lithium

• Formula: Li
• Molecular weight: 6.941
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/Li Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 7439-93-2
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
• Data at other public NIST sites:
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  • NIST Atomic Spectra Database - Ground states and ionization energies (on physics web site)
  • Electron-Impact Ionization Cross Sections (on physics web site)
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (bar)
    T = temperature (K)

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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to Li⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Hicks, 1963
Hicks, W.T., Evaluation of Vapor-Pressure Data of Mercury, Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium, J. Chem. Phys., 1963, 38, 8, 1873-1880, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1733889 . [all data]

Hartmann and Schneider, 1929
Hartmann, H.; Schneider, R., Die Siedetemperaturen von Magnesium, Calcium, Strontium, Barium and Lithium, Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 1929, 180, 1, 275-283, https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19291800129 . [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Dugourd, Rayane, et al., 1992
Dugourd, P.; Rayane, D.; Labastie, P.; Vezin, B.; Chevaleyre, J.; Broyer, M., Measurements of lithium cluster ionization potentials, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1992, 197, 433. [all data]

Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L., Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]

Nakagawa, Asano, et al., 1981
Nakagawa, H.; Asano, M.; Kubo, K., Mass spectrometric study of the vaporization of lithium metasilicate, J. Nucl. Mater., 1981, 102, 292. [all data]

Zmbov, Wu, et al., 1977
Zmbov, K.F.; Wu, C.H.; Ihle, H.R., A mass spectrometric study of heteronuclear diatomic alkali metal molecules. Dissociation energies ionization potentials of NaLi, KLi, NaK, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 67, 4603. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°gas,1 bar	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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