Butane, 1-iodo-

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (J/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference
164.5298.15Shehatta, 1993

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil403. ± 3.KAVGN/AAverage of 10 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus169.65KN/ATimmermans, 1921Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap40. ± 4.kJ/molAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
34.66403.7N/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
39.9307.A,ESTStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 292. to 431. K. See also Li and Rossini, 1961 and Dykyj, 1971.; AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.23 ± 0.01eVN/AN/AL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.23ESTLuo and Pacey, 1992LL
9.23PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
9.23PEBoschi and Salahub, 1974LLK
9.24PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1973LLK
9.229SBoschi and Salahub, 1972LLK
9.23 ± 0.005PECocksey, Eland, et al., 1971LLK
9.23PEBrogli and Heilbronner, 1971LLK
9.21 ± 0.01PIWatanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962RDSH
9.23PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981Vertical value; LLK
9.5PEDromey and Peel, 1974Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
I+12.45 ± 0.05?EIWilliams and Hamill, 1968RDSH

IR Spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Gas Phase Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Standard Reference Data Program
Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Sadtler Research Labs Under US-EPA Contract
State gas

This IR spectrum is from the NIST/EPA Gas-Phase Infrared Database .


Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.

Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-8348
NIST MS number 228695

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedSE-30120.810.Kowalski, 1992He, Gas Chrom Q (100-120 mesh); Column length: 0.25 m
PackedOV-101150.844.9Maeck, Touabet, et al., 1989N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 2. m
PackedOV-101120.821.Fernández-Sánchez, Fernández-Torres, et al., 1987N2, Chromosorb W AW DMCS (80-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m
PackedSqualane80.806.Kersten and Poole, 1987N2; Column length: 3.5 m
PackedSE-30100.814.Winskowski, 1983Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m
PackedApolane70.819.3Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-1806.2Castello, Timossi, et al., 1988N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Program: not specified

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M120.1111.Fernández-Sánchez, Fernández-Torres, et al., 1987N2, Chromosorb W AW DMCS; Column length: 2. m
PackedCarbowax 20M80.1069.Kersten and Poole, 1987N2, Chromosorb W-AW; Column length: 3.5 m
PackedCarbowax 20M75.1065.Castello, 1984N2, Chromosorb W DMCS; Column length: 3. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-101067.Castello, Timossi, et al., 1988N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Program: not specified

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-1798.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 8C/min => 200(1min) => 5C/min => 300C(25min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1062.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min
CapillaryHP-Wax1063.Peng, 200015. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane105.815.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane75.806.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxane90.810.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane120.820.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane120.820.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
PackedPolydimethyl siloxane120.820.Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 
CapillaryApiezon L130.819.Arruda, Junkes, et al., 2008 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone100.813.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.820.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone140.826.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone80.807.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.820.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.820.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 
CapillaryMethyl Silicone120.820.Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5816.Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryOV-101809.Dimov and Milina, 1989H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 280. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-1811.Flanagan, Streete, et al., 199760. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C
CapillarySPB-1811.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillarySPB-1840.Strete, Ruprah, et al., 199260. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1797.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1840.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedPEG100.1066.Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990Phasesep W (10 %)
PackedPEG100.1115.Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990Phasesep W (10 %)

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1065.Peng, Yang, et al., 1991Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1065.Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Shehatta, 1993
Shehatta, I., Heat capacity at constant pressure of some halogen compounds, Thermochim. Acta, 1993, 213, 1-10. [all data]

Timmermans, 1921
Timmermans, J., The Freezing Points of Organic Substances IV. New Exp. Determinations, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1921, 30, 62. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Li and Rossini, 1961
Li, J.C.M.; Rossini, F.D., Vapor Pressures and Boiling Points of the l-Fluoroalkanes, l-Chloroalkanes, l-Bromoalkanes, and l-Iodoalkanes, C 1 to C 20 ., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1961, 6, 2, 268-270, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60010a025 . [all data]

Dykyj, 1971
Dykyj, J., Petrochemia, 1971, 11, 2, 27. [all data]

Luo and Pacey, 1992
Luo, Y.-R.; Pacey, P.D., Effects of alkyl substitution on ionization energies of alkanes and haloalkanes and on heats of formation of their molecular cations. Part 2. Alkanes and chloro-, bromo- and iodoalkanes, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1992, 112, 63. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Boschi and Salahub, 1974
Boschi, R.A.A.; Salahub, D.R., The high resolution photoelectron spectra of some iodoalkanes, iodocycloalkanes, iodoalkenes, and fluoroiodohydrocarbons, Can. J. Chem., 1974, 52, 1217. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1973
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Matsumoto, H.; Nagakura, S., Photoelectron spectra and orbital structures of higher alkyl chlorides, bromides, and iodides., Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1973, 46, 373. [all data]

Boschi and Salahub, 1972
Boschi, R.A.; Salahub, D.R., The far ultra-violet spectra of some 1-iodoalkanes, Mol. Phys., 1972, 24, 289. [all data]

Cocksey, Eland, et al., 1971
Cocksey, B.J.; Eland, J.H.D.; Danby, C.J., The effect of alkyl substitution on ionisation potential, J. Chem. Soc., 1971, (B), 790. [all data]

Brogli and Heilbronner, 1971
Brogli, F.; Heilbronner, E., The competition between spin orbit coupling and conjugation in alkyl halides and its repercussion on their photoelectron spectra, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1971, 54, 1423. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Dromey and Peel, 1974
Dromey, R.G.; Peel, J.B., Photoelectron spectroscopic correlation of the molecular orbitals of the alkanes and alkyl iodides, J. Mol. Struct., 1974, 23, 53. [all data]

Williams and Hamill, 1968
Williams, J.M.; Hamill, W.H., Ionization potentials of molecules and free radicals and appearance potentials by electron impact in the mass spectrometer, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 49, 4467. [all data]

Kowalski, 1992
Kowalski, W.J., Free radical crosslinking of the gas chromatographic stationary phase containing europium chelates, Chromatographia, 1992, 34, 5-8, 266-268, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02268356 . [all data]

Maeck, Touabet, et al., 1989
Maeck, M.; Touabet, A.; Badjah Hadj Ahmed, A.Y.; Meklati, B.Y., A numerical interpolation of Kováts indices without dead time correction, Chromatographia, 1989, 27, 5/6, 205-208, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02260447 . [all data]

Fernández-Sánchez, Fernández-Torres, et al., 1987
Fernández-Sánchez, E.; Fernández-Torres, A.; García-Domínguez, J.A.; García-Muñoz, J.; Menéndez, V.; Molera, M.J.; Santiuste, J.M.; Pertierra-Rimada, E., Mixed stationary phases in gas-liquid chromatography. Partition coefficients and retention indices in OV-101-OV-25, OV-101-Carbowax 20M and OV-225-SP-2340 mixtures, J. Chromatogr., 1987, 410, 13-29, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)90031-1 . [all data]

Kersten and Poole, 1987
Kersten, B.R.; Poole, C.F., Influence of concurrent retention mechanisms on the determination of stationary phase selectivity in gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1987, 399, 1-31, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96108-9 . [all data]

Winskowski, 1983
Winskowski, J., Gaschromatographische Identifizierung von Stoffen anhand von Indexziffem und unterschiedlichen Detektoren, Chromatographia, 1983, 17, 3, 160-165, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02271041 . [all data]

Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976
Riedo, F.; Fritz, D.; Tarján, G.; Kováts, E.Sz., A tailor-made C87 hydrocarbon as a possible non-polar standard stationary phase for gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 63-83, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84063-2 . [all data]

Castello, Timossi, et al., 1988
Castello, G.; Timossi, A.; Gerbino, T.C., Gas Chromatographic Separation of Halogenated Compounds on Non-Polar and Polar Wide Bore Capillary Columns, J. Chromatogr., 1988, 454, 129-143, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)88608-2 . [all data]

Castello, 1984
Castello, G., Gas Chromatographic Identification of Alkyl Radicals Formed in Plasma Radiofrequency Discharges by Using Iodine as a Scavenger, J. Chromatogr., 1984, 303, 61-66, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)96045-5 . [all data]

Peng, 2000
Peng, C.T., Prediction of retention indices. V. Influence of electronic effects and column polarity on retention index, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 903, 1-2, 117-143, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00901-8 . [all data]

Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Tello, A.M.; Lebron-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-Lopez, J.E.; Santiuste, J.M., Isothermal retention indices on poly93-cyanopropylmethyl)siloxane stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 2009, 1216, 10, 1630-1639, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.025 . [all data]

Arruda, Junkes, et al., 2008
Arruda, A.C.S.; Junkes, B. da.S.; Souza, E.S.; Yunes, R.A.; Heizen, V.E.F., Semi-Emlirical Topological Index to Predict Properties of Halogenated Aliphatic Compounds, J. Chemometrics, 2008, 22, 3-4, 186-194, https://doi.org/10.1002/cem.1121 . [all data]

Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Lebrón-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-López, J.E.; Tello, A.M.; Santiuste, J.M., Isothermal retention indices on poly (3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane) stationary phases, J. Chromatogr. A, 2007, 1160, 1-2, 276-288, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.025 . [all data]

Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990
Spadone, J.-C.; Takeoka, G.; Liardon, R., Analytical Investigation of Rio Off-Flavor in Green Coffee, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1990, 38, 1, 226-233, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00091a050 . [all data]

Dimov and Milina, 1989
Dimov, N.; Milina, R., Precalculation of gas chromatographic retention indices of linear 1-halogenoalkanes, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 463, 159-164, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84464-2 . [all data]

Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997
Flanagan, R.J.; Streete, P.J.; Ramsey, J.D., Volatile Substance Abuse, UNODC Technical Series, No 5, United Nations, Office on Drugs and Crime, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 500, A-1400 Vienna, Austria, 1997, 56, retrieved from http://www.odccp.org/pdf/technicalseries1997-01-011.pdf. [all data]

Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992
Strete, P.J.; Ruprah, M.; Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and identification of volatile substances by headspace capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning, Analyst, 1992, 117, 7, 1111-1127, https://doi.org/10.1039/an9921701111 . [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982
Ramsey, J.D.; Flanagan, R.J., Detection and Identification of Volatile Organic Compounds in Blood by Headspace Gas Chromatography as an Aid to the Diagnosis of Solvent Abuse, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 240, 2, 423-444, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99622-5 . [all data]

Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990
Dowling, J.J.; Evans, M.B.; Haken, J.K., Gas-liquid chromatography in qualitative analysis. XVIII. Study of the dependence of the retention behavior of polyoxyethylene glycol columns on the nature of the support and phase loading, J. Chromatogr., 1990, 500, 355-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)96077-1 . [all data]

Peng, Yang, et al., 1991
Peng, C.T.; Yang, Z.C.; Ding, S.F., Prediction of rentention idexes. II. Structure-retention index relationship on polar columns, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 586, 1, 85-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(91)80028-F . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References