Aluminum
- Formula: Al
- Molecular weight: 26.9815386
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 7429-90-5
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file - Other names: Aluminium
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- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | 78.87 ± 0.96 | kcal/mol | Review | Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984 | CODATA Review value |
ΔfH°gas | 78.800 | kcal/mol | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1983 |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas,1 bar | 39.3294 ± 0.001 | cal/mol*K | Review | Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984 | CODATA Review value |
S°gas,1 bar | 39.333 | cal/mol*K | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in June, 1983 |
Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)
Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 +
E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 +
C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 −
E/(2*t2) + G
Cp = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | 2790.812 to 6000. |
---|---|
A | 4.870201 |
B | 0.157939 |
C | -0.074959 |
D | 0.010781 |
E | 0.018684 |
F | 77.40380 |
G | 45.28700 |
H | 78.80000 |
Reference | Chase, 1998 |
Comment | Data last reviewed in June, 1983 |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C72H100CoN18O17P (solution) = (solution) + (solution)
By formula: C72H100CoN18O17P (solution) = C63H88CoN14O14P (solution) + Al (solution)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 30. ± 4. | kcal/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 5 out of 6 values; Individual data points |
(CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1 • 4294967295) + = CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1
By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 158445-17-1
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 101.9 ± 1.8 | kcal/mol | N/A | Nakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995 | gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.75±0.04 eV; B |
(CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2 • 4294967295) + = CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2
By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 161173-70-2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 40.2 ± 5.2 | kcal/mol | N/A | Nakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995 | gas phase; Vertical Detachment Energy: 2.14±0.11 eV; B |
By formula: (Al+ • 10Al) + Al = (Al+ • 11Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 72. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 11Al) + Al = (Al+ • 12Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 81. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 12Al) + Al = (Al+ • 13Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 72. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 13Al) + Al = (Al+ • 14Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 60. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 14Al) + Al = (Al+ • 15Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 67. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 15Al) + Al = (Al+ • 16Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 69. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 9Al) + Al = (Al+ • 10Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 67. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 6Al) + Al = (Al+ • 7Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 44. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 8Al) + Al = (Al+ • 9Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 65. | kcal/mol | PDiss | Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990 | gas phase; from graph; M |
(CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7 • 4294967295) + = CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7
By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 56448-64-7
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 72.8 ± 7.5 | kcal/mol | N/A | Villalta and Leopold, 2009 | gas phase; B |
(CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2 • 4294967295) + = CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2
By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2 • 4294967295Al) + Al = CAS Reg. No. 166899-79-2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 42.3 ± 7.6 | kcal/mol | N/A | Nakajima, Zhang, et al., 1995 | gas phase; B |
By formula: (AlO- • 4294967295Al) + Al = AlO-
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 148.6 ± 6.4 | kcal/mol | N/A | Desai, Wu, et al., 1996 | gas phase; B |
By formula: (Al+ • 5Al) + Al = (Al+ • 6Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 103.1 | kcal/mol | CID | Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 2Al) + Al = (Al+ • 3Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 46.8 | kcal/mol | CID | Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 3Al) + Al = (Al+ • 4Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 59.3 | kcal/mol | CID | Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (Al+ • 4Al) + Al = (Al+ • 5Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 55.3 | kcal/mol | CID | Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987 | gas phase; M |
By formula: (Al+ • Al) + Al = (Al+ • 2Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 25.8 | kcal/mol | CID | Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987 | gas phase; M |
By formula: Al+ + Al = (Al+ • Al)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 20.8 | kcal/mol | CID | Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987 | gas phase; M |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
View reactions leading to Al+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 5.98577 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Electron affinity determinations
EA (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
0.433816 ± 0.000044 | LPD | Scheer, Bilodeau, et al., 1998 | Given: 432.83(5) meV; B |
0.442 ± 0.010 | LPES | Feigerle, Corderman, et al., 1981 | B |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
5.98577 | EVAL | Lide, 1992 | LL |
5.986 | S | Kelly, 1987 | LBLHLM |
6.0 ± 0.2 | EI | Ho and Burns, 1980 | LLK |
6.0 ± 0.3 | EI | Kleinschmidt and Hildenbrand, 1978 | LLK |
6.0 ± 0.3 | PE | Hildenbrand, 1977 | LLK |
6.0 | EI | Hildenbrand, 1977, 2 | LLK |
6. ± 1. | EI | Paule, 1976 | LLK |
6.6 ± 0.6 | EI | Cocke and Gingerich, 1971 | LLK |
5.986 | S | Moore, 1970 | RDSH |
5.98576 ± 0.000002 | S | Eriksson and Isberg, 1963 | RDSH |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Cox, Wagman, et al., 1984
Cox, J.D.; Wagman, D.D.; Medvedev, V.A.,
CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., New York, 1984, 1. [all data]
Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr.,
NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]
Nakajima, Taguwa, et al., 1995
Nakajima, A.; Taguwa, T.; Nakao, K.; Hoshino, K.; Iwata, S.; Kaya, K.,
Photoelectron Spectroscopy of AlnS1- Clusters (n=1-9),
J. Chem. Phys., 1995, 102, 2, 660, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.469178
. [all data]
Jarrold, Ray, et al., 1990
Jarrold, M.F.; Ray, U.; Bower, J.E.; Creegan, K.M.,
Photodissociation of Metal Cluster Ions. Dissociation Energies and Optical Spectroscopy,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1990, 86, 13, 2537, https://doi.org/10.1039/ft9908602537
. [all data]
Villalta and Leopold, 2009
Villalta, P.W.; Leopold, D.G.,
A study of the ground and excited states of Al-3 and Al-3(-). I. 488 nm anion photoelectron spectrum,
J. Chem. Phys., 2009, 130, 2, 024303, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2973625
. [all data]
Nakajima, Zhang, et al., 1995
Nakajima, A.; Zhang, N.; Kawamata, H.; Hayase, T.; Nakao, K.; Kaya, K.,
Photoelectron spectroscopy and mass distributions of aluminum-sulfur cluster anions (AlnSm-),
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1995, 241, 4, 295, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(95)00653-L
. [all data]
Desai, Wu, et al., 1996
Desai, S.R.; Wu, H.; Wang, L.-S.,
Vibrationally Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy of AlO- and AlO2-,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1996, 159, 1-3, 75, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1176(96)04443-6
. [all data]
Hanley, Ruatta, et al., 1987
Hanley, L.; Ruatta, S.A.; Anderson, S.L.,
Collision - Induced Dissciation of Aluminum Cluster Ions: Fragmentation Patterns, Bond Energies, and Structures for Al2+ - Al7+,
J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 87, 1, 260, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.453623
. [all data]
Scheer, Bilodeau, et al., 1998
Scheer, M.; Bilodeau, RC; Thogresen, J.; Haugen, HK,
Threshold Photodetachment of Al-: Electron Affinity and Fine Structure,
Phys. Rev. A, 1998, 57, 3, R1493-, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.57.R1493
. [all data]
Feigerle, Corderman, et al., 1981
Feigerle, C.S.; Corderman, R.R.; Lineberger, W.C.,
Electron affinities of B, Al, Bi, and Pb,
J. Chem. Phys., 1981, 74, 2, 1513, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.441174
. [all data]
Lide, 1992
Lide, D.R. (Editor),
Ionization potentials of atoms and atomic ions
in Handbook of Chem. and Phys., 1992, 10-211. [all data]
Kelly, 1987
Kelly, R.L.,
Atomic and ionic spectrum lines of hydrogen through kryton,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1987, 16. [all data]
Ho and Burns, 1980
Ho, P.; Burns, R.P.,
A mass spectrometric study of the AlO2 molecule,
High Temp. Sci., 1980, 12, 31. [all data]
Kleinschmidt and Hildenbrand, 1978
Kleinschmidt, P.D.; Hildenbrand, D.L.,
Dissociation energies of CaI, SrI, and BaI from high temperature mass spectrometry,
J. Chem. Phys., 1978, 68, 2819. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1977
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
Dissociation energies of CaBr, SrBr, BaBr, and BaCl from mass spectrometric studies of gaseous equilibria,
J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 66, 3526. [all data]
Hildenbrand, 1977, 2
Hildenbrand, D.L.,
Dissociation energy of samarium monoxide and its relation to that of europium monoxide,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1977, 48, 340. [all data]
Paule, 1976
Paule, R.C.,
Mass spectrometric studies of Al2O3 vaporization processes,
High Temp. Sci., 1976, 8, 257. [all data]
Cocke and Gingerich, 1971
Cocke, D.L.; Gingerich, K.A.,
Mass spectrometric determination of the dissociation energies of the molecules Ho2, HoAg, and HoAu,
J. Phys. Chem., 1971, 75, 3264. [all data]
Moore, 1970
Moore, C.E.,
Ionization potentials and ionization limits derived from the analyses of optical spectra,
Natl. Stand. Ref. Data Ser., (U.S. Natl. Bur. Stand.), 1970, 34, 1. [all data]
Eriksson and Isberg, 1963
Eriksson, K.B.S.; Isberg, H.B.S.,
The spectrum of atomic aluminium, Al I,
Ark. Fys., 1963, 23, 527. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
EA Electron affinity IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy S°gas,1 bar Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar) ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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