sodium

• Formula: Na
• Molecular weight: 22.98976928
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/Na Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7440-23-5
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Lines Holdings (on physics web site)
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Levels Holdings (on physics web site)
  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Ground states and ionization energies (on physics web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Na⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

( • 4294967295) +  =

By formula: (I^- • 4294967295Na) + Na = I^-

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (Na⁺ • Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 2Na)

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 2Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 3Na)

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 3Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 4Na)

( • 4) +  = ( • 5)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 4Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 5Na)

( • 5) +  = ( • 6)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 5Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 6Na)

( • 6) +  = ( • 7)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 6Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 7Na)

( • 7) +  = ( • 8)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 7Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 8Na)

( • 8) +  = ( • 9)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 8Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 9Na)

( • 9) +  = ( • 10)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 9Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 10Na)

( • 10) +  = ( • 11)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 10Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 11Na)

( • 11) +  = ( • 12)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 11Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 12Na)

( • 12) +  = ( • 13)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 12Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 13Na)

( • 13) +  = ( • 14)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 13Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 14Na)

( • 14) +  = ( • 15)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 14Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 15Na)

( • 15) +  = ( • 16)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 15Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 16Na)

( • 16) +  = ( • 17)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 16Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 17Na)

( • 17) +  = ( • 18)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 17Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 18Na)

( • 18) +  = ( • 19)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 18Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 19Na)

( • 19) +  = ( • 20)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 19Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 20Na)

( • 22) +  = ( • 23)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 22Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 23Na)

( • 23) +  = ( • 24)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 23Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 24Na)

( • 24) +  = ( • 25)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 24Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 25Na)

( • 25) +  = ( • 26)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 25Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 26Na)

( • 26) +  = ( • 27)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 26Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 27Na)

( • 27) +  = ( • 28)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 27Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 28Na)

( • 28) +  = ( • 29)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 28Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 29Na)

( • 29) +  = ( • 30)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 29Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 30Na)

( • 30) +  = ( • 31)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 30Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 31Na)

( • 31) +  = ( • 32)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 31Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 32Na)

( • 32) +  = ( • 33)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 32Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 33Na)

( • 33) +  = ( • 34)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 33Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 34Na)

( • 34) +  = ( • 35)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 34Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 35Na)

( • 35) +  = ( • 36)

By formula: (Na⁺ • 35Na) + Na = (Na⁺ • 36Na)

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Honig and Kramer, 1969
Honig, R.E.; Kramer, D.A., Vapor pressure data for the solid and liquid elements, RCA Rev., 1969, 1969, 285. [all data]

Marsh, 1987
Marsh, K.N., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Sci. Pub., Oxford, 1987. [all data]

Rodebush and Walters, 1930
Rodebush, W.H.; Walters, E.G., The Vapor Pressure and Vapor Density of Sodium, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1930, 52, 7, 2654-2665, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01370a011 . [all data]

Patterson, Hotop, et al., 1974
Patterson, T.A.; Hotop, H.; Kasdan, A.; Norcross, D.W.; Lineberger, W.C., Resonances in Alkali Negative-Ion Photodetachment and Electron Affinities of the Corresponding Neutrals, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1974, 32, 5, 189, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.32.189 . [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L., Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]

Peterson, Dao, et al., 1984
Peterson, K.I.; Dao, P.D.; Farley, R.W.; Castleman, A.W., Jr., Photoionization of sodium clusters, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 80, 1780. [all data]

Zmbov, Wu, et al., 1977
Zmbov, K.F.; Wu, C.H.; Ihle, H.R., A mass spectrometric study of heteronuclear diatomic alkali metal molecules. Dissociation energies ionization potentials of NaLi, KLi, NaK, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 67, 4603. [all data]

Gingerich and Miller, 1975
Gingerich, K.A.; Miller, F., Thermodynamic study of gaseous sodium-phosphorus-oxygen ternary molecules by high temperature mass spectrometry, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 1211. [all data]

Semenov, Volkov, et al., 1973
Semenov, G.A.; Volkov, A.D.; Franktseva, K.E., Mass-spectrometric study of sodium carbonate vaporization, Tr. Leningrad. Tekhnol. Inst. Tsellyul. Bum. Prom., 1973, 30, 153. [all data]

Piacente and Gingerich, 1972
Piacente, V.; Gingerich, K.A., Thermodynamic study of the molecule NaAg with a mass spectrometer, High Temp. Sci., 1972, 4, 312. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]

Miller, Leopold, et al., 1986
Miller, T.M.; Leopold, D.G.; Murray, K.K.; Lineberger, W.C., Electron Affinities of the Alkali Halides and the Structure of their Negative Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 85, 5, 2368, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.451091 . [all data]

Brechignac, Cahuzac, et al., 1989
Brechignac, C.; Cahuzac, P.; Leygnier, J.; Weiner, J., Dynamics of Unimolecular Dissociation of Sodium Cluster Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1989, 90, 3, 1492, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.456675 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  EA	Electron affinity
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°gas,1 bar	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
  S°liquid,1 bar	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions (1 bar)
  S°solid	Entropy of solid at standard conditions
  S°solid,1 bar	Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar)
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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