Benzonitrile, 4-nitro-

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δsub91.1 ± 1.3kJ/molMERoux, Jiménez, et al., 2003Based on data from 305. to 322. K.

Enthalpy of sublimation

ΔsubH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
90.5 ± 1.3313.MERoux, Jiménez, et al., 2003Based on data from 305. to 322. K.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference
17.73420.6DSCJiménez, Roux, et al., 2002

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

Bromine anion + Benzonitrile, 4-nitro- = (Bromine anion • Benzonitrile, 4-nitro-)

By formula: Br- + C7H4N2O2 = (Br- • C7H4N2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr77.8 ± 7.5kJ/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of mCF3-nitrobenzene..Br-; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.J/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr38. ± 4.2kJ/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of mCF3-nitrobenzene..Br-; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
38.423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + Benzonitrile, 4-nitro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzonitrile, 4-nitro-)

By formula: Cl- + C7H4N2O2 = (Cl- • C7H4N2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr83.7 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr83.7J/mol*KPHPMSChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr58.6 ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B

Nitrogen oxide anion + Benzonitrile, 4-nitro- = (Nitrogen oxide anion • Benzonitrile, 4-nitro-)

By formula: NO2- + C7H4N2O2 = (NO2- • C7H4N2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr78.7 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsGrimsrud, Chowdhury, et al., 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr90.0J/mol*KPHPMSGrimsrud, Chowdhury, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr51.9 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsGrimsrud, Chowdhury, et al., 1986gas phase; B

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)775.7kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity745.1kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Electron affinity determinations

EA (eV) Method Reference Comment
1.73 ± 0.10TDEqChowdhury, Heinis, et al., 1986ΔGea(423 K) = -38.7 kcal/mol; ΔSea = -2.7 eu.; B
1.687 ± 0.087IMREHuh, Kang, et al., 1999ΔG(EA) 343K; anchored to ΔG value. Including anchor ΔS, EA is ca. 0.4 kcal/mol more bound.; B
<1.770 ± 0.050PDMock and Grimsrud, 1989B

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
10.59 ± 0.05EIBuchs, 1970RDSH
10.2 ± 0.1EIBrown, 1970RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C7H4N+12.4 ± 0.1NO2EIBrown, 1970RDSH
C7H4NO+10.8 ± 0.1NOEIBrown, 1970RDSH

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

Bromine anion + Benzonitrile, 4-nitro- = (Bromine anion • Benzonitrile, 4-nitro-)

By formula: Br- + C7H4N2O2 = (Br- • C7H4N2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr77.8 ± 7.5kJ/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of mCF3-nitrobenzene..Br-; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr92.J/mol*KN/APaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr38. ± 4.2kJ/molIMREPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of mCF3-nitrobenzene..Br-; B

Free energy of reaction

ΔrG° (kJ/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
38.423.PHPMSPaul and Kebarle, 1991gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M

Chlorine anion + Benzonitrile, 4-nitro- = (Chlorine anion • Benzonitrile, 4-nitro-)

By formula: Cl- + C7H4N2O2 = (Cl- • C7H4N2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr83.7 ± 4.2kJ/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr83.7J/mol*KPHPMSChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr58.6 ± 6.7kJ/molTDAsChowdhury and Kebarle, 1986gas phase; B

Nitrogen oxide anion + Benzonitrile, 4-nitro- = (Nitrogen oxide anion • Benzonitrile, 4-nitro-)

By formula: NO2- + C7H4N2O2 = (NO2- • C7H4N2O2)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr78.7 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsGrimsrud, Chowdhury, et al., 1986gas phase; B,M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr90.0J/mol*KPHPMSGrimsrud, Chowdhury, et al., 1986gas phase; M
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr51.9 ± 8.4kJ/molTDAsGrimsrud, Chowdhury, et al., 1986gas phase; B

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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IR spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract
State gas

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1998.
NIST MS number 292006

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References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Roux, Jiménez, et al., 2003
Roux, Maria Victoria; Jiménez, Pilar; Dávalos, Juan Z.; Temprado, Manuel; Liebman, Joel F., Destabilization in the isomeric nitrobenzonitriles: an experimental thermochemical study, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2003, 35, 5, 803-811, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9614(03)00017-X . [all data]

Jiménez, Roux, et al., 2002
Jiménez, Pilar; Roux, Maria Victoria; Dávalos, Juán Z.; Temprado, Manuel, Heat capacities and enthalpies of transitions of three nitrobenzonitriles, Thermochimica Acta, 2002, 394, 1-2, 25-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(02)00234-4 . [all data]

Paul and Kebarle, 1991
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P., Stabilities of Complexes of Br- with Substituted Benzenes (SB) Based on Determinations of the Gas-Phase Equilibria Br- + SB = (BrSB)-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 4, 1148, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00004a014 . [all data]

Chowdhury and Kebarle, 1986
Chowdhury, S.; Kebarle, P., Role of Binding Energies in A-.B and A.B- Complexes in the Kinetics of Gas Phase Electron Transfer Reactions:A- + B = A + B- Involving Perfluoro Compounds: SF6, C6F11CF3, J. Chem. Phys., 1986, 85, 9, 4989, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.451687 . [all data]

Grimsrud, Chowdhury, et al., 1986
Grimsrud, E.P.; Chowdhury, S.; Kebarle, P., Gas Phase Reactions of NO2- with Nitrobenzenes and Quinones. Electron Transfer, Clusters, and Formation of Phenoxide and Quinoxide Negative Ions. Use of NO2 as a NICI Reagent Gas., Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1986, 68, 1-2, 57, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(86)87068-9 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Chowdhury, Heinis, et al., 1986
Chowdhury, S.; Heinis, T.; Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P., Entropy Changes and Electron Affinities from Gas-Phase Electron Transfer Equilibria: A- + B = A + B-, J. Phys. Chem., 1986, 90, 12, 2747, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100403a037 . [all data]

Huh, Kang, et al., 1999
Huh, C.; Kang, C.H.; Lee, H.W.; Nakamura, H.; Mishima, M.; Tsuno, Y.; Yamataka, H., Thermodynamic stabilities and resonance demand of aromatic radical anions in the gas phase, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1999, 72, 5, 1083-1091, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.72.1083 . [all data]

Mock and Grimsrud, 1989
Mock, R.S.; Grimsrud, E.P., Gas-Phase Electron Photodetachment Spectroscopy of the Molecular Anions of Nitroaromatic Hydrocarbons at Atmospheric Pressure, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1989, 111, 8, 2861, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00190a020 . [all data]

Buchs, 1970
Buchs, A., Etude par spectrometrie de masse de l'ionisation de benzonitriles, de phenylacetonitriles et de N,N-dimethylanilines substitues, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1970, 53, 2026. [all data]

Brown, 1970
Brown, P., Kinetic studies in mass spectrometry. IX. Competing [M-NO2] and [M-NO] reactions in substituted nitrobenzenes. Approximate activation energies from ionization and appearance potentials, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1970, 4, 533. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References