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Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-1140.1588.Beens, Tijssen, et al., 199810. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He
CapillarySE-30120.1590.Gusev, Sokolov, et al., 1989H2; Column length: 40. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB240.1600.8Hanai and Hong, 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
CapillaryDB-1240.1586.Hanai and Hong, 198930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm
CapillaryApolane160.1586.8Soják, Krupcík, et al., 1980N2 or H2; Column length: 250. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryApiezon L154.1588.1Soják, Krupcík, et al., 1980N2 or H2; Column length: 250. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane130.1584.Soják, Hrivnák, et al., 1974 
CapillarySqualane130.1584.Soják, Hrivnák, et al., 1974 

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1011590.Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 19842. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-1011593.Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 19842. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP-Wax240.1666.Hanai and Hong, 198925. m/0.25 mm/0.22 μm
CapillaryDB-Wax240.1655.Hanai and Hong, 198925. m/0.25 mm/0.22 μm
CapillaryPEG-20M110.1626.Rang, Orav, et al., 1988 
CapillaryCarbowax 20M110.1625.7Soják, Krupcík, et al., 1980N2; Column length: 300. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-51588.bin Jantan, Yalvema, et al., 200525. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 75. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 210. C @ 1. min
CapillaryHP-51579.Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 60. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryHP-5MS1587.Mimica-Dukic, Kujundzic, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryHP-51590.Skaltsa, Demetzos, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-51591.6Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51591.9Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51591.7Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51591.6Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51592.7Song, Lai, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51592.Nogueira, Bittrich, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-51593.Skaltsa, Lazari, et al., 200030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-11587.Beens, Tijssen, et al., 199810. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 225. C
CapillaryDB-51591.7Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51591.6Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51592.7Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51591.6Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C
CapillaryDB-51591.9Lai and Song, 199530. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 310. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBPX-51590.Cardeal, da Silva, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(5min) => 3C/min => 210C => 40C/min => 240C (4min)
CapillaryDB-5MS1600.Varlet V., Knockaert C., et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 80C(1min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 280C (4min)
CapillaryDB-51592.Zaikin and Borisov, 2002He; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: 30C => 5K/min=120C => 10C/min => 270C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1630.Pennarun, Prost, et al., 200330. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C => 6C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5 MS1593.Radulovic, Blagojevic, et al., 201030. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min, 290. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 70. C
CapillaryDB-51590.Scrivanti, Anton, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryHP-1011594.Mastelic, Jerkovic, et al., 200625. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 70. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min
CapillaryPetrocol DH1590.Sojak, Kubinec, et al., 2006150. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryHP-51592.Duarte, Figueira, et al., 200525. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 7. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryHP-51593.2Leffingwell and Alford, 200560. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
CapillaryDB-51590.Rout, Misra, et al., 200525. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 80. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryDB-51590.Morteza-Semnani, Saeedi, et al., 200230. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryOV-11588.Ramaroson-Raonizafinimanana, Gaydou, et al., 199725. m/0.31 mm/0.15 μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-11590.Binder and French, 19944. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryCross-Linked Methylsilicone1590.Bravo and Hotchkiss, 1993He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 225. C
CapillaryDB-11595.Shiota, 199330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-11600.Shiota, 199330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryUltra-11588.Okumura, 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 260. C
CapillaryDB-11586.Binder, Benson, et al., 19904. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C
CapillarySE-541593.Scribe, Ngoumbi-Nzouzi, et al., 19902. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryOV-1011590.Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-1011589.Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990Nitrogen, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
PackedApiezon L1597.Dahlmann, Köser, et al., 1979Chromosorb G-AW-DMCS, 10. K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 25. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-51593.Yusuf and Bewaji, 2011Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-11581.Delort and Jaquier, 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 3 0C/min -> 120 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (20 min)
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB1590.Radusiene, Judzentiene, et al., 200750. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 160 0C (1 min) 10 0C/min -> 280 0C (3 min)
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS1593.Mockute, Bernotiene, et al., 2003Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 60C(1min) => 3C/min => 70C => 15C/min => 170C(8min) => 5C/min => 250C
CapillaryDB-51590.Morteza-Semnani and Vahedi, 2002Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-51593.Timón, Ventanas, et al., 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 35 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min) 5 0C/min -> 230 0C (50 min)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1645.Beck, Higbee, et al., 200860. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1647.Beck, Higbee, et al., 200860. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101649.Korány, Mednyánszky, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1655.Chung, Eiserich, et al., 199360. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1644.Binder, Benson, et al., 19904. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelco CO Wax-101645.Prompona, Kandylis, et al., 201260. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (6 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 25 0C/min -> 250 0C (6 min)
CapillaryHP-Innowax FSC1654.Tunalier, Candan, et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: 60C(10min) => 4C/min => 220C(10min) => 1C/min => 240C
CapillaryDB-Wax1654.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5267.8Donnelly, Abdel-Hamid, et al., 199330. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 285. C @ 29.5 min

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5270.3Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007Column length: 60. m; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998
Beens, J.; Tijssen, R.; Blomberg, J., Prediction of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic separations. A theoretical and practical exercise, J. Chromatogr. A, 1998, 822, 2, 233-251, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(98)00649-9 . [all data]

Gusev, Sokolov, et al., 1989
Gusev, G.M.; Sokolov, V.P.; Yurov, V.V.; Kuznetsov, A.V.; Potatuev, A.A., Identification of olefins during hydrocarboxylation, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1989, 44, 551-555. [all data]

Hanai and Hong, 1989
Hanai, T.; Hong, C., Structure-retention correlation in CGC, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1989, 12, 5, 327-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240120517 . [all data]

Soják, Krupcík, et al., 1980
Soják, L.; Krupcík, J.; Janák, J., Gas chromatography of all C15-C18 linear alkenes on capillary columns with very high resolution power, J. Chromatogr., 1980, 195, 1, 43-64, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81542-3 . [all data]

Soják, Hrivnák, et al., 1974
Soják, L.; Hrivnák, J.; Ostrovský, I.; Janák, J., Capillary Gas Chromatography of Linear Alkenes on Squalane. Separation and Identification of n-Pentadecenes and n-Hexadecenes, J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 613-622, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97942-7 . [all data]

Ohnishi and Shibamoto, 1984
Ohnishi, S.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile compounds from heated beef fat and beef fat with glycine, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1984, 32, 5, 987-992, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00125a008 . [all data]

Rang, Orav, et al., 1988
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bin Jantan, Yalvema, et al., 2005
bin Jantan, I.; Yalvema, M.F.; Ayop, N.; Ahmad, A.S., Constituents of the essential oils of Cinnamomum sintoc Blume from a mountain forest of Peninsular Malaysia, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 6, 601-604, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1495 . [all data]

Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2003
Flamini, G.; Luigi Cioni, P.; Morelli, I., Short communication. Use of solid-phase micro-extraction as a sampling technique in the determination of volatiles emitted by flowers, isolated flower parts and pollen, J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 998, 1-2, 229-233, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00641-1 . [all data]

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Mimica-Dukic, N.; Kujundzic, S.; Sokovic, M.; Couladis, M., Essential oil composition and antifungal activity of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. obtained by different distillation conditions, Phytother. Res., 2003, 17, 4, 368-371, https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1159 . [all data]

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Skaltsa, H.D.; Demetzos, C.; Lazari, D.; Sokovic, M., Essential oil analysis and antimicrobial activity of eight Stachys species from Greece, Phytochemistry, 2003, 64, 3, 743-752, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00386-8 . [all data]

Song, Lai, et al., 2003
Song, C.; Lai, W.-C.; Madhusudan Reddy, K.; Wei, B., Chapter 7. Temperature-programmed retention indices for GC and GC-MS of hydrocarbon fuels and simulated distillation GC of heavy oils in Analytical advances for hydrocarbon research, Hsu,C.S., ed(s)., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, 2003, 147-193. [all data]

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Binder, R.G.; Benson, M.E.; Flath, R.A., Volatile Components of Safflower, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1990, 38, 5, 1245-1248, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00095a020 . [all data]

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Scribe, P.; Ngoumbi-Nzouzi, J.-S.; Fuché, C.; Pèpe, C.; Saliot, A., Biogeochemistry of organic matter in Lake Geneva: I. Particulate hydrocarbons as biogenic and anthropogenic molecular markers, Hydrobiologia, 1990, 207, 1, 319-331, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00041471 . [all data]

Sugisawa, Nakamura, et al., 1990
Sugisawa, H.; Nakamura, K.; Tamura, H., The aroma profile of the volatile in marine green algae (Ulva pertusa), Food Reviews International, 1990, 6, 4, 573-589, https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129009540893 . [all data]

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Dahlmann, G.; Köser, H.J.K.; Oelert, H.H., Multiple korrelation von retentionsindizes, Chromatographia, 1979, 12, 10, 665-671, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02302943 . [all data]

Yusuf and Bewaji, 2011
Yusuf, O.K.; Bewaji, C.O., Evaluation of essential oils composition of methanolic Allium sativum extract on Trypanosoma brucei infected rats, Res. Pharmaceutical Biotechnol., 2011, 3, 2, 17-21. [all data]

Delort and Jaquier, 2009
Delort, E.; Jaquier, A., Novel terpenyl esters from Australian finger lime (Citrus australasica) peel extract, Flav. Fragr. J., 2009, 24, 3, 123-132, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1922 . [all data]

Radusiene, Judzentiene, et al., 2007
Radusiene, J.; Judzentiene, A.; Peciulyte, D.; Janulis, V., Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Assay of Acorus calamus Leaves from Different Wild Populations, Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization, 2007, 5, 1, 37-44, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479262107390928 . [all data]

Mockute, Bernotiene, et al., 2003
Mockute, D.; Bernotiene, G.; Judzentiene, A., Volatile compounds of the aerial parts of wild St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) plants, Chemija, 2003, 14, 3, 108-111. [all data]

Morteza-Semnani and Vahedi, 2002
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Notes

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