gallium

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas271.96kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1983
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar169.03J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1983

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Temperature (K) 2476.57 to 6000.
A 20.25299
B 0.569727
C -0.209892
D 0.025810
E 3.049200
F 272.5010
G 201.4458
H 271.9604
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in June, 1983

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid5.58kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1983
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid,1 bar59.25J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1983
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
solid40.83J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1983

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Temperature (K) 302.92 to 2476.57
A 24.62138
B 2.701388
C -1.272134
D 0.196526
E 0.286145
F -0.908736
G 89.90830
H 5.577983
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in June, 1983

Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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View table.

Temperature (K) 298. to 302.92
A 102.3394
B -347.5134
C 603.3621
D -360.7047
E -1.490304
F -24.68472
G 236.2780
H 0.000000
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in June, 1983

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus302.92KN/AMarsh, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.004 K; recommended as calibration standard
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple302.92KN/AAnonymous, 1988Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0005 K; nominal value, from the catalog
Ttriple302.92KN/AMarsh, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.0003 K; recommended as calibration standard

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Ga+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)5.99930eVN/AN/AL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.430 ± 0.030LPESWilliams, Carpenter, et al., 1998B
0.40 ± 0.20LPESCha, Ganteför, et al., 1994B
<0.30 ± 0.15PDFeldmann, Rackwitz, et al., 1977B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
5.99930EVALLide, 1992LL
5.999SKelly, 1987LBLHLM
6.0 ± 0.2EIHirayama, Straw, et al., 1985LBLHLM
6.0 ± 0.3EIKleinschmidt and Hildenbrand, 1978LLK
6.1 ± 0.4EIPiacente and Balducci, 1974LLK
6.1EIGingerich and Piacente, 1971LLK
5.999SMoore, 1970RDSH
5.99930SJohansson and Litzen, 1967RDSH

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Marsh, 1987
Marsh, K.N., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Sci. Pub., Oxford, 1987. [all data]

Anonymous, 1988
Anonymous, X., , NBS Spec. Publ. (U. S.) 260, 1988. [all data]

Williams, Carpenter, et al., 1998
Williams, W.W.; Carpenter, D.L.; Covington, A.M.; Koepnick, M.C.; Calabrese, D.; Thompson, J.S., Laser photodetachment electron spectrometry of Ga-, J. Phys. B: Atom. Mol. Opt. Phys., 1998, 31, 8, L341-L345, https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/31/8/003 . [all data]

Cha, Ganteför, et al., 1994
Cha, C.-Y.; Ganteför, G.; Eberhardt, W., The Development of the 3p and 4p Valence Band of Small Aluminum and Gallium Clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1994, 100, 2, 995, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.466582 . [all data]

Feldmann, Rackwitz, et al., 1977
Feldmann, D.; Rackwitz, R.; Heincke, H.; Kaiser, H.J., Photoabsolung von Elektronen der Ionen B-, Ga-, In-, Tl-, Ge-, und Pb-, Z. Naturforschung A, 1977, 32, 302. [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L., Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]

Hirayama, Straw, et al., 1985
Hirayama, C.; Straw, R.D.; Hobgood, H.M., Equilibria over gas in the Knudsen cell range, J. Less-Common Met., 1985, 109, 331. [all data]

Kleinschmidt and Hildenbrand, 1978
Kleinschmidt, P.D.; Hildenbrand, D.L., Dissociation energies of CaI, SrI, and BaI from high temperature mass spectrometry, J. Chem. Phys., 1978, 68, 2819. [all data]

Piacente and Balducci, 1974
Piacente, V.; Balducci, G., The dissociation energy of the molecule GaSb, High Temp. Sci., 1974, 6, 254. [all data]

Gingerich and Piacente, 1971
Gingerich, K.A.; Piacente, V., Gaseous phosphorus compounds. IV. Thermodynamic study of gallium monophosphide with a mass spectrometer and dissociation energy of aluminum diphosphide, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 2498. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]

Johansson and Litzen, 1967
Johansson, I.; Litzen, U., The term systems of the neutral gallium and indium atorns derived from new measurements in the infrared region, Ark. Fys., 1967, 34, 573. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References