https://doi.org/10.1039/c0cp00234h . [all data]

Ingemann and Nibbering, 1985, 2
Ingemann, S.; Nibbering, N.M.M., Gas-phase acidity of CH₃X [X = P(CH₃)₂, SCH₃, F, Cl, Br, I] compounds, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, 1985, 837. [all data]

Li, Ross, et al., 1996
Li, C.; Ross, P.; Szulejko, J.; McMahon, T.B., High-Pressure Mass Spectrometric Investigations of the Potential Energy Surfaces of Gas-Phase Sn2 Reactions., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 39, 9360, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja960565o . [all data]

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Riveros, Breda, et al., 1973
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Larson and McMahon, 1984
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Fluoride and chloride affinities of main group oxides, fluorides, oxofluorides, and alkyls. Quantitative scales of lewis acidities from ion cyclotron resonance halide-exchange equilibria, J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 1083. [all data]

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McMahon, T.; Heinis, T.; Nicol, G.; Hovey, J.K.; Kebarle, P., Methyl Cation Affinities, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 23, 7591, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00231a002 . [all data]

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Cyr, D.M.; Bishea, G.A.; Scarton, M.G.; Johnson, M.A., Observation of Charge-Transfer Excited States in the I-.CH3I, I-.CH3Br, and I-.CH2Br2 S(N)2 Reaction Intermediates Using Photofragmentation, J. Chem. Phys., 1992, 97, 8, 5911, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.463752 . [all data]

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Meot-Ner, (Mautner)M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 1. -NH+ O-, -NH+ N- and -OH+ O- Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Deviations Due to Structural Effects, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 5, 1257, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a015 . [all data]

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Hartley, K.; Pritchard, H.O.; Skinner, H.A., Thermochemistry of metallic alkyls. III.?mercury dimethyl and mercury methyl halides, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1950, 46, 1019, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9504601019 . [all data]

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Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

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Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

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Ragle, Stenhouse, et al., 1970
Ragle, J.L.; Stenhouse, I.A.; Frost, D.C.; McDowell, C.A., Valence-shell ionization potentials of halomethanes by photoelectron spectroscopy. I. CH₃Cl, CH₃Br, CH₃I. Vibrational frequencies and vibronic interaction in CH₃Br⁺ and CH₃Cl⁺, J. Chem. Phys., 1970, 53, 178. [all data]

Potts, Lempka, et al., 1970
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Hashmall and Heilbronner, 1970
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Krauss, Walker, et al., 1968
Krauss, M.; Walker, J.A.; Dibeler, V.H., Mass spectrometric study of photoionization. X. Hydrogen chloride and methyl halides, J. Res. NBS, 1968, 72A, 281. [all data]

Nicholson, 1965
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Watanabe, K., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 542. [all data]

Frost and McDowell, 1957
Frost, D.C.; McDowell, C.A., Studies of the ionization of molecules by electron impact. II. Excited states of the molecular ions of methane and the methyl halides, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1957, A241, 194. [all data]

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Utsunomiya, Kobayashi, et al., 1980
Utsunomiya, C.; Kobayashi, T.; Nagakura, S., Photoelectron angular distribution measurements for some aliphatic alcohols, amines, halides, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1980, 53, 1216. [all data]

Uehara, Saito, et al., 1973
Uehara, Y.; Saito, N.; Yonezawa, T., Ionization potentials of trifluoromethyl and methyl halides by photoelectron spectroscopy and calculations by extended Hucket and CNDO/2 methods, Chem. Lett., 1973, 495. [all data]

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Reed and Snedden, 1956
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Tsuda and Hamill, 1964
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Williams and Hamill, 1968
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Davidson, 1951
Davidson, N., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1951, 73, 467. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔHtrs	Enthalpy of phase transition
  ΔStrs	Entropy of phase transition
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ΔvapS	Entropy of vaporization

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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