Glycerin

• Formula: C₃H₈O₃
• Molecular weight: 92.0938
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C3H8O3/c4-1-3(6)2-5/h3-6H,1-2H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 56-81-5
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: 1,2,3-Propanetriol; Glycerol; Glycerine; Glyceritol; Glycyl alcohol; Glyrol; Glysanin; Osmoglyn; Propanetriol; Trihydroxypropane; Synthetic glycerin; 90 Technical glycerin; Dagralax; Glycerin, anhydrous; Glycerin, synthetic; Ophthalgan; Synthetic glycerine; Vitrosupos; 1,2,3-Trihydroxypropane; 90 Technical glycerine; Clyzerin, wasserfrei; Grocolene; MOON; Star; Optim; Bulbold; Cristal; Emery 912; Incorporation factor; Pricerine 9091; Propane-1,2,3-triol; Emery 916; IFP; NSC 9230; Auralgan (Salt/Mix); Collyrium Fresh-Eye Drops (Salt/Mix)
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Constant pressure heat capacity of solid

IR Spectrum

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• LIQUID (NEAT); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas; HP-GC/MS/IRD

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.

For Zoom

1.) Enter the desired X axis range (e.g., 100, 200)

2.) Check here for automatic Y scaling

3.) Press here to zoom

Additional Data

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Bastos, Nilsson, et al., 1988
Bastos, M.; Nilsson, S-O.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.D.M.C.; Ribeiro Da Silva, M.A.V.; Wadso, I., Thermodynamic properties of glycerol enthalpies of combustion and vaporization and the heat capacity at 298.15 K. Enthalpies of solution in water at 288.15, 298.15, and 308.15 K, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1988, 20, 1353-1359. [all data]

Parks, West, et al., 1946
Parks, G.S.; West, T.J.; Naylor, B.F.; Fujii, P.S.; McClaine, L.A., Thermal data on organic compounds. XXIII. Modern combustion data for fourteen hydrocarbons and five polyhydroxy alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2524-2527. [all data]

Parks and Manchester, 1952
Parks, G.S.; Manchester, K.E., The heats of solution of erythritol, mannitol and dulcitol; combustion values for liquid polyhydroxy alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1952, 74, 3435-34. [all data]

Emery and Benedict, 1911
Emery, A.G.; Benedict, F.G., The heat of combustion of compounds of physiological importance, Am. J. Physiol., 1911, 28, 301-307. [all data]

Ahlberg, Blanchard, et al., 1937
Ahlberg, J.E.; Blanchard, E.R.; Lundberg, W.O., The heat capacities of benzene, methyl alcohol and glycerol at very low temperatures, J. Chem. Phys., 1937, 5, 537-551. [all data]

Chen and Ge, 1982
Chen, Z.S.; Ge, X.S., A multifunctional apparatus for the simultaneous measurement of the specific heat, thermal conductivity and heat of fusion of materials undergoing phase transformations, Proc. Symp. Thermophys. Prop., 8th, 1982, (2), 115-121. [all data]

Atalla, El-Sharkawy, et al., 1981
Atalla, S.R.; El-Sharkawy, A.A.; Gasser, F.A., Measurement of thermal properties of liquids with an AC heated-wire technique, Inter. J. Thermophys., 1981, 2(2), 155-162. [all data]

Murthy and Subrahmanyam, 1977
Murthy, N.M.; Subrahmanyam, S.V., Behaviour of excess heat capacity of aqueous non-electrolytes, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1977, 15, 485-489. [all data]

Paz Andrade, Paz, et al., 1970
Paz Andrade, M.I.; Paz, J.M.; Recacho, E., Contribucion a la microcalorimetria de los calores especificos de solidos y liquidos, An. Quim., 1970, 66, 961-967. [all data]

Omel'chenko, 1962
Omel'chenko, F.S., On the heat capacity of glycerol, Izv. Vysshikh. Uchebn. Zaved., Pishchevaya Tekhnol., 1962, (3), 97-98. [all data]

Rabinovich and Nikolaev, 1962
Rabinovich, I.B.; Nikolaev, P.N., Isotopic effect in the specific heat of some deutero compounds, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1962, SSSR 142, 1335-1338. [all data]

Ernst, Watkins, et al., 1936
Ernst, R.C.; Watkins, C.H.; Ruwe, H.H., The physical properties of the ternary system ethyl alcohol-glycerin-water, J. Phys. Chem., 1936, 40, 627-635. [all data]

Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. V. A revision of the entropies and free energies of nineteen organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1929, 51, 1969-1973. [all data]

Gibson and Giauque, 1923
Gibson, G.E.; Giauque, W.F., The third law of thermodynamics. Evidence from the specific heats of glycerol that the entropy of a glass exceeds that of a crystal at the absolute zero, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1923, 45, 93-104. [all data]

Simon, 1922
Simon, F., Untersuchungen über die spezifische Wärme bei tiefen Temperaturen, Ann. Physik. [4], 1922, 68, 241-280. [all data]

Volmer and Marder, 1931
Volmer, M.; Marder, M., Zur theorie der linearen kristallistionsgeschwindigkeit unterkuhlter schmelzen und unterkuhlter fester modifikationen, Z. Physik. Chem., 1931, 154A, 97-112. [all data]

Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 2007
Pozo-Bayon M.A.; Ruiz-Rodriguez A.; Pernin K.; Cayot N., Influence of eggs on the aroma composition of a sponge cake and on the aroma release in model studies on flavored sponge cakes, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2007, 55, 4, 1418-1426, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf062203y . [all data]

Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995
Shimoda, M.; Shigematsu, H.; Shiratsuchi, H.; Osajima, Y., Comparison of the odor concentrates by SDE and adsorptive column method from green tea infusion, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 6, 1616-1620, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00054a037 . [all data]

Miyazawa and Okuno, 2003
Miyazawa, M.; Okuno, Y., Volatile components from the roots of Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl., Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 5, 398-400, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1232 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  Cp,solid	Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
  S°solid,1 bar	Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar)
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.