lead

Data at NIST subscription sites:

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.


Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas46.7 ± 0.2kcal/molReviewCox, Wagman, et al., 1984CODATA Review value
Δfgas46.654kcal/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1962
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar41.916 ± 0.001cal/mol*KReviewCox, Wagman, et al., 1984CODATA Review value
gas,1 bar41.914cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1962

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K) 2019.022 to 6000.
A -20.47290
B 16.55870
C -3.182959
D 0.200772
E 17.48260
F 79.67220
G 40.64080
H 46.65399
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in March, 1962

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid1.02kcal/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1962
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid,1 bar17.14cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1962
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
solid,1 bar15.49 ± 0.072cal/mol*KReviewCox, Wagman, et al., 1984CODATA Review value
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
solid15.48cal/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in March, 1962

Liquid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K) 600.6 to 2019.022
A 9.083292
B -3.494859
C 1.734100
D -0.246981
E -0.079057
F -1.898740
G 28.39369
H 1.023660
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in March, 1962

Solid Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

View table.

Temperature (K) 298. to 600.6
A 5.978609
B 1.300631
C 0.970690
D -0.295462
E -0.002547
F -1.857691
G 22.27510
H 0.000000
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in March, 1962

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus600.64KN/AAnonymous, 1988Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.005 K; nominal value, from the catalog
Tfus600.08KN/ACallanan, Sullivan, et al., 1985Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Pb+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)7.4167 ± 0.00003eVN/AN/AL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.3650 ± 0.0080LPESFeigerle, Corderman, et al., 1981B
<0.500002PDFeldmann, Rackwitz, et al., 1977B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
7.6 ± 0.2EIMakarov and Zbezhneva, 1993LL
7.41673 ± 0.00006LSMa, Hui, et al., 1992LL
7.41666EVALLide, 1992LL
7.4 ± 0.4EISemenikhin, Rykov, et al., 1983LBLHLM
7.41666 ± 0.00002SBrown, Tilford, et al., 1977LLK
7.42 ± 0.01PESuzer, Banna, et al., 1975LLK
7.416SWood and Andrew, 1968RDSH

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Anonymous, 1988
Anonymous, X., , NBS Spec. Publ. (U. S.) 260, 1988. [all data]

Callanan, Sullivan, et al., 1985
Callanan, J.E.; Sullivan, S.A.; Vecchia, D.F., Feasibility Study for the Development of Standards Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Natl. Bur. Stand. Spec. Publ. 260-99 1985, 1985. [all data]

Feigerle, Corderman, et al., 1981
Feigerle, C.S.; Corderman, R.R.; Lineberger, W.C., Electron affinities of B, Al, Bi, and Pb, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 2, 1513, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.441174 . [all data]

Feldmann, Rackwitz, et al., 1977
Feldmann, D.; Rackwitz, R.; Heincke, H.; Kaiser, H.J., Photoabsolung von Elektronen der Ionen B-, Ga-, In-, Tl-, Ge-, und Pb-, Z. Naturforschung A, 1977, 32, 302. [all data]

Makarov and Zbezhneva, 1993
Makarov, A.V.; Zbezhneva, S.G., Use of high-temperature mass spectrometry for analysis of the vapour phase of some substances used in film deposition, Vysokochist. Veshchestva, 1993, 1, 124. [all data]

Ma, Hui, et al., 1992
Ma, W.Y.; Hui, Q.; Li, L.Q.; Zhao, W.Z.; Wen, K.L.; Chen, D.Y., RIS studies of Rydberg structures of the lead atom, Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser., 1992, 128(2), 75. [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Semenikhin, Rykov, et al., 1983
Semenikhin, V.I.; Rykov, A.N.; Sidorov, L.N., Mass spectrometric study of the evaporation of lead monoxide, Russ. J. Phys. Chem., 1983, 47, 1008, In original 1663. [all data]

Brown, Tilford, et al., 1977
Brown, C.M.; Tilford, S.G.; Ginter, M.L., Absorption spectrum of Pb I between 1350 and 2041 Å, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1977, 67, 1240. [all data]

Suzer, Banna, et al., 1975
Suzer, S.; Banna, M.S.; Shirley, D.A., Relativistic and correlation effects in the 21.2-eV photoemission spectrum of atomic lead, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 63, 3473. [all data]

Wood and Andrew, 1968
Wood, D.R.; Andrew, K.L., Arc spectrum of lead, J. Opt. Soc. Am., 1968, 58, 818. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References