1-Butanol

• Formula: C₄H₁₀O
• Molecular weight: 74.1216
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10O/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 71-36-3
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Butyl alcohol; n-Butan-1-ol; n-Butanol; n-Butyl alcohol; Butyl hydroxide; CCS 203; Hemostyp; Methylolpropane; Propylcarbinol; n-C4H9OH; Butanol; Butan-1-ol; 1-Hydroxybutane; Alcool butylique; Butanolo; Butylowy alkohol; Butyric alcohol; Propylmethanol; Butanolen; 1-Butyl alcohol; Rcra waste number U031; Butanol-1; NSC 62782
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• Information on this page:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Database
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-αT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
    Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₄H₉O^- +  =

By formula: C₄H₉O^- + H⁺ = C₄H₁₀O

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Counsell, Hales, et al., 1965
Counsell, J.F.; Hales, J.L.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part 16. Butyl alcohol, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1869-1875. [all data]

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Counsell, J.F.; Hales, J.L.; Martin, J.F., Thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. Part 16.?Butyl alcohol, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1965, 61, 1869, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9656101869 . [all data]

Parks, 1925, 2
Parks, G.S., Thermal data on organic compounds: I the heat capacities and free energies of methyl, ethyl and n-butyl alcohol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 338-45. [all data]

Gude and Teja, 1995
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Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Muñoz and Krähenbühl, 2001
Muñoz, Laura A.L.; Krähenbühl, M. Alvina, Isobaric Vapor Liquid Equilibrium (VLE) Data of the Systems n -Butanol + Butyric Acid and n -Butanol + Acetic Acid, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2001, 46, 1, 120-124, https://doi.org/10.1021/je000033u . [all data]

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Dejoz, Ana; Cruz Burguet, M.; Munoz, Rosa; Sanchotello, Margarita, Isobaric Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Tetrachloroethylene with 1-Butanol and 2-Butanol at 6 and 20 kPa, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1995, 40, 1, 290-292, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00017a064 . [all data]

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Wilhoit, R.C.; Zwolinski, B.J., Physical and thermodynamic properties of aliphatic alcohols, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data Suppl., 1973, 1, 2, 1. [all data]

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Kemme, Herbert R.; Kreps, Saul I., Vapor pressure of primary n-alkyl chlorides and alcohols, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1969, 14, 1, 98-102, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60040a011 . [all data]

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Ambrose, D.; Townsend, R., Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Oxygen Compounds. Part 9. The Critical Properties and Vapour Pressures, above Five Atmospheres, of Six Aliphatic Alcohols, J. Chem. Soc., 1963, 3614-3625, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9630003614 . [all data]

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Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  Pc	Critical pressure
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  Vc	Critical volume
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ρc	Critical density

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