Aluminum

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfgas330.0 ± 4.0kJ/molReviewCox, Wagman, et al., 1984CODATA Review value
Δfgas329.70kJ/molReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1983
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
gas,1 bar164.554 ± 0.004J/mol*KReviewCox, Wagman, et al., 1984CODATA Review value
gas,1 bar164.57J/mol*KReviewChase, 1998Data last reviewed in June, 1983

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 + E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 + C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 − E/(2*t2) + G
    Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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View table.

Temperature (K) 2790.812 to 6000.
A 20.37692
B 0.660817
C -0.313631
D 0.045106
E 0.078173
F 323.8575
G 189.4808
H 329.6992
ReferenceChase, 1998
Comment Data last reviewed in June, 1983

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C72H100CoN18O17P (solution) = Cyanocobalamin (solution) + Aluminum (solution)

By formula: C72H100CoN18O17P (solution) = C63H88CoN14O14P (solution) + Al (solution)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr124. ± 20.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 5 out of 6 values; Individual data points

(CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1 • 4294967295Aluminum) + Aluminum = CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr426.3 ± 7.5kJ/molN/ANakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.75±0.04 eV; B

(CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2 • 4294967295Aluminum) + Aluminum = CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr168. ± 22.kJ/molN/ANakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.14±0.11 eV; B

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 10Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 11Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 10Al) + Al = (Al+ • 11Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr300.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 11Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 12Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 11Al) + Al = (Al+ • 12Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr340.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 12Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 13Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 12Al) + Al = (Al+ • 13Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr300.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 13Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 14Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 13Al) + Al = (Al+ • 14Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr250.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 14Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 15Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 14Al) + Al = (Al+ • 15Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr280.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 15Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 16Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 15Al) + Al = (Al+ • 16Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr290.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 9Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 10Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 9Al) + Al = (Al+ • 10Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr280.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 6Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 7Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 6Al) + Al = (Al+ • 7Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr180.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 8Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 9Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 8Al) + Al = (Al+ • 9Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr270.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7 • 4294967295Aluminum) + Aluminum = CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr305. ± 31.kJ/molN/AVillalta and Leopold, 2009gas phase; B

(CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2 • 4294967295Aluminum) + Aluminum = CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr177. ± 32.kJ/molN/ANakajima, Zhang, et al., 1995gas phase; B

(AlO- • 4294967295Aluminum) + Aluminum = AlO-

By formula: (AlO- • 4294967295Al) + Al = AlO-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr622. ± 27.kJ/molN/ADesai, Wu, et al., 1996gas phase; B

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 5Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 6Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 5Al) + Al = (Al+ • 6Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr431.4kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 2Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 3Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 2Al) + Al = (Al+ • 3Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr196.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 3Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 4Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 3Al) + Al = (Al+ • 4Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr248.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 4Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 5Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 4Al) + Al = (Al+ • 5Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr231.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 2Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • Al) + Al = (Al+ • 2Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr108.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

Aluminum ion (1+) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • Aluminum)

By formula: Al+ + Al = (Al+ • Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr87.0kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

View reactions leading to Al+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)5.98577eVN/AN/AL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
0.433816 ± 0.000044LPDScheer, Bilodeau, et al., 1998Given: 432.83(5) meV; B
0.442 ± 0.010LPESFeigerle, Corderman, et al., 1981B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
5.98577EVALLide, 1992LL
5.986SKelly, 1987LBLHLM
6.0 ± 0.2EIHo and Burns, 1980LLK
6.0 ± 0.3EIKleinschmidt and Hildenbrand, 1978LLK
6.0 ± 0.3PEHildenbrand, 1977LLK
6.0EIHildenbrand, 1977, 2LLK
6. ± 1.EIPaule, 1976LLK
6.6 ± 0.6EICocke and Gingerich, 1971LLK
5.986SMoore, 1970RDSH
5.98576 ± 0.000002SEriksson and Isberg, 1963RDSH

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

Aluminum ion (1+) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • Aluminum)

By formula: Al+ + Al = (Al+ • Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr87.0kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 2Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • Al) + Al = (Al+ • 2Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr108.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 2Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 3Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 2Al) + Al = (Al+ • 3Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr196.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 3Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 4Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 3Al) + Al = (Al+ • 4Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr248.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 4Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 5Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 4Al) + Al = (Al+ • 5Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr231.kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 5Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 6Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 5Al) + Al = (Al+ • 6Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr431.4kJ/molCIDHanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987gas phase; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 6Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 7Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 6Al) + Al = (Al+ • 7Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr180.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 8Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 9Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 8Al) + Al = (Al+ • 9Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr270.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 9Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 10Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 9Al) + Al = (Al+ • 10Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr280.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 10Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 11Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 10Al) + Al = (Al+ • 11Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr300.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 11Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 12Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 11Al) + Al = (Al+ • 12Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr340.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 12Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 13Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 12Al) + Al = (Al+ • 13Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr300.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 13Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 14Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 13Al) + Al = (Al+ • 14Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr250.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 14Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 15Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 14Al) + Al = (Al+ • 15Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr280.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(Aluminum ion (1+) • 15Aluminum) + Aluminum = (Aluminum ion (1+) • 16Aluminum)

By formula: (Al+ • 15Al) + Al = (Al+ • 16Al)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr290.kJ/molPDissJarrold, Ray, et al., 1990gas phase; from graph; M

(AlO- • 4294967295Aluminum) + Aluminum = AlO-

By formula: (AlO- • 4294967295Al) + Al = AlO-

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr622. ± 27.kJ/molN/ADesai, Wu, et al., 1996gas phase; B

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A., CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Nakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995
Nakajima, A.; Taguwa, T.; Nakao, K.; Hoshino, K.; Iwata, S.; Kaya, K., Photoelectron Spectroscopy of AlnS1- Clusters (n=1-9), J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 2, 660, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469178 . [all data]

Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990
Jarrold, M.F.; Ray, U.; Bower, J.E.; Creegan, K.M., Photodissociation of Metal Cluster Ions. Dissociation Energies and Optical Spectroscopy, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1990, 86, 13, 2537, https://doi.org/10.1039/ft9908602537 . [all data]

Villalta and Leopold, 2009
Villalta, P.W.; Leopold, D.G., A study of the ground and excited states of Al-3 and Al-3(-). I. 488 nm anion photoelectron spectrum, J. Chem. Phys., 2009, 130, 2, 024303, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2973625 . [all data]

Nakajima, Zhang, et al., 1995
Nakajima, A.; Zhang, N.; Kawamata, H.; Hayase, T.; Nakao, K.; Kaya, K., Photoelectron spectroscopy and mass distributions of aluminum-sulfur cluster anions (AlnSm-), Chem. Phys. Lett., 1995, 241, 4, 295, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(95)00653-L . [all data]

Desai, Wu, et al., 1996
Desai, S.R.; Wu, H.; Wang, L.-S., Vibrationally Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy of AlO- and AlO2-, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1996, 159, 1-3, 75, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1176(96)04443-6 . [all data]

Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987
Hanley, L.; Ruatta, S.A.; Anderson, S.L., Collision - Induced Dissciation of Aluminum Cluster Ions: Fragmentation Patterns, Bond Energies, and Structures for Al2+ - Al7+, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 87, 1, 260, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.453623 . [all data]

Scheer, Bilodeau, et al., 1998
Scheer, M.; Bilodeau, RC; Thogresen, J.; Haugen, HK, Threshold Photodetachment of Al-: Electron Affinity and Fine Structure, Phys. Rev. A, 1998, 57, 3, R1493-, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.57.R1493 . [all data]

Feigerle, Corderman, et al., 1981
Feigerle, C.S.; Corderman, R.R.; Lineberger, W.C., Electron affinities of B, Al, Bi, and Pb, J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 2, 1513, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.441174 . [all data]

Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor), Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]

Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L., Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]

Ho and Burns, 1980
Ho, P.; Burns, R.P., A mass spectrometric study of the AlO2 molecule, High Temp. Sci., 1980, 12, 31. [all data]

Kleinschmidt and Hildenbrand, 1978
Kleinschmidt, P.D.; Hildenbrand, D.L., Dissociation energies of CaI, SrI, and BaI from high temperature mass spectrometry, J. Chem. Phys., 1978, 68, 2819. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1977
Hildenbrand, D.L., Dissociation energies of CaBr, SrBr, BaBr, and BaCl from mass spectrometric studies of gaseous equilibria, J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 66, 3526. [all data]

Hildenbrand, 1977, 2
Hildenbrand, D.L., Dissociation energy of samarium monoxide and its relation to that of europium monoxide, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1977, 48, 340. [all data]

Paule, 1976
Paule, R.C., Mass spectrometric studies of Al2O3 vaporization processes, High Temp. Sci., 1976, 8, 257. [all data]

Cocke and Gingerich, 1971
Cocke, D.L.; Gingerich, K.A., Mass spectrometric determination of the dissociation energies of the molecules Ho2, HoAg, and HoAu, J. Phys. Chem., 1971, 75, 3264. [all data]

Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E., Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra, Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]

Eriksson and Isberg, 1963
Eriksson, K.B.S.; Isberg, H.B.S., The spectrum of atomic aluminium, Al I, Ark. Fys., 1963, 23, 527. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References