Propanoic acid, 2-methylpropyl ester

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Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.94PEBenoit and Harrison, 1977Vertical value

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1333.852.8Hu, Lu, et al., 2006 
CapillaryOV-101100.854.Horna, Táborský, et al., 1985N2; Column length: 19. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm
CapillaryOV-10180.852.Komárek, Hornová, et al., 1983Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm
PackedSE-30150.848.Ashes and Haken, 1974Celaton (62-72 mesh); Column length: 3.7 m
PackedSE-30100.849.Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974N2, Chromosorb W AW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedSE-30100.852.Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m
PackedSE-30150.853.Germaine and Haken, 1969Celite 560; Column length: 3.7 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-101851.Menut, Molangui, et al., 1995N2, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySE-30848.Chretien and Dubois, 1978Program: not specified

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillarySP-1000100.1079.Horna, Táborský, et al., 1985N2; Column length: 46. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1079.Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974Chromosorb WAW (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3. m
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1090.Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1085.Umano, Shoji, et al., 1986N2, 60. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5852.Guichard and Souty, 1988H2, 30. C @ 5. min, 1.5 K/min; Column length: 0.32 m; Column diameter: 1. mm; Tend: 180. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5863.Beaulieu and Grimm, 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C (1min) => 5C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 250C (9min)
CapillaryDB-1843.Eri, Khoo, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -20C (5min) => 10C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 280C
CapillaryDB-1848.Eri, Khoo, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -20C (5min) => 10C/min => 100C => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 280C
CapillaryBPX-5866.Bauchot, Mottram, et al., 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, He; Program: 0 0C (8 min) -> (1 min) -> 50 0C (2 min) 2.5 0C/min -> 100 0C 6 0C/min -> 250 0C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1083.Kourkoutas, Elmore, et al., 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryZB-Wax1065.Ledauphin, Saint-Clair, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-101087.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillaryFFAP1069.Yasuhara, 198750. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 20C (5min) => 2C/min => 70C => 4C/min => 210C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedSE-3070.859.Yabumoto, Jennings, et al., 1977 

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryZB-1873.Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Nitrogen, 3. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-1850.Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007He, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 0.25 μm
CapillaryZB-1873.Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryHP-5868.Larsen and Frisvad, 199535. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 200. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryBPX-5865.Ortiz, Echeverra, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 70 0C (1 min) 3 0C/min -> 142 0C 5 0C/min -> 225 0C (10 min)
CapillarySE-30848.Liu, Liang, et al., 2007Program: not specified
CapillarySE-30852.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone853.Estrada and Gutierrez, 1999Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-101852.Shibamoto, 1987Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedCarbowax 20M100.1079.Yabumoto, Jennings, et al., 1977 

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1071.Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007He, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 0.32 μm
CapillaryDB-Wax1079.Hayata, Sakamoto, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryFFAP1091.Echeverría, Correa, et al., 200450. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 142C => 5C/min => 225C(10min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1071.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-FFAP1091.Echeverria, Fuentes, et al., 200350. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 70C(1min) => 3C/min => 142C => 5C/min => 225C (10min)
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1071.Shibamoto, 1987Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Benoit and Harrison, 1977
Benoit, F.M.; Harrison, A.G., Predictive value of proton affinity. Ionization energy correlations involving oxygenated molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 3980. [all data]

Hu, Lu, et al., 2006
Hu, X.-F.; Lu, C.-H.; Yin, C.-S., Modeling Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of Oxygen-containing Compounds by Novel Atom-type Topological Indices, Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics, 2006, 19, 3, 243-247, https://doi.org/10.1360/cjcp2006.19(3).243.5 . [all data]

Horna, Táborský, et al., 1985
Horna, A.; Táborský, J.; Churácek, J.; Dufka, O., Chromatography of monomers. IV. Gas-liquid chromatographic studies of C1-C6 n-alkyl and C3-C6 isoalkyl acrylates and their hydrogen halide and halogen addition derivatives, J. Chromatogr., 1985, 348, 141-149, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)92447-1 . [all data]

Komárek, Hornová, et al., 1983
Komárek, K.; Hornová, L.; Horna, A.; Churácek, J., Glass capillary gas chromatography of homologous series of esters. III. Separation of alkyl halogenopropionates and halogenobutyrates on OV-101, J. Chromatogr., 1983, 262, 316-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)88112-7 . [all data]

Ashes and Haken, 1974
Ashes, J.R.; Haken, J.K., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. VI. Structure-retention increments of aliphatic esters, J. Chromatogr., 1974, 101, 1, 103-123, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)94737-5 . [all data]

Chastrette, Heintz, et al., 1974
Chastrette, M.; Heintz, M.; Druilhe, A.; Lefort, D., Analyse chromatographique d'esters aliphatiques saturés. Relations rétention-structure et prévision de la rétention, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1974, 9/10,Pt.1, 1852-1856. [all data]

Zarazir, Chovin, et al., 1970
Zarazir, D.; Chovin, P.; Guiochon, G., Identification of hydroxylic compounds and their derivatives by gas chromatography, Chromatographia, 1970, 3, 4, 180-195, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269018 . [all data]

Germaine and Haken, 1969
Germaine, R.W.; Haken, J.K., Gas chromatography of homologous esters. Part 1. Simple aliphatic esters, J. Chromatogr., 1969, 43, 33-42, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)99162-3 . [all data]

Menut, Molangui, et al., 1995
Menut, C.; Molangui, T.; Lamaty, G.E.; Bessière, J.-M.; Habimana, J.-B. Menut.; Molangui, T.; Lamaty, G.E.; Bessière, J.-M.; Habimana, J.-B., Aromatic plants of tropical Central Africa. 23. Chemical composition of leaf essential oils of Eucalyptus goniocalyx F. Muell. and Eucalyptus patens Benth. grown in Rwanda, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1995, 43, 5, 1267-1271, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00053a026 . [all data]

Chretien and Dubois, 1978
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J-E., Topological Analysis: A Technique for the Physico-Chemical Exploitation of Retention Data in Gas-Liquid Chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 1978, 158, 43-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)89954-9 . [all data]

Umano, Shoji, et al., 1986
Umano, K.; Shoji, A.; Hagi, Y.; Shibamoto, T., Volatile constituents of peel of quince fruit, Cydonia oblonga Miller, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1986, 34, 4, 593-596, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00070a003 . [all data]

Guichard and Souty, 1988
Guichard, E.; Souty, M., Comparison of the relative quantities of aroma compounds found in fresh apricot (Prunus armeniaca) from six different varieties, Z. Lebensm. Unters. Forsch., 1988, 186, 4, 301-307, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01027031 . [all data]

Beaulieu and Grimm, 2001
Beaulieu, J.C.; Grimm, C.C., Identification of volatile compounds in cantaloupe at various developmental stages using solid phase microextraction, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 3, 1345-1352, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0005768 . [all data]

Eri, Khoo, et al., 2000
Eri, S.; Khoo, B.K.; Lech, J.; Hartman, T.G., Direct thermal desorption-gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) essential oils in support of varietal characterization, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 4, 1140-1149, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9911850 . [all data]

Bauchot, Mottram, et al., 1998
Bauchot, A.D.; Mottram, D.S.; Dodson, A.T.; John, P., Effect of aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase antisense gene on the formation of volatile esters in cantaloupe charentais melon (Cv. Védrandais), J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46, 11, 4787-4792, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980692z . [all data]

Kourkoutas, Elmore, et al., 2006
Kourkoutas, D.; Elmore, J.S.; Mottram, D.S., Comparison of the volatile compositions and flavour properties of cantaloupe, Galia and honeydew muskmelons, Food Chem., 2006, 97, 1, 95-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.03.026 . [all data]

Ledauphin, Saint-Clair, et al., 2004
Ledauphin, J.; Saint-Clair, J.-F.; Lablanquie, O.; Guichard, H.; Founier, N.; Guichard, E.; Barillier, D., Identification of trace volatile compounds in freshly distilled calvados and cognac using preparative separations coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 16, 5124-5134, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf040052y . [all data]

Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007
Bianchi, F.; Careri, M.; Mangia, A.; Musci, M., Retention indices in the analysis of food aroma volatile compounds in temperature-programmed gas chromatography: Database creation and evaluation of precision and robustness, J. Sep. Sci., 2007, 39, 4, 563-572, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200600393 . [all data]

Yasuhara, 1987
Yasuhara, A., Identification of Volatile Compounds in Poultry Manure by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 1987, 387, 371-378, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)94539-X . [all data]

Yabumoto, Jennings, et al., 1977
Yabumoto, K.; Jennings, W.G.; Yamaguchi, M., Gas chromatographic retention as identification criteria, Anal. Biochem., 1977, 78, 1, 244-251, https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(77)90029-X . [all data]

Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2008
Mierendorff, H.-G.; Stahl-Biskup, E.; Posthumus, M.A.; van Beek, T.A., Composition of commercial Cape chamomile oil (Eriocephalus punctuatus / Eriocephalus tenuifolius), 2008, retrieved from http://www.chemische-analysen-hamburg.de/Publikationen?CapeChamomileOil/. [all data]

Audino, Alzogaray, et al., 2007
Audino, P.G.; Alzogaray, R.A.; Vassena, C.; Masuh, H.; Fontán, A.; Gatti, P.; Martínez, A.; Camps, F.; Cork, A.; Zerba, E., Volatile compounds secreted by Brindley's glands of adult Triatoma infestans: identification and biological activity of previously unidentified compounds, Journal of Vector Ecology, 2007, 32, 1, 75-82, https://doi.org/10.3376/1081-1710(2007)32[75:VCSBBO]2.0.CO;2 . [all data]

Mierendorff, Stahl-Biskup, et al., 2003
Mierendorff, H.-G.; Stahl-Biskup, E.; Posthumus, M.A.; van Beek, T.A., Composition of commercial Cape chamomile oil (Eriocephalus punctulatus), Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 510-514, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1259 . [all data]

Larsen and Frisvad, 1995
Larsen, T.O.; Frisvad, J.C., Characterization of volatile metabolites from 47 Penicillium taxa, Mycol. Res., 1995, 99, 10, 1153-1166, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80271-2 . [all data]

Ortiz, Echeverra, et al., 2009
Ortiz, A.; Echeverra, G.; Graell, J.; Lara, I., Calcium dips enhance volatile emission of cold-stored Fuji Kiki-8 apples, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2009, 57, 11, 4931-4938, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9003576 . [all data]

Liu, Liang, et al., 2007
Liu, F.; Liang, Y.; Cao, C.; Zhou, N., QSPR study of GC retention indices for saturated esters on seven stationary phases based on novel topological indices, Talanta, 2007, 72, 4, 1307-1315, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2007.01.038 . [all data]

Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]

Estrada and Gutierrez, 1999
Estrada, E.; Gutierrez, Y., Modeling chromatographic parameters by a novel graph theoretical sub-structural approach, J. Chromatogr. A, 1999, 858, 2, 187-199, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(99)00808-0 . [all data]

Shibamoto, 1987
Shibamoto, T., Retention Indices in Essential Oil Analysis in Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis, Sandra, P.; Bicchi, C., ed(s)., Hutchig Verlag, Heidelberg, New York, 1987, 259-274. [all data]

Hayata, Sakamoto, et al., 2002
Hayata, Y.; Sakamoto, T.; Kozuka, H.; Sakamoto, K.; Osajima, Y., Analysis of aromatic volatile compounds in 'Miyabi' melon (Cucumis melo L.) using the Porapak Q column, J. Jpn. Soc. Hortic. Sci., 2002, 71, 4, 517-525, https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.71.517 . [all data]

Echeverría, Correa, et al., 2004
Echeverría, G.; Correa, E.; Ruiz-Altisent, M.; Graell, J.; Puy, J.; López, L., Characterization of Fuji apples from different harvest dates and storage conditions from measurements of volatiles by gas chromatography and electronic nose, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2004, 52, 10, 3069-3076, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf035271i . [all data]

Echeverria, Fuentes, et al., 2003
Echeverria, G.; Fuentes, M.T.; Graell, J.; Lopez, M.L., Relationships between volatile production, fruit quality and sensory evaluation of Fuji apples stored in different atmospheres by means of multivariate analysis, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2003, 84, 1, 5-20, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1554 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References