1-Pentanol

Formula: C₅H₁₂O
Molecular weight: 88.1482
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C5H12O/c1-2-3-4-5-6/h6H,2-5H2,1H3
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 71-41-0
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Other names: Pentyl alcohol; n-Amyl alcohol; n-Butylcarbinol; n-Pentan-1-ol; n-Pentanol; n-Pentyl alcohol; Amyl alcohol; Amylol; Pentanol; 1-Pentyl alcohol; n-C5H11OH; Pentan-1-ol; Pentanol-1; Pentasol; n-Amylalkohol; Alcool amylique; Amyl alcohol, n-; Amyl alcohol, normal; Primary amyl alcohol; UN 1105; 1-Pentol; Primary-N-amyl alcohol; Butyl carbinol; NSC 5707
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Information on this page:
Other data available:
- Henry's Law data
- IR Spectrum
Data at other public NIST sites:
- Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_gas	-298. ± 6.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 7 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_gas	401.3	J/mol*K	N/A	Counsell J.F., 1968	GT

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

C_p,gas (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
167.91	403.49	Stromsoe E., 1970	Ideal gas heat capacities are given by [ Stromsoe E., 1970] as a linear function Cp=f1(a+bT). This expression approximates the experimental values with the average deviation of 1.42 J/molK. The accuracy of the experimental heat capacities [ Stromsoe E., 1970] is estimated as less than 0.3%. Please also see Counsell J.F., 1970.; GT
177.7 ± 1.4	418.95
178.2 ± 1.4	420.75
174.58	423.32
179.7 ± 1.4	426.15
181.7 ± 1.4	433.45
179.33	438.26
184.4 ± 1.4	442.85
184.8 ± 1.4	444.35
184.35	453.45
192.9 ± 1.4	472.85
190.44	473.19
195.5 ± 1.4	482.25
209.3 ± 1.4	531.25
215.8 ± 1.4	554.15
221.4 ± 1.4	573.95

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_fH°_liquid	-351.62 ± 0.28	kJ/mol	Ccb	Mosselman and Dekker, 1975	ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	-352.6 ± 0.7	kJ/mol	Ccb	Hayes, 1971	DRB
Δ_fH°_liquid	-352.57 ± 0.72	kJ/mol	Ccb	Gundry, Harrop, et al., 1969	ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	-357.9 ± 0.50	kJ/mol	Ccb	Chao and Rossini, 1965	see Rossini, 1934; ALS
Δ_fH°_liquid	-358.4 ± 1.7	kJ/mol	Ccb	Green, 1960	ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_cH°_liquid	-3330.91 ± 0.28	kJ/mol	Ccb	Mosselman and Dekker, 1975	Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -351.62 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-3329.9 ± 0.67	kJ/mol	Ccb	Hayes, 1971	Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -352.6 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-3329.96 ± 0.64	kJ/mol	Ccb	Gundry, Harrop, et al., 1969	Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -352.57 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-3324.6 ± 0.4	kJ/mol	Ccb	Chao and Rossini, 1965	see Rossini, 1934; Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -357.9 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Δ_cH°_liquid	-3324.	kJ/mol	Ccb	Verkade and Coops, 1927	Corrected for 298 and 1 atm.; Corresponding Δ_fHº_liquid = -358. kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
S°_liquid	258.9	J/mol*K	N/A	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	DH
S°_liquid	254.8	J/mol*K	N/A	Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933	Extrapolation below 90 K, 57.66 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

C_p,liquid (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
207.45	298.15	Benson and D'Arcy, 1986	DH
207.45	298.15	Benson and D'Arcy, 1986, 2	DH
208.19	298.15	Tanaka, Toyama, et al., 1986	DH
208.98	298.15	Zegers and Somsen, 1984	DH
207.4	298.15	D'Aprano, DeLisi, et al., 1983	Data given at 288 and 298 K.; DH
205.6	293.15	Arutyunyan, Bagdasaryan, et al., 1981	T = 293 to 393 K. p = 0.1 MPa. Unsmoothed experimental datum given as 2.332 kJ/kg*K. Cp given from 293.15 to 533.15 K for pressure range 10 to 60 MPa.; DH
212.3	301.26	Griigo'ev, Yanin, et al., 1979	T = 301 to 463 K. p = 0.98 bar.; DH
208.40	298.15	Skold, Suurkuusk, et al., 1976	DH
240.6	313.2	Paz Andrade, Paz, et al., 1970	DH
208.3	298.15	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	T = 10 to 390 K.; DH
201.7	302.4	Phillip, 1939	DH
209.12	298.0	Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933	T = 94 to 298 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
183.3	298.	von Reis, 1881	T = 298 to 400 K.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_boil	411. ± 1.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 54 out of 66 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_fus	194.35	K	N/A	Timmermans, 1952	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC
T_fus	194.65	K	N/A	Tschamler, Richter, et al., 1949	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
T_fus	194.65	K	N/A	Timmermans and Mattaar, 1921	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_triple	195.56	K	N/A	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968, 2	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
T_triple	194.2	K	N/A	Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933, 2	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
T_c	580. ± 20.	K	AVG	N/A	Average of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
P_c	39.0 ± 0.4	bar	AVG	N/A	Average of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
V_c	0.326	l/mol	N/A	Gude and Teja, 1995
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
ρ_c	3.06 ± 0.02	mol/l	N/A	Gude and Teja, 1995
ρ_c	3.06	mol/l	N/A	Teja, Lee, et al., 1989	TRC
ρ_c	3.10	mol/l	N/A	Smith, Anselme, et al., 1986	Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.20 mol/l; TRC
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	57. ± 2.	kJ/mol	AVG	N/A	Average of 14 values; Individual data points

Reduced pressure boiling point

T_boil (K)	Pressure (bar)	Reference	Comment
323.2	0.017	Weast and Grasselli, 1989	BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
44.36	411.2	N/A	Majer and Svoboda, 1985
41.4	392.4	N/A	Majer and Svoboda, 1985
44.4	411.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
40.1	448.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
36.1	473.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
31.7	498.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
26.4	523.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
22.0	548.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
14.1	573.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
7.1	586.	N/A	Wormald and James, 2000	AC
51.5	350.	N/A	Aucejo, Burguet, et al., 1994	Based on data from 335. to 410. K.; AC
47.2	403.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 388. to 420. K.; AC
54.3	341.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 326. to 411. K.; AC
45.4	423.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 408. to 441. K.; AC
51.6	362.	EB	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 347. to 429. K. See also Ambrose, Sprake, et al., 1972.; AC
55.7 ± 0.2	313.	C	Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985	AC
54.4 ± 0.2	328.	C	Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985	AC
53.0 ± 0.2	343.	C	Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985	AC
51.2 ± 0.2	358.	C	Majer, Svoboda, et al., 1985	AC
55.0	325.	N/A	Wilhoit and Zwolinski, 1973	Based on data from 310. to 411. K.; AC
50.5 ± 0.1	362.	C	Counsell, Fenwick, et al., 1970	AC
49.2 ± 0.1	374.	C	Counsell, Fenwick, et al., 1970	AC
47.0 ± 0.1	392.	C	Counsell, Fenwick, et al., 1970	AC
44.4 ± 0.1	411.	C	Counsell, Fenwick, et al., 1970	AC
56.2	322.	DTA	Kemme and Kreps, 1969	Based on data from 307. to 411. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-αT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kJ/mol)
T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Temperature (K)	298. to 421.	298. to 368.
A (kJ/mol)	67.55	61.59
α	-0.8195	-1.2689
β	0.8272	1.0462
T_c (K)	588.2	551.6
Reference	Majer and Svoboda, 1985	Majer and Svoboda, 1985

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K)	A	B	C	Reference	Comment
437.79 to 513.79	3.97383	1106.11	-134.578	Ambrose, Sprake, et al., 1975	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
347.91 to 429.13	4.32418	1297.689	-110.669	Ambrose and Sprake, 1970	Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.
307.1 to 411.	4.68277	1492.549	-91.621	Kemme and Kreps, 1969

Enthalpy of fusion

Δ_fusH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
10.502	195.56	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	DH
10.51	195.6	van Miltenburg and van den Berg, 2004	AC
10.5	195.6	Domalski and Hearing, 1996	AC
9.828	194.2	Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933	DH

Entropy of fusion

Δ_fusS (J/mol*K)	Temperature (K)	Reference	Comment
53.70	195.56	Counsell, Lees, et al., 1968	DH
50.61	194.2	Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933	DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C₅H₁₁O^- + = 1-Pentanol

By formula: C₅H₁₁O^- + H⁺ = C₅H₁₂O

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1565. ± 8.8	kJ/mol	G+TS	Higgins and Bartmess, 1998	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	1568. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	CIDC	Haas and Harrison, 1993	gas phase; Both metastable and 50 eV collision energy.; B
Δ_rH°	1564. ± 12.	kJ/mol	G+TS	Boand, Houriet, et al., 1983	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1538. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	IMRE	Higgins and Bartmess, 1998	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	1541. ± 8.8	kJ/mol	H-TS	Haas and Harrison, 1993	gas phase; Both metastable and 50 eV collision energy.; B
Δ_rG°	1537. ± 11.	kJ/mol	CIDC	Boand, Houriet, et al., 1983	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

C₃H₉Si⁺ + 1-Pentanol = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉Si⁺ + C₅H₁₂O = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • C₅H₁₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	187.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	131.	J/mol*K	N/A	Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
126.	468.	PHPMS	Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 5)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 5C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	100.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
21.	227.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	92.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	130.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
43.9	346.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; M

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; M
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; M

1-Pentanol = +

By formula: C₅H₁₂O = C₅H₁₀O + H₂

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	66.2 ± 1.6	kJ/mol	Eqk	Connett, 1970	liquid phase; ALS

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman

View reactions leading to C₅H₁₂O⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Proton affinity at 298K

Proton affinity (kJ/mol)	Reference	Comment
795.	Holmes, Aubry, et al., 1999	MM

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
10.00	PE	Ashmore and Burgess, 1977	LLK
10.38	PE	Ashmore and Burgess, 1977	Vertical value; LLK
10.42 ± 0.03	PE	Peel and Willett, 1975	Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
C₅H₁₀⁺	10.04 ± 0.05	H₂O	EI	Harnish, Holmes, et al., 1990	LL

De-protonation reactions

C₅H₁₁O^- + = 1-Pentanol

By formula: C₅H₁₁O^- + H⁺ = C₅H₁₂O

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	1565. ± 8.8	kJ/mol	G+TS	Higgins and Bartmess, 1998	gas phase; B
Δ_rH°	1568. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	CIDC	Haas and Harrison, 1993	gas phase; Both metastable and 50 eV collision energy.; B
Δ_rH°	1564. ± 12.	kJ/mol	G+TS	Boand, Houriet, et al., 1983	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rG°	1538. ± 8.4	kJ/mol	IMRE	Higgins and Bartmess, 1998	gas phase; B
Δ_rG°	1541. ± 8.8	kJ/mol	H-TS	Haas and Harrison, 1993	gas phase; Both metastable and 50 eV collision energy.; B
Δ_rG°	1537. ± 11.	kJ/mol	CIDC	Boand, Houriet, et al., 1983	gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C₃H₉Si⁺ + 1-Pentanol = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₉Si⁺ + C₅H₁₂O = (C₃H₉Si⁺ • C₅H₁₂O)

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	187.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	131.	J/mol*K	N/A	Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
126.	468.	PHPMS	Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986	gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	92.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	130.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
43.9	346.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 2C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	58.6	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 3C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	49.8	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	102.	J/mol*K	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase

(C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4 1-Pentanol ) + = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 5)

By formula: (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 4C₅H₁₂O) + C₅H₁₂O = (C₅H₁₃O⁺ • 5C₅H₁₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rH°	46.	kJ/mol	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated
Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_rS°	100.	J/mol*K	N/A	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Free energy of reaction

Δ_rG° (kJ/mol)	T (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
21.	227.	PHPMS	Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992	gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner	NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin	NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1998.
NIST MS number	291529

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.

Gas Chromatography

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-1	0.	791.4	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	10.	793.1	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	20.	775.5	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	30.	771.9	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	40.	766.5	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	50.	762.3	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-1	60.	757.9	Wang, Liu, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
Capillary	HP-101	60.	757.18	Garay, 2000	50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, H2
Capillary	SE-30	100.	754.6	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	110.	753.5	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	120.	752.7	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	130.	752.2	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	48.	766.0	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	58.	763.4	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	66.	761.5	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	100.	754.6	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	110.	753.5	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	120.	752.7	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	130.	752.2	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	48.	766.0	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	58.	763.4	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	SE-30	66.	761.5	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
Capillary	OV-101	150.	730.2	Cha and Lee, 1994	Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	OV-101	180.	734.7	Cha and Lee, 1994	Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	100.	754.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
Capillary	SE-30	120.	748.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
Capillary	SE-30	80.	768.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm
Packed	SE-30	150.	760.	Tiess, 1984	Ar, Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	OV-1	120.	749.	Valko, Papp, et al., 1984	Gas Chrom Q; Column length: 2. m
Packed	SE-30	100.	754.	Winskowski, 1983	Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m
Packed	SE-30	150.	789.	Winskowski, 1983	Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m
Packed	Squalane	100.	746.4	Gröbler and Bálizs, 1979	Column length: 1. m
Packed	SE-30	150.	742.	Haken, Nguyen, et al., 1979	Celatom AW silanized; Column length: 3.7 m
Packed	Apiezon L	120.	728.	Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978	Celite 545
Packed	Apiezon L	160.	731.	Bogoslovsky, Anvaer, et al., 1978	Celite 545
Capillary	Squalane	60.	730.	Ryba, 1976	Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Packed	SE-30	100.	751.	Pías and Gascó, 1975	Ar, Chromosorb W AW DMCS HP (80-100 mesh); Column length: 1. m
Packed	SE-30	120.	747.	Pías and Gascó, 1975	Ar, Chromosorb W AW DMCS HP (80-100 mesh); Column length: 1. m
Packed	SE-30	140.	746.	Pías and Gascó, 1975	Ar, Chromosorb W AW DMCS HP (80-100 mesh); Column length: 1. m
Packed	Apiezon M	130.	736.	Golovnya and Garbuzov, 1974	N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.1 m
Packed	Apiezon L	100.	746.	Wagaman and Smith, 1971	CH4; Column length: 3. m
Packed	Squalane	50.	730.	Mira and Sanchez, 1970	Chromosorb G
Packed	Squalane	70.	722.	Mira and Sanchez, 1970	Chromosorb G
Packed	SE-30	100.	752.	Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970	Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-1	758.	Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-1	763.	Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	SE-54	775.	Rembold, Wallner, et al., 1989	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 0. C @ 12. min, 12. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	OV-101	747.	Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 1984	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	750.	Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 1984	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SE-30	773.	Greenberg, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	774.	Greenberg, 1981	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	752.	Greenberg, 1981, 2	He, 70. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 170. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	SE-30	755.	Greenberg, 1981, 2	He, 70. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 170. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Capillary	OV-101	759.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	764.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	OV-351	100.	1256.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-351	120.	1238.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-351	140.	1263.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-351	160.	1288.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-351	180.	1210.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-351	80.	1241.	Haken and Korhonen, 1985	N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Packed	Carbowax 20M	100.	1208.	Kevei and Kozma, 1976	Chromosorb
Packed	PEG-2000	120.	1226.	Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973	He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	PEG-2000	150.	1222.	Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973	He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	PEG-2000	152.	1255.	Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973	He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	PEG-2000	179.	1250.	Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973	He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	PEG-2000	180.	1218.	Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973	He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Packed	PEG-2000	200.	1237.	Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973	He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	130.	1245.	Hedin, Thopson, et al., 1972	N2; Column length: 15.24 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
Packed	Carbowax 20M	100.	1245.	Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970	Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	100.	1257.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1968	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	120.	1250.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1968	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	140.	1242.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1968	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m
Packed	Polyethylene Glycol 4000	80.	1265.	Bonastre and Grenier, 1968	Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	PE-Wax	1217.	Venkateshwarlu, Chandravadana, et al., 1999	N2, 60. C @ 4. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 5. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-Wax	1255.	Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1230.	Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1271.	Umano, Shoji, et al., 1986	N2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1261.	Umano, Shoji, et al., 1986	N2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Packed	PEG-20M	1213.	Galt and MacLeod, 1984	N2, Celite, 70. C @ 9. min, 10. K/min; Column length: 5.5 m; T_end: 175. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1214.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1220.	Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1236.	Tressl, Friese, et al., 1978	He, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 190. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1230.	Tressl, Friese, et al., 1978, 2	He, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 190. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1260.	Garruti, Franco, et al., 2001	H2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 50 0C (8 min) 4 K/min -> 110 0C 16 K/min -> 200 0C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1256.	Brander, Kepner, et al., 1980	Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1258.	Brander, Kepner, et al., 1980	Program: not specified

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5MS	764.	Cho, Namgung, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SPB-5	765.	Engel and Ratel, 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-5	766.	Methven L., Tsoukka M., et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 260. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-5	760.	Wu, Zorn, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	760.	Wu, Zorn, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	756.	Bylaite and Meyer, 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, 50. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	766.	Elmore, Cooper, et al., 2005	0. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5MS	768.	Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	ZB-5	768.	Gocmen, Gurbuz, et al., 2004	0. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 7. K/min, 265. C @ 5. min; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	765.	Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
Capillary	SPB-5	764.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-5	763.	Siegmund and Murkovic, 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.1 μm, -30. C @ 1. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5MS	779.	Weissbecker, Holighaus, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 1.5 min, 6. K/min, 200. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	766.	Dreher, Rouseff, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 7. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 275. C
Capillary	HP-5	767.	Isidorov, Vinogorova, et al., 2003	25. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 150. C
Capillary	DB-1	744.1	Sun and Stremple, 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 325. C
Capillary	DB-5	760.4	Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	BPX-5	783.	Bredie, Mottram, et al., 2002	50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	769.	Elmore, Campo, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	735.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	735.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 2	50. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	772.	Bruna, Hierro, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	SE-30	759.	Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 2001	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	SE-30	754.	Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 2001	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	SE-30	754.	Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 2001	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 6. K/min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	SE-30	753.	Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 2001	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 8. K/min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-1	749.	Kim, 2001	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	SPB-Sulfur	748.3	de Lacy Costello, Evans, et al., 2001	30. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, 40. C @ 12.5 min, 4. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SPB-1	752.	Larráyoz, Addis, et al., 2001	30. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, He, 45. C @ 13. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5	760.	David, Scanlan, et al., 2000	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	768.	Elmore, Mottram, et al., 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	SE-30	751.9	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	SE-30	751.9	Golovnya, Kuz'menko, et al., 2000, 2	25. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Moio, Piombino, et al., 2000	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-5	765.	Moio, Piombino, et al., 2000	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Moio, Piombino, et al., 2000	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-1	753.	Wu, Wang, et al., 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, N2, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	758.	Chevance and Farmer, 1999	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	BPX-5	765.	Mandin, Duckham, et al., 1999	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	BPX-5	771.	Mandin, Duckham, et al., 1999	50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	BPX-5	780.	Aaslyng, Elmore, et al., 1998	50. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, He, 4. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Moio and Addeo, 1998	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-5	765.	Moio and Addeo, 1998	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-5	766.	Moio and Addeo, 1998	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 210. C
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Moio L., Rillo L., et al., 1996	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-5	766.	Moio L., Rillo L., et al., 1996	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-1	767.	Peng, 1992	15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SE-30	746.	Korhonen, 1984	N2, 6. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	756.	Hendriks and Bruins, 1983	4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 205. C
Packed	OV-101	770.	Nixon, Wong, et al., 1979	Gas-Chrom Q, 2. K/min; Column length: 2.5 m; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	OV-1	763.	Schreyen, Dirinck, et al., 1976	1. K/min; Column length: 183. m; Column diameter: 0.762 mm; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	OV-1	762.	Schreyen, Dirinck, et al., 1976, 2	N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 183. m; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 230. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	781.	Boscaini, van Ruth, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(4min) => 2C/min => 90C => 4C/min => 130C 8C/min => 250C
Capillary	HP-5	772.	Boué, Shih, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 10C/min => 60C =3C/min => 150C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	DB-5	778.	Mayr, van Ruth, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40 C(4min) => 2C/min => 90C => 4C/min => 130C => 8C/min => 250C
Capillary	DB-5	761.	Beaulieu and Grimm, 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C (1min) => 5C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 250C (9min)
Capillary	DB-5MS	760.	Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 K/min -> 220 0C 5 K/min -> 250 0C (15 min)
Capillary	DB-5MS	770.	Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000, 2	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2/N2; Program: 40C (5min) => 2C/min => 200C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)
Capillary	CP-Sil 8CB-MS	776.	Elmore, Mottram, et al., 2000, 2	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C(5min) => 40C/min => 40C (2min) => 4C/min => 280C
Capillary	DB-5	775.	Parker, Hassell, et al., 2000	50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: oC(5min) => 60C/min => 60C (5min) => 4C/min => 250C
Capillary	DB-1	760.	Peng, 2000	15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 8C/min => 200(1min) => 5C/min => 300C(25min)
Capillary	DB-5	763.	Boulanger, Chassagne, et al., 1999	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C(15min)
Capillary	DB-5	768.	Boulanger, Chassagne, et al., 1999	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C(15min)
Capillary	DB-5	758.	Boulanger, Chassagne, et al., 1999	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C(15min)
Capillary	DB-5	768.	Boulanger, Chassagne, et al., 1999	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C(15min)
Capillary	BPX-5	800.	Elmore, Mottram, et al., 1999	50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 0C(5min) => 40C/min => 40C(2min) => 4C/min => 280C
Capillary	SE-52	762.	Mondello, Dugo, et al., 1995	60. m/0.32 mm/0.40 μm, He; Program: 45 C (6 min) 3 C/min -> 111 0C 2 C/min -> 160 C 3 C/min -> 300 C (15 min)
Capillary	DB-5	761.	Beal and Mottram, 1994	30. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: 5 0C (0.5 min) -> (1 min) 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 250 0C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	767.	Peng, Yang, et al., 1991	Program: not specified
Packed	SE-30	767.	Peng, Ding, et al., 1988	Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Cho, Namgung, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1244.	Hashizume M., Gordon M.H., et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1258.	Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1260.	Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1254.	Quijano, Linares, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1255.	Wu, Zorn, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1252.	Wu, Zorn, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Cho, Choi, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1255.	Cho, Choi, et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1241.	Fernandez-Segovia, Escriche, et al., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1242.	Alasalvar, Taylor, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 203. C
Capillary	OV-351	1220.	Bonvehí, 2005	50. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Stabilwax	1238.	Cros, Lignot, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1255.	Elmore, Nisyrios, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1262.	Malliaa, Fernandez-Garcia, et al., 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 45. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min
Capillary	Innowax	1232.	Pena, Barciela, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1261.	Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1239.	Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1249.	Ledauphin, Saint-Clair, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 1.8 K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1274.	Nielsen, Larsen, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1274.	Nielsen, Larsen, et al., 2004, 2	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1274.	Nielsen, Larsen, et al., 2004, 3	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min
Capillary	Stabilwax	1238.	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1274.	Nielsen, Larsen, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1233.	Brunton, Cronin, et al., 2002	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1251.	Chung, Yung, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	AT-Wax	1238.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 2	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1251.	Chung, Yung, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1245.	Kim, Shin, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Kim, 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1256.	Liu, Yang, et al., 2001	H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1239.	Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2001	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Wirth, Guo, et al., 2001	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Wirth, Guo, et al., 2001	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1258.	Beauchene, Grua-Priol, et al., 2000	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 3. K/min, 160. C @ 5. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Bureau, Baumes, et al., 2000	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Bureau, Razungles, et al., 2000	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 60. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 245. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1251.	Chevance, Farmer, et al., 2000	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1250.	Chung, 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min; T_start: 35. C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1233.	Jensen, Christensen, et al., 2000	50. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 1.3 min, 2. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1264.	Le Guen, Prost, et al., 2000	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	HP-Wax	1294.	Peng, 2000	15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1245.	Chevance and Farmer, 1999	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1241.	Chevance and Farmer, 1999, 2	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1250.	Chung, 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1248.	Cha, Kim, et al., 1998	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
Capillary	FFAP	1292.	Ott, Fay, et al., 1997	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 1. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1235.	Mondello, Dugo, et al., 1995	60. m/0.32 mm/0.425 μm, He, 45. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Iwaoka, Hagi, et al., 1994	He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1994	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1994, 2	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Sumitani, Suekane, et al., 1994	He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1246.	Chung and Cadwallader, 1993	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1236.	Peng, 1992	8. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min; Column length: 3.05 m; T_start: 40. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1206.	Stashenko, Macku, et al., 1992	He, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Umano, Hagi, et al., 1992	He, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1241.	Humpf and Schreier, 1991	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
Packed	Carbowax 20M	1236.	Peng, Yang, et al., 1991	Supelcoport, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min; Column length: 3.05 m; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1250.	Schwab, Mahr, et al., 1989	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1258.	Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1260.	Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP-WAX 57CB	1251.	Salter L.J., Mottram D.S., et al., 1988	60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1255.	Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1258.	Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1236.	Chen, Kuo, et al., 1986	He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 40. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-351	1216.	Korhonen, 1984	N2, 6. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Packed	Carbowax 20M	1228.	van den Dool and Kratz, 1963	Celite 545, 4.6 K/min; T_start: 75. C; T_end: 228. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1262.	Bianchi, Cantoni, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 220C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1256.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1253.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(1min) => 10C/min => 120C => 15C/min => 200C (1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1261.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1262.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1265.	Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1232.	Hallier, Prost, et al., 2005	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 160C => 15C/min => 230C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1242.	Kaack, Christensen, et al., 2005	50. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, He; Program: 33C(1.5min) => 1.5C/min => 60C(4min) => 2C/min => 100C => 8C/min => 220C(15min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1240.	Ferrari, Lablanquie, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(0.7min) => 20C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 240C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 2004	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C (20min)
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1240.	Alasalvar, Shahidi, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 5C/min => 60C => 2.5C/min => 155C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1260.	Boido, Lloret, et al., 2003	25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C (8min) => 3C/min => 180C => 20C/min => 230C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Nurgel, Erten, et al., 2002	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 60C (3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C (20min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1240.	Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1280.	Radovic, Careri, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 30C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1231.	Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 K/min -> 220 0C 5 K/min -> 250 0C (15 min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1230.	Boulanger and Crouzet, 2000, 2	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60C(3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C (15min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1241.	Sing, Smadja, et al., 1992	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C(0.5min) => 60C => 4C/min => 250C
Capillary	FFAP	1240.	Yasuhara, 1987	50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C (5min) => 2C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 210C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1253.	Whitfield, Shea, et al., 1981	Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	105.	744.	Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	75.	749.	Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	90.	747.	Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	100.	745.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	120.	744.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	140.	744.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	80.	747.	Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Capillary	DB-5	120.	774.	Verevkin, Krasnykh, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen
Packed	SE-30	70.	801.	Yabumoto, Jennings, et al., 1977

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB	754.	Bramston-Cook, 2013	60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min
Capillary	VF-5 MS	765.	Srisajjalerwaja, Apichartsrangkoon, et al., 2012	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	VF-5 MS	768.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	VF-5 MS	773.	Leffingwell and Alford, 2011	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; T_start: 30. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	762.	Lazarevic, Radulovic, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	762.	Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; T_start: 70. C
Capillary	HP-5	762.	Radulovic, Dordevic, et al., 2010	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen, 5. K/min; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 290. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	763.	Kim and Chung, 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 30. min
Capillary	Mega 5 MS	762.	Romeo, Verzera, et al., 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HP-5 MS	771.	Forero, Quijano, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SPB-1	749.	Frerot, Velluz, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	776.	Mildner-Szkudlarz and Jelen, 2008	10. m/0.10 mm/0.40 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 280. C @ 1. min
Capillary	HP-5 MS	779.	Thakeow, Angeli, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 1.5 min, 6.5 K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	772.	Ramirez R. and Cava R., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	RTX-5	749.	Setkova, Risticevic, et al., 2007	10. m/0.18 mm/0.2 μm, He, 40. C @ 0.5 min, 50. K/min, 275. C @ 0.5 min
Capillary	Elite-5MS	765.	Tava, Pecetti, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min
Capillary	SPB-5	768.	Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
Capillary	SPB-5	768.	Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5	759.	Fan and Qian, 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
Capillary	SPB-5	764.	Kilic, Kollmannsberger, et al., 2005	He, 5. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; T_start: 100. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5MS	766.	Krist, Stuebiger, et al., 2005	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 38. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 2. min
Capillary	HP-5	780.0	Leffingwell and Alford, 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
Capillary	MDN-5	765.	van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5	760.	N/A	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5	760.	N/A	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-5	763.	N/A	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-1	744.	Park, Lee, et al., 2004	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-1	747.	Park, Lee, et al., 2004	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	766.	Ramírez, Estévez, et al., 2004	0. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-5MS	775.	Robledo and Arzuffi, 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min; T_start: 90. C
Capillary	DB-5	771.	Dhanda, Pegg, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 4. min
Capillary	MDN-5	776.	Mildner-Szkudlarz, Jelen, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 280. C @ 1. min
Capillary	DB-5	768.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
Capillary	SPB-1	748.	Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SPB-1	747.	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	BPX-5	745.	Diaz and Kite, 2002	5. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 260. C
Capillary	HP-5	767.	Isidorov and Jdanova, 2002	3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SPB-5	768.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 3	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	HP-5	766.	García, Martín, et al., 2000	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	OV-101	744.	Tamura, Boonbumrung, et al., 2000	Nitrogen, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	759.	Menon, Chacko, et al., 1999	N2, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 80. C
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Meynier, Novelli, et al., 1999	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	752.	Buttery, Ling, et al., 1997	30. C @ 25. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	DB-5	763.	Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 1997	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
Capillary	DB-5	766.	Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 1997	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
Capillary	DB-1	747.	Rapior, Breheret, et al., 1997	30. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	752.	Buttery and Ling, 1995	He, 30. C @ 25. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Ultra-2	763.	King, Matthews, et al., 1995	50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-1	752.	Buttery, Stern, et al., 1994	He, 30. C @ 25. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	Ultra-2	759.	King, Hamilton, et al., 1993	50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Moio, Dekimpe, et al., 1993	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-5	766.	Moio, Dekimpe, et al., 1993	30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-5	772.	Shimoda, Shibamoto, et al., 1993	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	740.	Hansen, Buttery, et al., 1992	30. C @ 25. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	DB-5	766.	Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	HG-5	781.	Drumm and Spanier, 1991	50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He, 35. C @ 15. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 45. min
Capillary	DB-5	772.	Macku and Shibamoto, 1991	He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 160. C
Capillary	DB-5	771.	Macku and Shibamoto, 1991, 2	He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 160. C
Capillary	OV-101	756.	Anker, Jurs, et al., 1990	2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	744.	Binder, Benson, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-1	744.	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-1	744.	Buttery, Teranishi, et al., 1990	He, 30. C @ 25. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 5. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	HP-5	756.	Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990	H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	HP-5	766.	Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990	H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	OV-101	742.	Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990	Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	740.	Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990	Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	742.	Yang and Sugisawa, 1990	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	OV-101	743.	Yang and Sugisawa, 1990	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-1	744.	Binder, Flath, et al., 1989	4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-1	746.	Binder and Flath, 1989	50. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	BP-1	761.	Wilkins and Scholl, 1989	25. m/0.33 mm/1.00 μm, Nitrogen, 30. C @ 4. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 150. C
Capillary	DB-1	764.	Habu, Flath, et al., 1985	3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	SE-30	754.	Hackett, Gibbon, et al., 1985	He, 20. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 16. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	OV-101	747.	Stern, Flath, et al., 1985	40. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 225. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-101	746.	Stern, Flath, et al., 1985	50. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 225. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	OV-101	767.	del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984	He, 0. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; T_end: 225. C
Capillary	SP 2100	756.	Labropoulos, Palmer, et al., 1982	Helium, 10. K/min; Column length: 40. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	SE-30	756.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981	40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	SE-30	754.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981, 2	He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	OV-1	762.	Schreyen, Dirinck, et al., 1979	N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 183. m; Column diameter: 0.762 mm; T_start: 0. C; T_end: 230. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-5	751.	Fang, Pu, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (1 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 170 0C
Capillary	DB-5	769.	Courtois, Paine, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C m6 0C/min -> 140 0C 5 0C/min -> 160 0C (1 min) 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
Capillary	HP-5	769.	Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min)
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	759.	Costa, De Fina, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C (1 min) 10 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min)
Capillary	SLB-5 MS	762.	Costa, De Fina, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	767.	Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
Capillary	DB-5 MS	769.	Watanabe, Ueda, et al., 2008	30. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -10 0C (3 min) 50 0C/min -> 40 0C 5 0C/min -> 290 0C (5 min)
Capillary	HP-5 MS	771.	Xie, Sun, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C
Capillary	HP-5	765.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min)
Capillary	HP-5	759.	Zhao, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5 MS	760.	Zhu, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min)
Capillary	DB-5 MS	764.	Zhu, Li, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2.8 min) 5.5 0C/min -> 140 0C (1 min) 4.5 oC/min -> 220 0C -> 225 0C (2 min) 3.4 0C/min -> 265 0C (5 min)
Capillary	HP-1	744.	Barra, Baldovini, et al., 2007	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 2C/min => 200C => 15C/min => 250C (30min)
Capillary	DB-5 MS	768.	Cajka, Hajslova, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (0.75 min) 10 0C/min -> 200 0C 30 0C/min -> 245 0C (1.25 min)
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	751.	Chen and Feng, 2007	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	750.	Feng and Mu, 2007	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	767.	Lin, Peng, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 40C(1min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 200C(9min)
Capillary	DB-5 MS	767.	Liu, Xu, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 100 0C 4 0C/min -> 180 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C (12 min)
Capillary	DB-5	760.	Pellicer, 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	763.	Pellicer, 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Pellicer, 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Pellicer, 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	765.	Splivallo, Bossi, et al., 2007	He; Program: 50C => 3C/min => 200C(10min) => 10C/min => 290C(10min)
Capillary	5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane	765.	Beaulieu J.C. and Lea J.M., 2006	30. m/0.25 mm/0.75 μm; Program: 50C(1min) => 5C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 190C => 30C/min => 250C(1min)
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	751.	Kou, Zhang, et al., 2006	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	742.	Cramer, Mattinson, et al., 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 33C(5min) => 2C/min => 50c => 5C/min => 225C
Capillary	CP-Sil5 CB MS	740.	Iraqi, Vermeulen, et al., 2005	50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C(2min) => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C(30min)
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups	764.	Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	764.	Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	761.	Thierry, Maillard, et al., 2005	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	SPB-5	744.	Crook, Boylston, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30C(3min) => 5C/min => 80C => 4C/min => 95C => 5C/min => 115C => 10C/min => 200C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	751.	Fu and Wang, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	770.	Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	DB-5	770.	Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
Capillary	MDN-5	755.	Moretti, Madonia, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (1 min) ballistically -> 60 0C 2 0C/min -> 120 0C 5 0C/min -> 280 0C (5 min)
Capillary	MDN-5	749.	Turchimi, Mentasti, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (1 min) 120 0C/min -> 60 0C 2 0C/min -> 280 0C
Capillary	SE-30	756.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	SPB-5	761.	Begnaud, Pérès, et al., 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	766.	Jordán, Margaría, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	750.	Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003	Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	757.	Counet, Callemien, et al., 2002	50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C=3C/min => 250C(30min)
Capillary	HP-5	760.0	David, Scanlan, et al., 2002	50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	766.	Jordán, Margaría, et al., 2002	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C (6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C
Capillary	Methyl phenyl siloxane (not specified)	763.	Poligne, Collignan, et al., 2002	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-5	764.	Staples E.S., 2002	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	787.	N/A	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-5	730.	Jordán, Shaw, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C (6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxane	757.	Spanier, Shahidi, et al., 2001	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	750.	Estrada and Gutierrez, 1999	Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	723.	Guyot, Bouseta, et al., 1998	50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He; Program: 30C => 55C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C
Capillary	SPB-1	753.	Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997	60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	760.	Misharina, 1995	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	758.	Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	758.	Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 1993	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 3 min at 5 C; 5 - 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 - 220 C at 5 deg/min
Capillary	SPB-1	753.	Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992	60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
Capillary	SPB-1	763.	Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992	60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	744.	Binder, Flath, et al., 1989	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	744.	Binder and Flath, 1989	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	CP Sil 8 CB	764.	Weller and Wolf, 1989	40. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30 0C (1 min) 15 0C/min -> 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 120 0C
Capillary	OV-101	756.	Shibamoto, 1987	Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.	746.	Waggott and Davies, 1984	Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	OV-1	766.	Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982	Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-30	772.	Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981, 2	He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Program: -10C (8min) => 12C/min => 26C => 3C/min => 170C (30min)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Packed	Carbowax 20M	100.	1237.	Yabumoto, Jennings, et al., 1977

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1260.	Feng, Zhuang, et al., 2011	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
Capillary	AT-Wax	1206.	Kiss, Csoka, et al., 2011	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	FFAP	1233.	Piyachaiseth, Jirapakkul, et al., 2011	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
Capillary	VF-Wax MS	1244.	Duarte, Dias, et al., 2010	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 25. min
Capillary	CP Wax 52 CB	1254.	Birtic, Ginies, et al., 2009	30. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
Capillary	CP-Wax	1255.	Mo, Fan, et al., 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1255.	Zhao, Xu, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1237.	Thakeow, Angeli, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 1.5 min, 6.5 K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Stabilwax	1238.	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1259.	Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 5. K/min; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1260.	Hymete, Rohloff, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 2. min
Capillary	FFAP	1272.	Nebesny, Budryn, et al., 2007	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 320. C @ 45. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1256.	Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1257.	Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1259.	Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min
Capillary	BP-20	1259.	Rawat, Gulati, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
Capillary	BP-20	1259.	Rawat, Gulati, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 70. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
Capillary	TR-WAX	1250.	Tena N., Lazzez A., et al., 2007	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1268.	Xu, Fan, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1268.	Fan and Qian, 2006, 2	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1264.	Fan and Qian, 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
Capillary	TR-WAX	1255.	Salas J.J., Garcia-Gonzalez D.L., et al., 2006	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1264.	Wierda R.L., Fletcher G., et al., 2006	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Innowax	1244.	Joichi, Yomogida, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	Stabilwax DA	1241.	Nogueira, Lubachevsky, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1213.	Rizzolo, Cambiaghi, et al., 2005	60. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, 50. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	TR-WAX	1255.	Salas, Sánchez, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1252.	N/A	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	ZB-Wax	1255.	N/A	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary	HP-FFAP	1262.	López, Guzmán, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 120. C @ 3. min
Capillary	PEG-20M	1248.	Narain, Almeida, et al., 2004	50. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1272.	Alves and Franco, 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 50. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Stabilwax	1238.	Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003, 2	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1253.	Dregus and Engel, 2003	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1275.	Saura, LAencina, et al., 2003	Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.70 mm; T_end: 280. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1250.	Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1248.	Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	RTX-Wax	1258.	Galindo-Cuspinera, Lubran, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 180. C @ 20. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1253.	Hayata, Sakamoto, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1251.	Ito, Sugimoto, et al., 2002	60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1244.	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2002	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1259.	Chyau and Mau, 2001	60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 5. min, 1.5 K/min, 210. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1233.	Weckerle, Bastl-Borrmann, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1285.	Girard and Durance, 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1217.	Lee and Shibamoto, 2000	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1276.	Tamura, Boonbumrung, et al., 2000	Nitrogen, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Umano, Hagi, et al., 2000	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1235.	Xue, Ye, et al., 2000	He, 60. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 190. C @ 20. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
Capillary	DB-Wax	1246.	Buttery, Orts, et al., 1999	30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 170. C @ 60. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	Carbowax	1210.	Menon, Chacko, et al., 1999	N2, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 80. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1246.	Buttery and Ling, 1998	30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 170. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1259.	Campeanu, Burcea, et al., 1998	60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
Capillary	PEG-20M	1228.	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1246.	Parada and Duque, 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Parada and Duque, 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min
Capillary	Innowax	1260.	Petersen, Poll, et al., 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 10. min, 6. K/min, 240. C @ 25. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1230.	Ravichandran and Parthiban, 1998	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 230. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997	He, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1262.	Wada and Shibamoto, 1997	He, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 40. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	TC-Wax	1244.	Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996	80. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1260.	Wong and Lai, 1996	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
Capillary	DB-Wax	1257.	Young, Gilbert, et al., 1996	30. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Hydrogen, 30. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; T_end: 190. C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1244.	Girard and Lau, 1995	90. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 20. min, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1231.	Kawakami, Ganguly, et al., 1995	60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1242.	Kobayashi, Tsuda, et al., 1995	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1243.	Kobayashi, Tsuda, et al., 1995	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	PEG-20M	1229.	Togari, Kobayashi, et al., 1995	50. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	PEG-20M	1231.	Togari, Kobayashi, et al., 1995	50. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993	60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1232.	Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1231.	Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991	He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	PEG-20M	1238.	Kubota, Nakamoto, et al., 1991	N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1213.	Anker, Jurs, et al., 1990	2. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; T_start: 70. C; T_end: 170. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1247.	Binder, Benson, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1247.	Binder, Turner, et al., 1990	4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 50. C
Capillary	SP-1000	1271.	De Llano D.G., Ramos M., et al., 1990	25. m/0.2 mm/0.43 μm, N2, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1245.	Binder, Flath, et al., 1989	50. C @ 0.1 min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1223.	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988	N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1224.	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1988	N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 180. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1223.	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987	N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1224.	Mihara, Tateba, et al., 1987	N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; T_start: 80. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1236.	Labropoulos, Palmer, et al., 1982	Helium, 10. K/min; Column length: 31. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; T_start: 40. C; T_end: 200. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1230.	Buttery, Parker, et al., 1981	50. C @ 30. min, 1. K/min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.64 mm; T_end: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Gyawali and Kim, 2012	60. m/0.20 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min) 5 0C/min -> 230 0C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Welke, Manfroi, et al., 2012	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1259.	Feng, Zhuang, et al., 2011	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SOLGel-Wax	1265.	Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
Capillary	SOLGel-Wax	1256.	Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1262.	Sampaio, Garruti, et al., 2011	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 35 0C (9 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 1 0C/min -> 100 0C 16 0C/min -> 210 0C (20 min)
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1258.	Xiao, Dai, et al., 2011	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 3 0C/min -> 150 0C 5 0C/min -> 220 0C (5 min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1231.	Kadar, Juan-Borras, et al., 2010	60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 190 0C (11 min) 8 0C/min -> 220 0C (8 min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1256.	Gyawali and Kim, 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min)
Capillary	FFAP	1262.	Ortiz, Echeverra, et al., 2009	50. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium; Program: 70 0C (1 min) 3 0C/min -> 142 0C 5 0C/min -> 225 0C (10 min)
Capillary	CP-Wax 52 CB	1244.	Romeo, Verzera, et al., 2009	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (5 min) 3 0C/min -> 150 0C 10 0C/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1242.	Rowan, Hunt, et al., 2009	20. m/0.18 mm/0.18 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (1 min) 2/9 0C/min -> 100 0C 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (5 min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1249.	Zhao, Xu, et al., 2009	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1255.	Tao, Wenlai, et al., 2008	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C 20 0C/min -> 80 0C 3 0C/min -> 230 0C
Capillary	PEG 20M	1255.	Zhang, Zhang, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (3 min) 5 0C/min -> 60 0C 6 0C/min -> 130 0C 10 0C/min -> 230 0C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1256.	Berard, Bianchi, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 6C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1261.	Berard, Bianchi, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 6C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1258.	Bosch-Fuste, Riu-Aumatell, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(10min) => 2C/min => 200C(1min) => 2C/min => 250C (10min)
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1224.	Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 2007	Program: not specified
Capillary	FFAP	1253.	Lara, Echeverría, et al., 2007	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 142C => 5C/min => 225C (10min)
Capillary	FFAP	1253.	Lopez, Villatoro, et al., 2007	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 142C => 5C/min => 225C(10min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1241.	Tian, Zhang, et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 150 0C 8 0C/min -> 230 0C (15 min)
Capillary	PEG-20M	1255.	Zhang C., Zhang H., et al., 2007	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 130C => 10C/min => 230C (10min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1253.	Gyawalia, Seo, et al., 2006	60. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 220C(20min) => 5C/min => 230C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1248.	Dhifi, Angerosa, et al., 2005	50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, H2; Program: 25C(7min) => 0.8C/min => 33C => 2.4C/min => 80C => 3.7C/min => 155C (20min)
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1239.	Editorial paper, 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1249.	Editorial paper, 2005	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1255.	Mattheis, Fan, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(5min) => 2C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 200C (5min)
Capillary	FFAP	1253.	Echeverría, Correa, et al., 2004	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 142C => 5C/min => 225C(10min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Kim. J.H., Ahn, et al., 2004	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C 4 0C/min -> 200 0C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1240.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	HP-FFAP	1253.	Echeverria, Fuentes, et al., 2003	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 142C => 5C/min => 225C (10min)
Capillary	PEG-20M	1260.	Garruti, Franco, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 50C(8min) => 4C/min => 110C => 16C/min => 200C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1255.	Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 2003	30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 60C(2min) => 2C/min => 220C => 3C/min => 245C(20min)
Capillary	HP Innowax FSP	1260.	Tasdemir, Demirci, et al., 2003	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C (10min) => 1C/min => 240C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Miranda, Nogueira, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 25 0C (0.5 min) 50 K/min -> 50 0C 3.5 K/min -> 150 0C 7.5 K/min -> 240 0C
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1250.	Muresan, Eillebrecht, et al., 2000	50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 3C/min => 190C => 10C/min => 250C(5min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1248.	Caldentey, Daria Fumi, et al., 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 25C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C
Capillary	PEG-20M	1230.	Ding, Deng, et al., 1998	Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1245.	Jakobsen, Hansen, et al., 1998	50. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, He; Program: 30C (1.5min) => 3C/min => 120C => 10C/min => 220C (3.5min)
Capillary	CP-Wax 52 CB	1266.	Carro Marino, López Tamames, et al., 1995	H2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 60 0C 2 0C/min -> 220 0C 3 0C/min -> 245 0C
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1213.	Chang, Seitz, et al., 1995	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => 7C/min => 140C => 17.5C/min => 230C
Capillary	CP Wax 52 CB	1243.	Patterson and Stevenson, 1995	50. m/0.32 mm/0.20 μm; Program: 50 0C (10 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C 5 0C/min -> 150 0C 7 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min)
Capillary	CP-Wax 52CB	1233.	Luning, de Rijk, et al., 1994	50. m/0.32 mm/1.5 μm; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1270.	Marlatt, Ho, et al., 1992	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Mattheis, Buchanan, et al., 1992	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (5min) => 2C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 200C(5min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1252.	Mattheis, Buchanan, et al., 1992	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C (5min) => 2C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 200C(5min)
Capillary	Supelcowax-10	1252.	Miranda-Lopez, Libbey, et al., 1992	30. m/0.53 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 80C(5min) => 5C/min => 155C => 4C/min => 240C(30min)
Capillary	DB-Wax	1200.	Peng, Yang, et al., 1991, 2	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1236.	Peng, Yang, et al., 1991, 2	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1250.	Binder, Flath, et al., 1989	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-Wax	1247.	Binder and Flath, 1989	Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1213.	Shibamoto, 1987	Program: not specified

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Lara, I.; Echeverría, G.; Graell, J.; López, M.L., Volatile Emission after Controlled Atmosphere Storage of Mondial Gala Apples (Malus domestica): Relationship to Some Involved Enzyme Activities, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 15, 6087-6095, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf070464h . [all data]

Lopez, Villatoro, et al., 2007
Lopez, M.L.; Villatoro, C.; Fuentes, T.; Graell, J.; Lara, I.; Echeverria, G., Volatile compounds, quality parameters and consumer acceptance of 'Pink Lady®' apples stored in different conditions, Postharvest Biol. Technol., 2007, 43, 1, 55-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.postharvbio.2006.07.009 . [all data]

Tian, Zhang, et al., 2007
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Zhang C., Zhang H., et al., 2007
Zhang C.; Zhang H.; Wang L.; Gao H.; Guo X.N.; Yao H.Y., Improvement of texture properties and flavor of frozen dough by carrot (Daucus carota) antifreeze protein supplementation, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 23, 9620-9626, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0717034 . [all data]

Gyawalia, Seo, et al., 2006
Gyawalia, R.; Seo, H.-Y.; Lee, H.-J.; Song, H.-P.; Kim, D.-H.; Byun, M.-W.; Kim, K.-S., Effect of γ-irradiation on volatile compounds of dried Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.), Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2006, 75, 2, 322-328, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.07.001 . [all data]

Dhifi, Angerosa, et al., 2005
Dhifi, W.; Angerosa, F.; Serraiocco, A.; Oumar, I.; Hamrouni, I.; Marzouk, B., Virgin olive oil aroma: Characterization of some Tunisian cultivars, Food Chem., 2005, 93, 4, 697-701, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.12.036 . [all data]

Editorial paper, 2005
Editorial paper, Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) Application Guide, The Reporter Europe (Supelco), 2005, 16, 5, 12-12. [all data]

Mattheis, Fan, et al., 2005
Mattheis, J.P.; Fan, X.; Argenta, L.C., Interactive Responses of Gala Apple Fruit Volatile Production to Controlled Atmosphere Storage and Chemical Inhibition of Ethylene Action, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53, 11, 4510-4516, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf050121o . [all data]

Echeverría, Correa, et al., 2004
Echeverría, G.; Correa, E.; Ruiz-Altisent, M.; Graell, J.; Puy, J.; López, L., Characterization of Fuji apples from different harvest dates and storage conditions from measurements of volatiles by gas chromatography and electronic nose, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 10, 3069-3076, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf035271i . [all data]

Kim. J.H., Ahn, et al., 2004
Kim. J.H.; Ahn, H.J.; Yook, H.S.; Kim, K.S.; Rhee, M.S.; Ryu, G.H.; Byun, M.W., Color, flavor, and sensory characteristics of gamma-irradiated salted and fermented anchovy sauce, Radiation Phys. Chem., 2004, 69, 2, 179-187, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-806X(03)00400-6 . [all data]

Echeverria, Fuentes, et al., 2003
Echeverria, G.; Fuentes, M.T.; Graell, J.; Lopez, M.L., Relationships between volatile production, fruit quality and sensory evaluation of Fuji apples stored in different atmospheres by means of multivariate analysis, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2003, 84, 1, 5-20, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1554 . [all data]

Garruti, Franco, et al., 2003
Garruti, D.S.; Franco, M.R.B.; da Silva, M.A.A.P.; Janzantti, N.S.; Alves, G.L., Evaluation of volatile flavour compounds from cashew apple (Anacardium occidentale L) juice by the Osme gas chromatography/olfactometry technique, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2003, 83, 14, 1455-1462, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1560 . [all data]

Selli, Cabaroglu, et al., 2003
Selli, s.; Cabaroglu, T.; Canbas, A., Flavour components of orange wine made from a Turkish cv. Kozan, Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 2003, 38, 5, 587-593, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2003.00691.x . [all data]

Tasdemir, Demirci, et al., 2003
Tasdemir, D.; Demirci, B.; Demirci, F.; Dönmez, A.A.; Baser, K.H.C.; Rüedi, P., Analysis of the Volatile Components of Five Turkish Rhododendron Species by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction and GC-MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS), Z. Naturforsch., 2003, 58c, 797-803. [all data]

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Miranda, E.J.F.; Nogueira, R.I.; Pontes, S.M.; Rezende, C.M., Odour-active compounds of banana passa identified by aroma extract dilution analysis, Flavour Fragr. J., 2001, 16, 4, 281-285, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.997 . [all data]

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Notes

Symbols used in this document:

AE	Appearance energy
C_p,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
C_p,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
P_c	Critical pressure
S°_gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
S°_liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
T	Temperature
T_boil	Boiling point
T_c	Critical temperature
T_fus	Fusion (melting) point
T_triple	Triple point temperature
V_c	Critical volume
Δ_cH°_liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
Δ_fH°_liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
Δ_fusH	Enthalpy of fusion
Δ_fusS	Entropy of fusion
Δ_rG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_rS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
ρ_c	Critical density

Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
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1-Pentanol

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Gas phase thermochemistry data

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

Reduced pressure boiling point

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Reaction thermochemistry data

Individual Reactions

Free energy of reaction

Free energy of reaction

Free energy of reaction

Gas phase ion energetics data

Proton affinity at 298K

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

Ion clustering data

Clustering reactions

Free energy of reaction

Free energy of reaction

Free energy of reaction

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Spectrum

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Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Kovats' RI, polar column, custom temperature program

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

References

Notes