Butane, 2,2,3,3-tetramethyl-
- Formula: C8H18
- Molecular weight: 114.2285
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: OMMLUKLXGSRPHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 594-82-1
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Ethane, hexamethyl-; Hexamethylethane; 2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane; (CH3)3CC(CH3)3; Tetramethylbutane
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 379.6 ± 0.5 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 7 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 374. ± 3. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 20 out of 21 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 373.97 | K | N/A | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 42.94 | kJ/mol | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
ΔvapH° | 42.91 | kJ/mol | C | Osborne and Ginnings, 1947 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔsubH° | 43.37 ± 0.21 | kJ/mol | V | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2 | ALS |
ΔsubH° | 43.4 ± 0.2 | kJ/mol | N/A | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2 | Based on data from 273. to 338. K. See also Cox and Pilcher, 1970.; AC |
ΔsubH° | 42.9 ± 0.9 | kJ/mol | C | Osborne and Ginnings, 1947, 2 | AC |
ΔsubH° | 42.9 | kJ/mol | N/A | Prosen and Rossini, 1945 | DRB |
Reduced pressure boiling point
Tboil (K) | Pressure (bar) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
379.7 | 1.02 | Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990 | BS |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
333. | 383. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 377. to 390. K.; AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
273. to 338. | 5.08335 | 1724.764 | -38.383 | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 3 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of sublimation
ΔsubH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
43.6 | 301. | N/A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 286. to 377. K.; AC |
56.2 | 263. to 279. | A,MG | Linder, 1930 | AC |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
7.54 | 373.9 | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | AC |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
13.11 | 152.5 | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | CAL |
20.16 | 373.9 |
Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔHtrs (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.000 | 152.5 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2 | DH |
7.540 | 373.9 | crystaline, I | liquid | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2 | DH |
2.008 | 148.1 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1930 | DH |
Entropy of phase transition
ΔStrs (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
13.11 | 152.5 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2 | DH |
20.17 | 373.9 | crystaline, I | liquid | Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2 | DH |
13.56 | 148.1 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1930 | DH |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 9.8 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
9.79 | EST | Luo and Pacey, 1992 | LL |
9.8 | PE | Szepes, Koranyi, et al., 1981 | LLK |
10.37 | PE | Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981 | LLK |
10.2 ± 0.05 | PE | Szepes, Koranyi, et al., 1981 | Vertical value; LLK |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-1 | 60. | 724. | Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 726.1 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 730.2 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 723.7 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm |
Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 723.9 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | 60. m/0.259 mm/1. μm |
Packed | Triacontane | 80. | 731. | Castello and D'Amato, 1979 | He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | Squalane | 80. | 773. | Castello and D'Amato, 1979 | He, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 736. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974 | H2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
Packed | SF-96 | 100. | 733.28 | Castello, Berg, et al., 1973 | Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m |
Packed | SF-96 | 110. | 736.21 | Castello, Berg, et al., 1973 | Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m |
Packed | SF-96 | 120. | 739.23 | Castello, Berg, et al., 1973 | Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m |
Packed | SF-96 | 80. | 727.21 | Castello, Berg, et al., 1973 | Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m |
Packed | SF-96 | 90. | 730.14 | Castello, Berg, et al., 1973 | Chromosorb P(DMCS); Column length: 4. m |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 35. | 720. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 45. | 722. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 50. | 724. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 58. | 726. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 68. | 728. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
Packed | Squalane | 25. | 720. | Mitra and Saha, 1970 | N2 |
Packed | Squalane | 80. | 733. | Mitra and Saha, 1970 | N2 |
Capillary | Squalane | 40. | 724. | Matukuma, 1969 | N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 27. | 720. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 49. | 726. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 67. | 730. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 86. | 735. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 30. | 721. | Tourres, 1967 | H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 726. | Tourres, 1967 | H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 731. | Tourres, 1967 | H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 40. | 723. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
Packed | Squalane | 55. | 728. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
Packed | Squalane | 70. | 731. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Apiezon L | 729. | Louis, 1971 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | SPB-5 | 720. | Engel and Ratel, 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 716. | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 710.35 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 712.98 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 714.69 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Ultra-2 | 712.25 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Ultra-2 | 714.80 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
Capillary | Ultra-2 | 716.46 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 726. | Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | SE-54 | 719. | Guan, Li, et al., 1995 | 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 735. | Chen and Feng, 2007 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | MDN-5 | 676. | Jelen and Grabarkiewicz-Szczesna, 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Capillary | OV-101 | 729. | Du and Liang, 2003 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Gross, M.E.; Oliver, G.D.; Huffman, H.M.,
2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane: Heat Caqpacity, Heats of Transition, Fusion and Sublimation, Vapor Pressure, Entropy and Thermodynamic Functions,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 883. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Osborne and Ginnings, 1947
Osborne, N.S.; Ginnings, D.C.,
Measurements of heat of vaporization and heat capacity of a number of hydrocarbons,
J. Res. NBS, 1947, 39, 453-477. [all data]
Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 2
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Gross, M.E.; Oliver, G.D.; Huffman, H.M.,
2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane: Heat capacity, heats of transition, fusion and sublimation, vapor pressure, entropy and thermodynamic functions,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 883-887. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press Inc., London, 1970, 643. [all data]
Osborne and Ginnings, 1947, 2
Osborne, Nathan S.; Ginnings, Defoe C.,
Measurements of heat of vaporization and heat capacity of a number of hydrocarbons,
J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN., 1947, 39, 5, 453-17, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.039.031
. [all data]
Prosen and Rossini, 1945
Prosen, E.J.; Rossini, F.D.,
Heats of combustion and formation of the paraffin hydrocarbons at 25° C,
J. Res. NBS, 1945, 263-267. [all data]
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc.,
Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Scott, Douslin, et al., 1952, 3
Scott, D.W.; Douslin, D.R.; Gross, M.E.; Oliver, G.D.; Huffman, H.M.,
2,2,3,3-Tetramethylbutane: Heat Capacity, Heats of Transition, Fusion and Sublimation, Vapor Pressure, Entropy and Thermodynamic Functions,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 4, 883-886, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01124a007
. [all data]
Linder, 1930
Linder, E.G.,
Vapor Pressures of Some Hydrocarbons,
J. Phys. Chem., 1930, 35, 2, 531-535, https://doi.org/10.1021/j150320a010
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Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
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Parks, Huffman, et al., 1930
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.; Thomas, S.B.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. VI. The heat capacities, entropies and free energies of some saturated, non-benzenoid hydrocarbons,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1930, 52, 1032-1041. [all data]
Luo and Pacey, 1992
Luo, Y.-R.; Pacey, P.D.,
Effects of alkyl substitution on ionization energies of alkanes and haloalkanes and on heats of formation of their molecular cations. Part 2. Alkanes and chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkanes,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1992, 112, 63. [all data]
Szepes, Koranyi, et al., 1981
Szepes, L.; Koranyi, T.; Naray-Szabo, G.; Modelli, A.; Distefano, G.,
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of group IV hexamethyl derivatives containing a metal-metal bond,
J. Organomet. Chem., 1981, 217, 35. [all data]
Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S.,
Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules
in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]
Engewald, Maurer, et al., 1989
Engewald, W.; Maurer, T.; Schiefke, A.,
Investigation of isomeric hydrocarbons by gas-solid chromatography on graphitized thermal carbon black,
Pure Appl. Chem., 1989, 61, 11, 2001-2004, https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198961112001
. [all data]
Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988
Lunskii, M.Kh.; Paizanskaya, I.L.,
Identification of hydrocarbons C1-C9 of petrol fractions of oils and condensates in the use of capillary columns with dinonylphthalate,
Zh. Anal. Khim., 1988, 43, 127-135. [all data]
Lubeck and Sutton, 1983
Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL.,
Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1983, 6, 6, 328-332, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240060612
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Castello and D'Amato, 1979
Castello, G.; D'Amato, G.,
Use of Linear and Branched-Chain Paraffinic Liquid Phases as Non-Polar Reference Materials in Gas Chromatography,
J. Chromatogr., 1979, 175, 1, 27-35, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)86400-6
. [all data]
Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974
Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A.,
Gas chromatographic analysis of complex hydrocarbon mixtures,
J. Chromatogr. A, 1974, 91, 633-648, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97944-0
. [all data]
Castello, Berg, et al., 1973
Castello, G.; Berg, M.; Lunardelli, M.,
Temperature dependence of the retention indices of branched-chain paraffins on non-polar stationary phases. A method for its calculation on the basis of molecular structure,
J. Chromatogr., 1973, 79, 23-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)85270-5
. [all data]
Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972
Sidorov, R.I.; Petrova, V.I.; Ivanova, M.P.,
Qualitative analysis of wide-boiling fraction C5-C10 with capillary chromatography
in Processes in chromatographic columns. Vol.17, 1972, 14-25. [all data]
Mitra and Saha, 1970
Mitra, G.D.; Saha, N.C.,
Determination of Retention Indices of Saturated Hydrocarbons by Graphical Methods,
J. Chromatogr. Sci., 1970, 8, 2, 95-102, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/8.2.95
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Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A.,
Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data,
Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]
Hively and Hinton, 1968
Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E.,
Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates,
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Tourres, 1967
Tourres, D.A.,
Structure moléculaire et rétention en chromatographie en phase gazeuse. Influence de la température sur l'indice de rétention d'alcanes isomères,
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Evans, 1966
Evans, M.B.,
Retention indices of solutes on squalane, dinonyl phthalate, and polyethylene glycol 400,
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Louis, 1971
Louis, R.,
Kovats-index-tafeln zur gaschromatographischen analyse von kohlenwasserstoffgemischen,
Erdoel Kohle Erdgas Petrochem., 1971, 24, 2, 88-94. [all data]
Engel and Ratel, 2007
Engel, E.; Ratel, J.,
Correction of the data generated by mass spectrometry analyses of biological tissues: Application to food authentication,
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White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S.,
Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane,
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Haynes and Pitzer, 1985
Haynes, P.C., Jr.; Pitzer, E.W.,
Disengaging solutes in shale- and petroleum-derived jet fuels by altering GC programmed temperature rates,
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Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971
Vigdergauz, M.S.; Martynov, A.A.,
Some applications of the gas chromatographic linear retention indices,
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Guan, Li, et al., 1995
Guan, Y.; Li, L.; Zhou, L.,
Live retention database for compound identification in capillary gas chromatography,
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Chen and Feng, 2007
Chen, Y.; Feng, C.,
QSPR study on gas chromatography retention index of some organic pollutants,
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Jelen and Grabarkiewicz-Szczesna, 2005
Jelen, H.H.; Grabarkiewicz-Szczesna, J.,
Volatile compounds of Aspergillus strains with different abilities to produce ochratoxin A,
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Du and Liang, 2003
Du, Y.; Liang, Y.,
Data mining for seeking accurate quantitative relationship between molecular structure and GC retention indices of alkanes by projection pursuit,
Comput. Biol. Chem., 2003, 27, 3, 339-353, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1476-9271(02)00081-6
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔHtrs Enthalpy of phase transition ΔStrs Entropy of phase transition ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔsubH Enthalpy of sublimation ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
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