Formaldehyde
- Formula: CH2O
- Molecular weight: 30.0260
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 50-00-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Methanal; BFV; Fannoform; Formaldehyde, gas; Formalin; Formalith; Formic aldehyde; Formol; Fyde; Lysoform; Methyl aldehyde; Methylene oxide; Morbicid; Oxomethane; Oxymethylene; Paraform; Superlysoform; Karsan; Methaldehyde; Aldehyde formique; Aldeide formica; Formaldehyd; Formalin-loesungen; Formalina; Formaline; NCI-C02799; Oplossingen; Aldehyd mravenci; Formalin 40; Rcra waste number U122; UN 1198; UN 2209; H2CO; Durine; Hercules 37M6-8; CH2O; NSC 298885; Fordor
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -115.90 | kJ/mol | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in March, 1961 |
ΔfH°gas | -108.6 ± 0.46 | kJ/mol | Cm | Fletcher and Pilcher, 1970 | ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°gas | -570.78 ± 0.42 | kJ/mol | Cm | Fletcher and Pilcher, 1970 | Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -108.6 kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
ΔcH°gas | -561.1 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Wartenberg and Lerner-Steinberg, 1925 | Gas phase; Corresponding ΔfHºgas = -118. kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections); ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°gas,1 bar | 218.95 | J/mol*K | Review | Chase, 1998 | Data last reviewed in March, 1961 |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
33.26 | 50. | Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997 | p=1 bar. Recommended entropies and heat capacities are in good agreement with other statistically calculated values [ Thompson, 1941, Pillai M.G.K., 1961, Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989]. Please also see Chao J., 1980, Chao J., 1986.; GT |
33.26 | 100. | ||
33.28 | 150. | ||
33.50 | 200. | ||
34.70 | 273.15 | ||
35.39 ± 0.02 | 298.15 | ||
35.44 | 300. | ||
39.24 | 400. | ||
43.74 | 500. | ||
48.18 | 600. | ||
52.28 | 700. | ||
55.94 | 800. | ||
59.16 | 900. | ||
61.95 | 1000. | ||
64.37 | 1100. | ||
66.45 | 1200. | ||
68.25 | 1300. | ||
69.80 | 1400. | ||
71.15 | 1500. | ||
73.79 | 1750. | ||
75.68 | 2000. | ||
77.08 | 2250. | ||
78.13 | 2500. | ||
78.93 | 2750. | ||
79.56 | 3000. |
Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)
Cp° = A + B*t + C*t2 + D*t3 +
E/t2
H° − H°298.15= A*t + B*t2/2 +
C*t3/3 + D*t4/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t2/2 + D*t3/3 −
E/(2*t2) + G
Cp = heat capacity (J/mol*K)
H° = standard enthalpy (kJ/mol)
S° = standard entropy (J/mol*K)
t = temperature (K) / 1000.
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Temperature (K) | 298. to 1200. | 1200. to 6000. |
---|---|---|
A | 5.193767 | 71.35268 |
B | 93.23249 | 6.174497 |
C | -44.85457 | -1.191090 |
D | 7.882279 | 0.079564 |
E | 0.551175 | -15.58917 |
F | -119.3591 | -170.6327 |
G | 202.4663 | 262.3180 |
H | -115.8972 | -115.8972 |
Reference | Chase, 1998 | Chase, 1998 |
Comment | Data last reviewed in March, 1961 | Data last reviewed in March, 1961 |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 253.85 | K | N/A | Spence and Wild, 1935 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 181. | K | N/A | Anonymous, 1958 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 4. K; TRC |
Tfus | 181. | K | N/A | Harries, 1901 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 6. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 155.1 | K | N/A | Spence and Wild, 1935 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
24.3 | 236. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 184. to 251. K.; AC |
24.2 | 236. | N/A | Spence and Wild, 1935, 2 | Based on data from 173. to 251. K. See also Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987.; AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
163.76 to 250.86 | 4.28176 | 959.43 | -29.758 | Spence and Wild, 1935, 3 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
7.53 | 155. | Vasil'ev and Lebedev, 1998 | AC |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to CH2O+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 10.88 ± 0.01 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 712.9 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 683.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔfH°(+) ion | 941.8 | kJ/mol | N/A | N/A | |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔfH(+) ion,0K | 946.0 | kJ/mol | N/A | N/A |
Proton affinity at 298K
Proton affinity (kJ/mol) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|
711.5 ± 2.1 | Bouchoux and Leblanc, 2000 | T = 300K; MM |
Gas basicity at 298K
Gas basicity (review) (kJ/mol) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|
681.5 ± 0.7 | Bouchoux and Leblanc, 2000 | T = 300K; MM |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
10.88 | CI | Ohno, Okamura, et al., 1995 | LL |
10.8887 ± 0.0030 | PE | Niu, Shirley, et al., 1993 | LL |
10.86 | PI | Traeger, 1985 | LBLHLM |
10.88 | PE | Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981 | LLK |
10.9 | PE | Von Niessen, Bieri, et al., 1980 | LLK |
10.885 ± 0.005 | PE | Hernandez, Masclet, et al., 1977 | LLK |
10.874 ± 0.002 | S | Drury-Lessard and Moule, 1977 | LLK |
10.868 ± 0.005 | PI | Guyon, Chupka, et al., 1976 | LLK |
10.88 ± 0.02 | PI | Warneck, 1971 | LLK |
10.87 ± 0.01 | PI | Mentall, Gentieu, et al., 1971 | LLK |
10.88 ± 0.02 | PI | Matthews and Warneck, 1969 | RDSH |
10.884 | PE | Baker, Baker, et al., 1968 | RDSH |
10.86 ± 0.02 | EI | Kanomata, 1961 | RDSH |
10.90 ± 0.03 | PI | Vilesov, 1960 | RDSH |
10.87 ± 0.01 | PI | Watanabe, 1957 | RDSH |
10.88 ± 0.01 | S | Price, 1935 | RDSH |
10.1 | PE | Rao, 1975 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CHO+ | 11.97 | H | PI | Traeger, 1985 | LBLHLM |
CHO+ | 13.94 ± 0.40 | H | EI | Wankenne, Caprace, et al., 1984 | LBLHLM |
CHO+ | 11.92 ± 0.01 | H | PI | Guyon, Chupka, et al., 1976 | LLK |
CHO+ | 11.89 ± 0.03 | H | PI | Warneck, 1971 | LLK |
CHO+ | 11.95 ± 0.06 | H | PI | Matthews and Warneck, 1969 | RDSH |
CO+ | 14.10 ± 0.08 | H2 | PI | Guyon, Chupka, et al., 1976 | LLK |
CO+ | 18.7 ± 0.2 | ? | EI | Brand and Reed, 1957 | RDSH |
H+ | 17.41 ± 0.07 | CHO | PI | Warneck, 1971 | LLK |
H2+ | 15.42 ± 0.06 | CO | PI | Warneck, 1971 | LLK |
De-protonation reactions
CHO- + =
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1650.7 ± 0.96 | kJ/mol | D-EA | Murray, Miller, et al., 1986 | gas phase; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1617.7 ± 1.7 | kJ/mol | H-TS | Murray, Miller, et al., 1986 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 1648. ± 19. | kJ/mol | IMRB | Karpas and Klein, 1975 | gas phase; B |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
B - John E. Bartmess
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
By formula: Al+ + CH2O = (Al+ • CH2O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 115. ± 10. | kJ/mol | EqG | Bouchard, Brenner, et al., 1997 | RCD |
By formula: CH2N+ + CH2O = (CH2N+ • CH2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type NH+-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrG° | 91.2 | kJ/mol | FA | Tanaka, Mackay, et al., 1978 | gas phase; switching reaction(HCNH+)HCN; Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1978; M |
By formula: CH3O+ + CH2O = (CH3O+ • CH2O)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 116. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
ΔrH° | 123. | kJ/mol | FA | Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978 | gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M |
ΔrH° | 116. | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson, Clair, et al., 1982 | gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H2O/H2CO), Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 111. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
ΔrS° | 115. | J/mol*K | FA | Fehsenfeld, Dotan, et al., 1978 | gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H3O+)H2O; Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1992; M |
ΔrS° | 111. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson, Clair, et al., 1982 | gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H2O/H2CO), Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 82.8 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction(H3O+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
ΔrG° | 82.8 | kJ/mol | ICR | Larson, Clair, et al., 1982 | gas phase; From thermochemical cycle,switching reaction(H2O/H2CO), Entropy change calculated or estimated; Cunningham, Payzant, et al., 1972, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984; M |
(CH3O- • 4294967295) +
= CH3O-
By formula: (CH3O- • 4294967295CH2O) + CH2O = CH3O-
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 166.9 ± 2.1 | kJ/mol | N/A | Nee, Osterwalder, et al., 2006 | gas phase; B |
ΔrH° | 171. ± 4.6 | kJ/mol | Ther | Osborn, Leahy, et al., 1998 | gas phase; B |
ΔrH° | 175. ± 9.2 | kJ/mol | Ther | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; The acidity is 1.2 kcal/mol stronger than that from the D-EA cycle, due to the multi-compound fit for the acidity scale.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
By formula: Fe+ + CH2O = (Fe+ • CH2O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 138. ± 7.1 | kJ/mol | CIDT | Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000 | RCD |
By formula: (Fe+ • CH2O) + CH2O = (Fe+ • 2CH2O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 164. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | CIDT | Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000 | RCD |
By formula: (Fe+ • 2CH2O) + CH2O = (Fe+ • 3CH2O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 76.1 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | CIDT | Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000 | RCD |
By formula: (Fe+ • 3CH2O) + CH2O = (Fe+ • 4CH2O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 50.2 ± 7.1 | kJ/mol | CIDT | Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000 | RCD |
By formula: Li+ + CH2O = (Li+ • CH2O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 151. | kJ/mol | ICR | Woodin and Beauchamp, 1978 | gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M |
ΔrH° | 150. | kJ/mol | ICR | Staley and Beauchamp, 1975 | gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, from graph; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 extrapolated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | N/A | Woodin and Beauchamp, 1978 | gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 118. | kJ/mol | ICR | Woodin and Beauchamp, 1978 | gas phase; switching reaction(Li+)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Dzidic and Kebarle, 1970 interpolated; M |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | H.M.B.BALLSCHMIETER NAT. FOOD RES. INST., PRETORIA, S AFRIC |
NIST MS number | 37883 |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr.,
NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]
Fletcher and Pilcher, 1970
Fletcher, R.A.; Pilcher, G.,
Measurements of heats of combustion by flame calorimetry,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1970, 66, 794-799. [all data]
Wartenberg and Lerner-Steinberg, 1925
Wartenberg, H.; Lerner-Steinberg,
Heat of formation of formaldehyde,
Z. Angew. Chem., 1925, 38, 591-592. [all data]
Thermodynamics Research Center, 1997
Thermodynamics Research Center,
Selected Values of Properties of Chemical Compounds., Thermodynamics Research Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 1997. [all data]
Thompson, 1941
Thompson, H.W.,
Thermodynamic functions and equilibria of formaldehyde, deuteroformaldehyde, phosgene and thiophosgene,
Trans. Faraday Soc., 1941, 37, 251-260. [all data]
Pillai M.G.K., 1961
Pillai M.G.K.,
Potential energy constants, rotational distortion constants, and calculated thermodynamic properties for some planar XYZ2 molecules,
J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1961, 6, 465-471. [all data]
Gurvich, Veyts, et al., 1989
Gurvich, L.V.; Veyts, I.V.; Alcock, C.B.,
Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, 4th ed.; Vols. 1 and 2, Hemisphere, New York, 1989. [all data]
Chao J., 1980
Chao J.,
Perfect gas thermodynamic properties of methanal, ethanal and their deuterated species,
Thermochim. Acta, 1980, 41, 41-54. [all data]
Chao J., 1986
Chao J.,
Thermodynamic properties of key organic oxygen compounds in the carbon range C1 to C4. Part 2. Ideal gas properties,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1369-1436. [all data]
Spence and Wild, 1935
Spence, R.; Wild, W.,
The Vapor Pressure Curve of Formaldehyde and Some Related Data,
J. Chem. Soc., 1935, 1935, 506-9. [all data]
Anonymous, 1958
Anonymous, R.,
, Am. Pet. Inst. Res. Proj. 45, Ohio State Univ., 1958. [all data]
Harries, 1901
Harries, C.D.,
Chem. Ber., 1901, 34, 635. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Spence and Wild, 1935, 2
Spence, Robert; Wild, William,
114. The vapour-pressure curve of formaldehyde, and some related data,
J. Chem. Soc., 1935, 506, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9350000506
. [all data]
Spence and Wild, 1935, 3
Spence, R.; Wild, W.,
The Vapour-Pressure Curve of Formaldehyde, and Some Related Data,
J. Chem. Soc., 1935, 138, 506-509, https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9350000506
. [all data]
Vasil'ev and Lebedev, 1998
Vasil'ev, V.G.; Lebedev, B.V.,
Thermodynamic Properties of Aliphatic Aldehydes and Polyaldehydes: Effect of Composition and Structure,
Polym. Sci., Ser. A, 1998, 40, 5, 464. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Bouchoux and Leblanc, 2000
Bouchoux, G.; Leblanc, D.,
Gas-phase basicity of formaldehyde by the thermokinetic method,
European J. Mass Spectrom., 2000, 6, 443. [all data]
Ohno, Okamura, et al., 1995
Ohno, K.; Okamura, K.; Yamakado, H.; Hoshino, S.; Takami, T.; Yamauchi, M.,
Penning ionization of HCHO, CH2CH2, and CH2CHCHO by collision with He*(2 3S) metastable atoms,
J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 14247. [all data]
Niu, Shirley, et al., 1993
Niu, B.; Shirley, D.A.; Bai, Y.,
High resolution photoelectron spectroscopy and femtosecond intramolecular dynamics of H2CO+ and D2CO+,
J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98, 4377. [all data]
Traeger, 1985
Traeger, J.C.,
Heat of formation for the formyl cation by photoionization mass spectrometry,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1985, 66, 271. [all data]
Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S.,
Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules
in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]
Von Niessen, Bieri, et al., 1980
Von Niessen, W.; Bieri, G.; Asbrink, L.,
30.4 nm He(II) photoelectron spectra of organic molecules. Part III. Oxo-compounds (C,H,O),
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1980, 21, 175. [all data]
Hernandez, Masclet, et al., 1977
Hernandez, R.; Masclet, P.; Mouvier, G.,
Spectroscopie de photoelectrons d'aldehydes et de cetones aliphatiques,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1977, 10, 333. [all data]
Drury-Lessard and Moule, 1977
Drury-Lessard, C.R.; Moule, D.C.,
The higher Rydberg states of formaldehyde,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1977, 47, 300. [all data]
Guyon, Chupka, et al., 1976
Guyon, P.M.; Chupka, W.A.; Berkowitz, J.,
Photoionization mass spectrometric study of formaldehyde H2CO, HDCO, and D2CO,
J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 65, 1419. [all data]
Warneck, 1971
Warneck, P.,
Photoionisation von methanol und formaldehyd,
Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1971, 26, 2047. [all data]
Mentall, Gentieu, et al., 1971
Mentall, J.E.; Gentieu, E.P.; Krauss, M.; Neumann, D.,
Photoionization and absorption spectrum of formaldehyde in the vacuum ultraviolet,
J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 55, 5471. [all data]
Matthews and Warneck, 1969
Matthews, C.S.; Warneck, P.,
Heats of formation of CHO+ and C3H3+ by photoionization,
J. Chem. Phys. 5, 1969, 1, 854. [all data]
Baker, Baker, et al., 1968
Baker, A.D.; Baker, C.; Brundle, C.R.; Turner, D.W.,
The electronic structures of methane, ethane, ethylene and formaldehyde studied by high-resolution molecular photoelectron spectroscopy,
Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1968, 1, 285. [all data]
Kanomata, 1961
Kanomata, I.,
Mass-spectrometric study on ionization and dissociation of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone and ethyl methyl ketone by electron impact,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1961, 34, 1864. [all data]
Vilesov, 1960
Vilesov, F.I.,
The photoionization of vapors of compounds whose molecules contain carbonyl groups,
Dokl. Phys. Chem., 1960, 132, 521, In original 1332. [all data]
Watanabe, 1957
Watanabe, K.,
Ionization potentials of some molecules,
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Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,gas Constant pressure heat capacity of gas IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy S°gas,1 bar Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar) Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔcH°gas Enthalpy of combustion of gas at standard conditions ΔfH(+) ion,0K Enthalpy of formation of positive ion at 0K ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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