cobalt


Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas101.98kcal/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in September, 1967
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar42.904cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in September, 1967

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Temperature (K) 3184.943 to 6000.
A 9.737871
B -2.021201
C 0.368042
D -0.015581
E -2.664771
F 94.94410
G 50.88841
H 101.9780
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in September, 1967

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid4.302kcal/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in September, 1967
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid,1 bar9.799cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in September, 1967
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
solid7.187cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in September, 1967

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Temperature (K) 1768. to 3184.943
A 10.90190
B -0.909892
C 0.246534
D -0.023112
E -0.796545
F -1.944360
G 18.64700
H 4.303060
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in September, 1967

Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Temperature (K) 298. to 700.700. to 1394.1394. to 1768.
A 2.627701-48.89484-2968.188
B 12.99594123.22713663.098
C -13.26797-100.7529-1693.870
D 6.17041230.96511278.9938
E 0.0393244.284585793.4441
F -1.12411622.613652423.207
G 7.248041-65.21415-2503.059
H 0.0000000.0000000.000000
ReferenceChase, 1998Chase, 1998Chase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in September, 1967 Data last reviewed in September, 1967 Data last reviewed in September, 1967

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Cobalt, tetracarbonylhydro- (g) = 0.5Hydrogen (g) + 4Carbon monoxide (g) + cobalt (cr)

By formula: C4HCoO4 (g) = 0.5H2 (g) + 4CO (g) + Co (cr)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr30.38 ± 0.50kcal/molEqGBronshstein, Gankin, et al., 1966Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977 and Cox and Pilcher, 1970. Temperature range: ca. 423-533 K; MS

C12Co4O12 (cr) = 12Carbon monoxide (g) + 4cobalt (cr)

By formula: C12Co4O12 (cr) = 12CO (g) + 4Co (cr)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr123.8 ± 3.3kcal/molTD-HFCConnor, Skinner, et al., 1973MS
Δr123.4 ± 3.3kcal/molHAL-HFCConnor, Skinner, et al., 1973MS

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 10cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 11cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 10Co) + Co = (Co+ • 11Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
78.6 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 11cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 12cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 11Co) + Co = (Co+ • 12Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
83.9 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 12cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 13cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 12Co) + Co = (Co+ • 13Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
72.4 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 13cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 14cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 13Co) + Co = (Co+ • 14Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
90.8 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 14cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 15cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 14Co) + Co = (Co+ • 15Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
84.8 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 15cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 16cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 15Co) + Co = (Co+ • 16Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
82.7 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 16cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 17cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 16Co) + Co = (Co+ • 17Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
88.7 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 9cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 10cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 9Co) + Co = (Co+ • 10Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
75.0 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 2cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 3cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 2Co) + Co = (Co+ • 3Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
49.0 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 3cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 4cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 3Co) + Co = (Co+ • 4Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
65.5 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 4cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 5cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 4Co) + Co = (Co+ • 5Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
76.2 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 5cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 6cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 5Co) + Co = (Co+ • 6Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
67.6 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 6cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 7cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 6Co) + Co = (Co+ • 7Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
72.4 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 7cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 8cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 7Co) + Co = (Co+ • 8Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
67.6 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • 8cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 9cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • 8Co) + Co = (Co+ • 9Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
68.1 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(Cobalt ion (1+) • cobalt) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • 2cobalt)

By formula: (Co+ • Co) + Co = (Co+ • 2Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
48.1 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

Dicobalt octacarbonyl (cr) = 8Carbon monoxide (g) + 2cobalt (cr)

By formula: C8Co2O8 (cr) = 8CO (g) + 2Co (cr)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr87.0 ± 2.0kcal/molTD-HFCConnor, Skinner, et al., 1973Please also see Pedley and Rylance, 1977.; MS

Cobalt ion (1+) + cobalt = (Cobalt ion (1+) • cobalt)

By formula: Co+ + Co = (Co+ • Co)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
63.8 CIDArmentrout and Kickel, 1994gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

(CAS Reg. No. 104120-67-4 • 4294967295cobalt) + cobalt = CAS Reg. No. 104120-67-4

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 104120-67-4 • 4294967295Co) + Co = CAS Reg. No. 104120-67-4

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr50.1 ± 2.1kcal/molN/ALeopold and Lineberger, 1986gas phase; B

(CAS Reg. No. 64899-90-7 • 4294967295cobalt) + cobalt = CAS Reg. No. 64899-90-7

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 64899-90-7 • 4294967295Co) + Co = CAS Reg. No. 64899-90-7

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr37.7 ± 3.1kcal/molN/AMiller, Feigerle, et al., 1987gas phase; B

cyclopentadienide anion + cobalt = C5H5Co-

By formula: C5H5- + Co = C5H5Co-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr7.00 ± 0.60kcal/molN/ASunderlin and Squires, 1999gas phase; B

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Co+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)7.8810eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)177.5kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity172.0kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.66330 ± 0.00061N/AScheer, Brodie, et al., 1998B
0.6620 ± 0.0030LPESLeopold and Lineberger, 1986B
0.662 ± 0.010LPESCorderman, Engelking, et al., 1979B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
7.8810EVALLide, 1992LL
7.8810LSPage and Gudeman, 1990LL
7.864SKelly, 1987LBLHLM
7.86 ± 0.06SSugar and Corliss, 1985LBLHLM
7.86PEDyke, Gravenor, et al., 1982LBLHLM
7.86SMoore, 1970RDSH

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Bronshstein, Gankin, et al., 1966
Bronshstein, Yu.E.; Gankin, V.Yu.; Krinkin, D.P.; Rudkovskii, D.M., Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1966, 40, 802. [all data]

Pedley and Rylance, 1977
Pedley, J.B.; Rylance, J., Computer Analysed Thermochemical Data: Organic and Organometallic Compounds, University of Sussex, Brigton, 1977. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds in Academic Press, New York, 1970. [all data]

Connor, Skinner, et al., 1973
Connor, J.A.; Skinner, H.A.; Virmani, Y., High temperature microcalorimetric studies of the thermal decomposition and iodination of polynuclear carbonyls of Fe, Co, Ru, Rh, Re, Os and Ir, Faraday Symp. Chem. Soc., 1973, 8, 18, https://doi.org/10.1039/fs9730800018 . [all data]

Armentrout and Kickel, 1994
Armentrout, P.B.; Kickel, B.L., Gas Phase Thermochemistry of Transition Metal Ligand Systems: Reassessment of Values and Periodic Trends, in Organometallic Ion Chemistry, B. S. Freiser, ed, 1994. [all data]

Leopold and Lineberger, 1986
Leopold, D.G.; Lineberger, W.C., A study of the low-lying electronic states of Fe2 and Co2 by negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 85, 51. [all data]

Miller, Feigerle, et al., 1987
Miller, A.E.S.; Feigerle, C.S.; Lineberger, W.C., Laser photoelectron spectroscopy of CrH-, CoH-, and NiH-: Periodic trends in the electronic structure of the transition-metal hydrides, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 1549. [all data]

Sunderlin and Squires, 1999
Sunderlin, L.S.; Squires, R.R., Bond strengths in cyclopentadienyl metal carbonyl anions, Int. J. Mass Spectrom., 1999, 183, 149-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-3806(98)14230-6 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Scheer, Brodie, et al., 1998
Scheer, M.; Brodie, C.A.; Bilodeau, R.C.; Haugen, H.K., Laser spectroscopic measurements of binding energies and fine-structure splittings of Co-, Ni-, Rh-, and Pd-, Phys. Rev. A, 1998, 58, 3, 2051-2062, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.58.2051 . [all data]

Corderman, Engelking, et al., 1979
Corderman, R.R.; Engelking, P.C.; Lineberger, W.C., Laser photoelectron spectrometry of Co- and Ni-, J. Chem. Phys., 1979, 70, 4474. [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Page and Gudeman, 1990
Page, R.H.; Gudeman, C.S., Completing the iron period: Double-resonance, fluorescence-dip rydberg spectroscopy and ionization potentials of titanium, vanadium, iron, cobalt, and nickel, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 1990, 1761. [all data]

Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L., Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]

Sugar and Corliss, 1985
Sugar, J.; Corliss, C., Atomic energy levels of the iron period elements: Potassium through nickel, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1985, 14. [all data]

Dyke, Gravenor, et al., 1982
Dyke, J.M.; Gravenor, B.W.J.; Lewis, R.A.; Morris, A., Gas-phase high temperature photoelectron spectroscopy: An investigation of the transition metals iron, cobalt, and nickel, J. Phys. B:, 1982, 15, 4523. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References