Benzene, 1-ethenyl-2-methyl-
- Formula: C9H10
- Molecular weight: 118.1757
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 611-15-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Styrene, o-methyl-; o-Methylstyrene; o-Vinyltoluene; 1-Methyl-2-vinylbenzene; 2-Methylstyrene; 2-Vinyltoluene; 1-Ethenyl-2-methylbenzene; 2-Ethenylmethylbenzene; 2-Methyl-1-vinylbenzene
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 433.15 | K | N/A | Von Auwers, 1917 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 6. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 204.76 | K | N/A | Schwartzman and Corson, 1956 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Tfus | 204.58 | K | N/A | Clements, Wise, et al., 1953 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 K; TRC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
11.4 | 320. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 305. to 385. K. See also Clements, Wise, et al., 1953, 2.; AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
305.16 to 385.50 | 4.27180 | 1628.341 | -61.77 | Clements, Wise, et al., 1953, 2 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
View reactions leading to C9H10+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proton affinity (review) | 204.4 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 197.5 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
8.20 ± 0.02 | PE | Maier and Turner, 1973 | LLK |
8.53 | PE | Kobayashi, Yokota, et al., 1973 | Vertical value; LLK |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-101 | 0. | 955. | Skrbic and Vojinovic-Miloradov, 1994 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 106. | 978. | Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983 | He; Column length: 100. m |
Capillary | Squalane | 96. | 975. | Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983 | He; Column length: 100. m |
Capillary | SE-30 | 70. | 977.5 | Tóth, 1983 | N2; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 130. | 1000. | Bredael, 1982 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
Capillary | SE-30 | 80. | 982. | Bredael, 1982 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 972.1 | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 96. | 974.2 | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 987.5 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 120. | 993.2 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
Capillary | OV-101 | 140. | 1000.4 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 100. | 981. | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980 | He, Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Column length: 1. m |
Capillary | SE-30 | 65. | 990.6 | Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974 | He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | PEG-20M | 70. | 1342.2 | Tóth, 1983 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-1 | 981. | Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999 | 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 160. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 976. | Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 2 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C |
Capillary | SE-30 | 1016. | Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981 | He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Tend: 170. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000) | 978. | Cornwell and Cordano, 2003 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 985. | Zenkevich, 1995 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 982. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1327. | Umano, Hagi, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1342. | Cornwell and Cordano, 2003 | Program: not specified |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-5 | 161.3 | Wang, Hou, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 155.5 | Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007 | Column length: 60. m; Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-5MS | 163.2 | Aracil, Font, et al., 2005 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | HP-5MS | 147.84 | Cheng, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 10 0C/min -> 230 0C |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Von Auwers, 1917
Von Auwers, K.,
Spectrochemistry of Benzene Derivatives, Cinnamic Esters, Hydroxystyrene, and Their Ethers,
Justus Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1917, 413, 253. [all data]
Schwartzman and Corson, 1956
Schwartzman, L.H.; Corson, B.B.,
Steric Hinderance. II. The Rates of Dehalogenation of Methyl- and Dimethylstyrene Dibromides,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 322. [all data]
Clements, Wise, et al., 1953
Clements, H.E.; Wise, K.V.; Johnson, S.E.J.,
Physical Properties of o-, m-, and p-Methylstyrene,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 1593. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Clements, Wise, et al., 1953, 2
Clements, H.E.; Wise, K.V.; Johnsen, S.E.J.,
Physical properties of o-, m- and p-methylstyrene,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1953, 75, 1593-1595. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Maier and Turner, 1973
Maier, J.P.; Turner, D.W.,
Steric inhibition of resonance studied by molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Part 2. Phenylethylenes,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1973, 69, 196. [all data]
Kobayashi, Yokota, et al., 1973
Kobayashi, T.; Yokota, K.; Nagakura, S.,
Photoelectron spectra of styrenes,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1973, 3, 449. [all data]
Skrbic and Vojinovic-Miloradov, 1994
Skrbic, B.D.; Vojinovic-Miloradov, M.B.,
A contribution to the qualitative GC analysis of some non-chlorinated xenobiotic chemicals in waste waters,
Water Sci. Technol., 1994, 30, 3, 91-93. [all data]
Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983
Kugucheva, E.E.; Mashinsky, V.I.,
Retention Indices of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Capillary Columns with Squalan and Polyphenyl Ether,
Zh. Anal. Khim. (Rus), 1983, 38, 11, 2023-2026. [all data]
Tóth, 1983
Tóth, T.,
Use of capillary gas chromatography in collecting retention and chemical information for the analysis of complex petrochemical mixtures,
J. Chromatogr., 1983, 279, 157-165, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)93614-3
. [all data]
Bredael, 1982
Bredael, P.,
Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1982, 5, 6, 325-328, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050610
. [all data]
Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982
Macák, J.; Nabivach, V.; Buryan, P.; Sindler, S.,
Dependence of retention indices of alkylbenzenes on their molecular structure,
J. Chromatogr., 1982, 234, 2, 285-302, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81867-1
. [all data]
Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981
Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M.,
Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions,
J. Chromatogr., 1981, 208, 1, 9-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)87953-4
. [all data]
Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980
Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V.,
Relationship between the gas chromatographic behaviour and the molecular structure of hydrocarbon samples and various stationary phases. Part II. Correlation between the retention index, physicochemical properties and molecular structure,
Chromatographia, 1980, 13, 2, 93-100, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02263060
. [all data]
Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974
Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D.,
Kovats Retention Indices in the Identification of Alkylbenzene Degradation Products,
J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 677-689, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97947-6
. [all data]
Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J.,
Composition of the oil from waste tires. 2. Fraction boiling at 160-180 0C,
Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 1999, 48, 3, 136-140. [all data]
Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 2
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J.,
Composition of the oil from waste tires. 1. Fraction boiling at yp to 160 0C,
Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 1999, 48, 1, 30-39. [all data]
Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981
Heydanek, M.G.; McGorrin, R.J.,
Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy investigations on the flavor chemistry of oat groats,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 5, 950-954, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00107a016
. [all data]
Cornwell and Cordano, 2003
Cornwell, E.; Cordano, G.,
Nueva proposicion para predecir datos de retencion obtenidos mediante cromatografia de gases de hidrocarburos derivados de las naftas,
Revista de la Sociedad Quimica de Mexico, 2003, 47, 1, 38-43. [all data]
Zenkevich, 1995
Zenkevich, I.G.,
Calculation of Gas-Chromatographic Retention Indices from Physico-Chemical Constants of Organic Compounds,
Z. Anal. Chem., 1995, 50, 10, 1048-1056. [all data]
Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W.,
Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]
Umano, Hagi, et al., 2000
Umano, K.; Hagi, Y.; Nakahara, K.; Shoji, A.; Shibamoto, T.,
Volatile chemicals identified in extracts from leaves of Japanese mugwort (Artemisia princeps Pamp.),
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 8, 3463-3469, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0001738
. [all data]
Wang, Hou, et al., 2007
Wang, G.; Hou, Z.; Sun, Y.; Liu, Y.; Xie, B.; Liu, S.,
Investigation of pyrolysis behavior of fenoxycarb using PY-GC-MS assisted with chemometric methods,
Chem. Anal., 2007, 52, 141-156. [all data]
Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007
Fuentes, M.J.; Font, R.; Gomez-Rico, M.F.; Martin-Gullon, I.,
Pyrolysis and combustion of waste lubricant oil from diesel cars: Decomposition and pollutants,
J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2007, 79, 1-2, 215-226, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2006.12.004
. [all data]
Aracil, Font, et al., 2005
Aracil, I.; Font, R.; Conesa, J.A.,
Semivolatile and volatile compounds from the pyrolysis and combustion of polyvinyl chloride,
J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2005, 74, 1-2, 465-478, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2004.09.008
. [all data]
Cheng, Liu, et al., 2005
Cheng, D.-X.; Liu, B.-X.; Sun, Y.-A.; Xie, B.; Zhang, H.-L.,
rapid analysis of pyrolysis products of cholesterol by GC-MS assited with boiling point - Lee retention index,
journal of Instrumental Analysis - Fenxi ceshi xuebao, 2005, 24, 6, 85-88. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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