hafnium

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.


Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas618.40kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1979
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar186.90J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K) 4963.793 to 6000.
A 53.43135
B -14.43208
C 3.215568
D -0.181469
E -20.49164
F 567.3881
G 217.1521
H 618.3952
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid46.21kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1979
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid,1 bar71.94J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K) 2500. to 4963.793
A 37.65604
B -1.195850×10-7
C 2.633457×10-8
D -1.977226×10-9
E -1.780309×10-7
F 15.45084
G 90.56477
H 46.20893
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K) 298. to 2500.298. to 2500.
A 22.7103314.99366
B 10.864439.234131
C -1.901809-0.000539
D 0.3063680.000106
E -0.0075870.000024
F -7.26430313.82318
G 67.8435676.50360
H 0.00000018.68604
ReferenceChase, 1998Chase, 1998
Comment α phase; Data last reviewed in March, 1979 β phase; Data last reviewed in March, 1979

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)6.82507 ± 0.00004eVN/AN/AL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
6.82507EVALLide, 1992LL
6.82507 ± 0.00004LSCallender, Hackett, et al., 1988LL
6.65 ± 0.10EIRauh and Ackermann, 1979LLK
6.7 ± 0.1EIRauh and Ackermann, 1974LLK

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Callender, Hackett, et al., 1988
Callender, C.L.; Hackett, P.A.; Rayner, D.M., First ionization potential of hafnium by double-resonance field-ionization spectroscopy, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 1988, 5, 1341. [all data]

Rauh and Ackermann, 1979
Rauh, E.G.; Ackermann, R.J., The first ionization potentials of the transition metals, J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 70, 1004. [all data]

Rauh and Ackermann, 1974
Rauh, E.G.; Ackermann, R.J., First ionization potentials of some refractory oxide vapors, J. Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 1396. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References