sodium

Formula: Na
Molecular weight: 22.98976928
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/Na
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 7440-23-5
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Gas phase thermochemistry data
Data at other public NIST sites:
Options:
- Switch to calorie-based units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_liquid	2.41	kJ/mol	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in June, 1962
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_{liquid,1 bar}	57.86	J/mol*K	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in June, 1962
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_{solid,1 bar}	51.30 ± 0.20	J/mol*K	Review	Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984	CODATA Review value
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_solid	51.46	J/mol*K	Review	Chase, 1998	Data last reviewed in June, 1962

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K)	370.98 to 1170.525
A	40.25707
B	-28.23849
C	20.69402
D	-3.641872
E	-0.079874
F	-8.782300
G	113.6646
H	2.406001
Reference	Chase, 1998
Comment	Data last reviewed in June, 1962

Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K)	298. to 370.
A	72.63675
B	-9.491572
C	-730.9322
D	1414.518
E	-1.259377
F	-21.79467
G	155.0963
H	0.000000
Reference	Chase, 1998
Comment	Data last reviewed in June, 1962

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	1156.	K	N/A	Honig and Kramer, 1969	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	370.96	K	N/A	Marsh, 1987	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; recommended as fixed point for thermometry; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	370.98	K	N/A	Honig and Kramer, 1969	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; TRC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
924. to 1118.0	2.46077	1873.728	-416.372	Rodebush and Walters, 1930	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

0.5 (solution) + sodium (cr) = C₈H₅CrNaO₃ (solution)

By formula: 0.5C₁₆H₁₀Cr₂O₆ (solution) + Na (cr) = C₈H₅CrNaO₃ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-285.1 ± 3.6	kJ/mol	RSC	Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994	solvent: Tetrahydrofuran; The reaction enthalpy was calculated from the enthalpies of the following reactions: 0.5[Cr(Cp)(CO)3]2(solution) + (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) = (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)3](solution) + Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution), -34.9 ± 0.4 kJ/mol, Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution) + (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution) = (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) + Ph2CO(solution), -89.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol, and Ph2CO(solution) + Na(cr) = (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution), -161.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994.; MS

0.5C₁₆H₁₀Mo₂O₆ (solution) + sodium (cr) = C₈H₅MoNaO₃ (solution)

By formula: 0.5C₁₆H₁₀Mo₂O₆ (solution) + Na (cr) = C₈H₅MoNaO₃ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-265.5 ± 3.6	kJ/mol	RSC	Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994	solvent: Tetrahydrofuran; The reaction enthalpy was calculated from the enthalpies of the following reactions: 0.5[Mo(Cp)(CO)3]2(solution) + (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) = (Na)[Mo(Cp)(CO)3](solution) + Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution), -15.3 ± 0.4 kJ/mol, Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution) + (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution) = (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) + Ph2CO(solution), -89.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol, and Ph2CO(solution) + Na(cr) = (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution), -161.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994.; MS

0.5C₂₆H₃₀Mo₂O₆ (solution) + sodium (cr) = C₁₃H₁₅MoNaO₃ (solution)

By formula: 0.5C₂₆H₃₀Mo₂O₆ (solution) + Na (cr) = C₁₃H₁₅MoNaO₃ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-250.6 ± 6.0	kJ/mol	RSC	Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994	solvent: Tetrahydrofuran; The reaction enthalpy was calculated from the enthalpies of the following reactions: 0.5[Mo(Cp)(CO)3]2(solution) + (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) = (Na)[Mo(Cp)(CO)3](solution) + Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution), Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution) + (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution) = (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) + Ph2CO(solution), -89.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol, and Ph2CO(solution) + Na(cr) = (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution), -161.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994.; MS

0.5C₁₆H₁₀O₆W₂ (solution) + sodium (cr) = C₈H₅NaO₃W (solution)

By formula: 0.5C₁₆H₁₀O₆W₂ (solution) + Na (cr) = C₈H₅NaO₃W (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-258.2 ± 6.0	kJ/mol	RSC	Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994	solvent: Tetrahydrofuran; The reaction enthalpy was calculated from the enthalpies of the following reactions: 0.5[W(Cp)(CO)3]2(solution) + (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) = (Na)[W(Cp)(CO)3](solution) + Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution), Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)(solution) + (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution) = (Na)[Cr(Cp)(CO)2(PPh3)](solution) + Ph2CO(solution), -89.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol, and Ph2CO(solution) + Na(cr) = (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution), -161.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994.; MS

0.5 (solution) + sodium (cr) = C₄CoNaO₄ (solution)

By formula: 0.5C₈Co₂O₈ (solution) + Na (cr) = C₄CoNaO₄ (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-318. ± 11.	kJ/mol	RSC	Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994	solvent: Tetrahydrofuran; The reaction enthalpy was calculated from the enthalpies of the following reactions: 0.5Co2(CO)8(solution) + (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution) = (Na)[Co(CO)4](solution) + Ph2CO(solution), -157. ± 11. kJ/mol, and Ph2CO(solution) + Na(cr) = (Na)(Ph2CO)(solution), -161.1 ± 2.5 kJ/mol Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994.; MS

4 sodium + = 2 + + 3

By formula: 4Na + C₂ClF₃ = 2C + ClNa + 3FNa

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-1576.1 ± 5.4	kJ/mol	Cm	Kolesov, Zenkov, et al., 1963	gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -1543. ± 5.4 kJ/mol; ALS

(CAS Reg. No. 58799-98-7 • 4294967295 sodium ) + sodium = CAS Reg. No. 58799-98-7

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 58799-98-7 • 4294967295Na) + Na = CAS Reg. No. 58799-98-7

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.7 ± 3.0	kJ/mol	N/A	McHugh, Eaton, et al., 1989	gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 0.543±0.010 eV; B

+ 4 sodium = 4 + 8

By formula: C₄F₈ + 4Na = 4C + 8FNa

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-2989. ± 9.2	kJ/mol	Ccb	Kolesov, Talakin, et al., 1968	gas phase; Correction of Kolesov, Talakin, et al., 1964; ALS

( • 8 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 9 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 8Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 9Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	75.3	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; Δ_rH<; M

(CAS Reg. No. 67291-87-6 • 4294967295 sodium ) + sodium = CAS Reg. No. 67291-87-6

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 67291-87-6 • 4294967295Na) + Na = CAS Reg. No. 67291-87-6

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	126.8 ± 2.5	kJ/mol	N/A	Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986	gas phase; B

(CAS Reg. No. 71892-04-1 • 4294967295 sodium ) + sodium = CAS Reg. No. 71892-04-1

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 71892-04-1 • 4294967295Na) + Na = CAS Reg. No. 71892-04-1

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	199.9 ± 1.3	kJ/mol	N/A	Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986	gas phase; B

(solution) + sodium (cr) = C₁₃H₁₀NaO (solution)

By formula: C₁₃H₁₀O (solution) + Na (cr) = C₁₃H₁₀NaO (solution)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-161.1 ± 2.5	kJ/mol	RSC	Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994	solvent: Tetrahydrofuran; MS

( • 4294967295 sodium ) + sodium =

By formula: (I^- • 4294967295Na) + Na = I^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.0 ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986	gas phase; B

(CAS Reg. No. 70377-22-9 • 4294967295 sodium ) + sodium = CAS Reg. No. 70377-22-9

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 70377-22-9 • 4294967295Na) + Na = CAS Reg. No. 70377-22-9

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	114. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	N/A	Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986	gas phase; B

( • 10 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 11 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 10Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 11Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	65.7	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 11 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 12 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 11Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 12Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 12 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 13 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 12Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 13Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	69.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 13 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 14 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 13Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 14Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	76.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 14 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 15 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 14Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 15Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	66.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 15 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 16 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 15Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 16Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	79.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 16 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 17 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 16Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 17Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.8	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 17 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 18 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 17Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 18Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 18 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 19 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 18Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 19Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 19 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 20 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 19Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 20Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	89.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 22 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 23 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 22Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 23Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	71.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 23 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 24 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 23Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 24Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	79.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 24 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 25 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 24Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 25Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	76.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 25 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 26 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 25Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 26Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	81.2	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 26 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 27 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 26Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 27Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	76.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 27 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 28 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 27Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 28Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	84.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 28 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 29 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 28Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 29Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.8	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 29 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 30 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 29Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 30Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	85.8	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 30 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 31 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 30Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 31Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	81.2	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 31 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 32 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 31Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 32Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.9	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 32 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 33 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 32Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 33Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	88.7	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 33 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 34 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 33Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 34Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	91.6	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 34 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 35 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 34Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 35Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 35 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 36 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 35Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 36Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 9 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 10 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 9Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 10Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	75.3	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 2 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 3 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 2Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 3Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 3 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 4 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 3Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 4Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	84.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 4 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 5 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 4Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 5Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	57.7	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 5 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 6 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 5Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 6Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	110.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 6 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 7 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 6Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 7Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	73.2	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 7 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 8 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 7Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 8Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	126.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • sodium ) + sodium = ( • 2 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 2Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	133.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

4 sodium + = + 4

By formula: 4Na + CF₄ = C + 4FNa

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-1362. ± 9.2	kJ/mol	Ccb	Vorob'ev and Skuratov, 1960	gas phase; ALS

+ 4 sodium = 4 + 2

By formula: C₂F₄ + 4Na = 4FNa + 2C

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-1611. ± 4.6	kJ/mol	Cm	Kolesov, Zenkov, et al., 1962	gas phase; ALS

8 sodium + = 3 + 8

By formula: 8Na + C₃F₈ = 3C + 8FNa

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	-2761. ± 7.1	kJ/mol	Ccb	Kolesov, Talakin, et al., 1967	gas phase; ALS

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Na⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
IE (evaluated)	5.13908	eV	N/A	N/A	L

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
0.5480 ± 0.0040	LPES	Patterson, Hotop, et al., 1974	B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
5.13908	EVAL	Lide, 1992	LL
5.139	S	Kelly, 1987	LBLHLM
5.14 ± 0.04	PI	Peterson, Dao, et al., 1984	LBLHLM
5.2	EI	Zmbov, Wu, et al., 1977	LLK
5.6 ± 0.3	EI	Gingerich and Miller, 1975	LLK
5.6 ± 0.2	EI	Semenov, Volkov, et al., 1973	LLK
5.3 ± 0.2	EI	Piacente and Gingerich, 1972	LLK
5.139	S	Moore, 1970	RDSH

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

( • 4294967295 sodium ) + sodium =

By formula: (I^- • 4294967295Na) + Na = I^-

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.0 ± 9.6	kJ/mol	N/A	Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986	gas phase; B

( • sodium ) + sodium = ( • 2 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 2Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	133.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 2 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 3 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 2Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 3Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	56.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 3 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 4 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 3Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 4Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	84.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 4 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 5 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 4Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 5Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	57.7	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 5 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 6 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 5Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 6Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	110.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 6 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 7 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 6Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 7Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	73.2	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 7 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 8 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 7Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 8Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	126.	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 8 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 9 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 8Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 9Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	75.3	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; Δ_rH<; M

( • 9 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 10 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 9Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 10Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	75.3	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 10 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 11 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 10Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 11Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	65.7	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 11 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 12 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 11Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 12Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 12 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 13 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 12Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 13Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	69.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 13 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 14 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 13Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 14Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	76.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 14 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 15 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 14Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 15Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	66.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 15 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 16 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 15Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 16Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	79.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 16 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 17 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 16Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 17Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.8	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 17 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 18 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 17Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 18Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 18 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 19 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 18Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 19Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 19 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 20 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 19Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 20Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	89.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 22 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 23 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 22Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 23Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	71.5	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 23 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 24 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 23Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 24Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	79.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 24 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 25 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 24Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 25Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	76.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 25 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 26 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 25Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 26Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	81.2	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 26 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 27 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 26Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 27Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	76.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 27 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 28 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 27Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 28Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	84.1	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 28 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 29 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 28Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 29Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.8	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 29 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 30 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 29Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 30Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	85.8	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 30 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 31 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 30Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 31Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	81.2	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 31 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 32 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 31Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 32Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.9	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 32 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 33 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 32Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 33Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	88.7	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 33 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 34 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 33Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 34Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	91.6	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 34 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 35 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 34Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 35Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	82.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

( • 35 sodium ) + sodium = ( • 36 sodium )

By formula: (Na⁺ • 35Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 36Na)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	87.0	kJ/mol	PDiss	Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989	gas phase; M

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Notes

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

Honig and Kramer, 1969
Honig, R.E.; Kramer, D.A., Vapor pressure data for the solid and liquid elements, RCA Rev., 1969, 1969, 285. [all data]

Marsh, 1987
Marsh, K.N., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Sci. Pub., Oxford, 1987. [all data]

Rodebush and Walters, 1930
Rodebush, W.H.; Walters, E.G., The Vapor Pressure and Vapor Density of Sodium, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1930, 52, 7, 2654-2665, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01370a011 . [all data]

Kiss, Nolan, et al., 1994
Kiss, G.; Nolan, S.P.; Hoff, C.D., Inorg. Chim. Acta, 1994, 227, 285. [all data]

Kolesov, Zenkov, et al., 1963
Kolesov, V.P.; Zenkov, I.D.; Skuratov, S.M., Standard enthalpy of formation of chlorotrifluoroethylene, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1963, 37, 115-116. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

McHugh, Eaton, et al., 1989
McHugh, K.M.; Eaton, J.G.; Lee, G.H.; Sarkas, H.W.; Kidder, L.H.; Snodgrass, J.T.; Manaa, M.R.; Bowen, K.H., Photoelectron Spectra of the alkali metal cluster Anions: Na-,n=2-5, K-,n=2-7, Rb-,n=2-3, and Cs-,n=2-3, J. Chem. Phys., 1989, 91, 6, 3792, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.456861 . [all data]

Kolesov, Talakin, et al., 1968
Kolesov, V.P.; Talakin, O.G.; Skuratov, S.M., Enthalpy of formation of some specimens of amorphous carbon, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1968, 42, 1218-1220. [all data]

Kolesov, Talakin, et al., 1964
Kolesov, V.P.; Talakin, O.G.; Skuratov, S.M., Standard enthalpy of formation of perfluorocyclobutane, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1964, 38, 930-931. [all data]

Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989
Brechignac, C.; Cahuzac, P.; Leygnier, J.; Weiner, J., Dynamics of Unimolecular Dissociation of Sodium Cluster Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1989, 90, 3, 1492, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.456675 . [all data]

Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986
Miller, T.M.; Leopold, D.G.; Murray, K.K.; Lineberger, W.C., Electron Affinities of the Alkali Halides and the Structure of their Negative Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 85, 5, 2368, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.451091 . [all data]

Vorob'ev and Skuratov, 1960
Vorob'ev, A.F.; Skuratov, S.M., Standard enthalpies of formation of CF₄, Zh. Neorg. Khim., 1960, 5, 1398-1401. [all data]

Kolesov, Zenkov, et al., 1962
Kolesov, V.P.; Zenkov, I.D.; Skuratov, S.M., The standard enthalpy of formation of tetrafluoroethylene, Russ. J. Phys. Chem. (Engl. Transl.), 1962, 36, 45-47. [all data]

Kolesov, Talakin, et al., 1967
Kolesov, V.P.; Talakin, O.G.; Skuratov, S.M., Standard enthalpy of formation of perfluoropropane and enthalpies of formation of normal perfluoroalkanes, Vestn. Mosk. Univ. Khim., 1967, 22, 38-42. [all data]

Patterson, Hotop, et al., 1974
Patterson, T.A.; Hotop, H.; Kasdan, A.; Norcross, D.W.; Lineberger, W.C., Resonances in Alkali Negative-Ion Photodetachment and Electron Affinities of the Corresponding Neutrals, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1974, 32, 5, 189, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.32.189 . [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L., Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]

Peterson, Dao, et al., 1984
Peterson, K.I.; Dao, P.D.; Farley, R.W.; Castleman, A.W., Jr., Photoionization of sodium clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 80, 1780. [all data]

Zmbov, Wu, et al., 1977
Zmbov, K.F.; Wu, C.H.; Ihle, H.R., A mass spectrometric study of heteronuclear diatomic alkali metal molecules. Dissociation energies ionization potentials of NaLi, KLi, NaK, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 67, 4603. [all data]

Gingerich and Miller, 1975
Gingerich, K.A.; Miller, F., Thermodynamic study of gaseous sodium-phosphorus-oxygen ternary molecules by high temperature mass spectrometry, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 1211. [all data]

Semenov, Volkov, et al., 1973
Semenov, G.A.; Volkov, A.D.; Franktseva, K.E., Mass-spectrometric study of sodium carbonate vaporization, Tr. Leningrad. Tekhnol. Inst. Tsellyul. Bum. Prom., 1973, 30, 153. [all data]

Piacente and Gingerich, 1972
Piacente, V.; Gingerich, K.A., Thermodynamic study of the molecule NaAg with a mass spectrometer, High Temp. Sci., 1972, 4, 312. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References

Symbols used in this document:

EA	Electron affinity
IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
S°_{liquid,1 bar}	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions (1 bar)
S°_solid	Entropy of solid at standard conditions
S°_{solid,1 bar}	Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar)
T_boil	Boiling point
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
Δ_fH°_liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.