Allene

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Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C3H3- + Hydrogen cation = Allene

By formula: C3H3- + H+ = C3H4

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr380.0 ± 2.0kcal/molD-EARobinson, Polak, et al., 1995gas phase; Neutral acid: allene. Propyne would be 1.0 kcal/mol less acidic.; B
Δr381.4 ± 3.1kcal/molG+TSRobinson, Polak, et al., 1995gas phase; Relative to MeOH at 375.0; kinetic scheme factors in isomerization; B
Δr380.6 ± 2.1kcal/molD-EAOakes and Ellison, 1983gas phase; Neutral acid: allene. Propyne would be 1.0 kcal/mol less acidic.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr372.8 ± 3.0kcal/molIMRERobinson, Polak, et al., 1995gas phase; Relative to MeOH at 375.0; kinetic scheme factors in isomerization; B
Δr372.0 ± 2.2kcal/molH-TSOakes and Ellison, 1983gas phase; Neutral acid: allene. Propyne would be 1.0 kcal/mol less acidic.; B

2Hydrogen + Allene = Propane

By formula: 2H2 + C3H4 = C3H8

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-70.54 ± 0.25kcal/molChydKistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1936gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -71.28 ± 0.20 kcal/mol; At 355 °K; ALS

(CAS Reg. No. 86046-90-4 • 4294967295Allene) + Allene = CAS Reg. No. 86046-90-4

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 86046-90-4 • 4294967295C3H4) + C3H4 = CAS Reg. No. 86046-90-4

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr14.8 ± 3.7kcal/molTherBartmess and Burnham, 1984gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

(CAS Reg. No. 83268-51-3 • 4294967295Allene) + Allene = CAS Reg. No. 83268-51-3

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 83268-51-3 • 4294967295C3H4) + C3H4 = CAS Reg. No. 83268-51-3

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr25.4 ± 2.4kcal/molN/ABartmess and Burnham, 1984gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

(CAS Reg. No. 1724-46-5 • 4294967295Allene) + Allene = CAS Reg. No. 1724-46-5

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 1724-46-5 • 4294967295C3H4) + C3H4 = CAS Reg. No. 1724-46-5

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr50.2 ± 2.2kcal/molN/ABartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Allene = Propyne

By formula: C3H4 = C3H4

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-0.90 ± 0.50kcal/molCmCordes and Gunzler, 1959gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -0.81 kcal/mol; ALS

(CAS Reg. No. 86046-88-0 • 4294967295Allene) + Allene = CAS Reg. No. 86046-88-0

By formula: (CAS Reg. No. 86046-88-0 • 4294967295C3H4) + C3H4 = CAS Reg. No. 86046-88-0

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr26.6 ± 9.4kcal/molTherBartmess and Burnham, 1984gas phase; Between H2O, MeOH; B

Rh+ + Allene = (Rh+ • Allene)

By formula: Rh+ + C3H4 = (Rh+ • C3H4)

Enthalpy of reaction

ΔrH° (kcal/mol) T (K) Method Reference Comment
53.0 (+4.6,-0.) CIDChen and Armetrout, 1995gas phase; guided ion beam CID; M

Chromium ion (1+) + Allene = (Chromium ion (1+) • Allene)

By formula: Cr+ + C3H4 = (Cr+ • C3H4)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr42.0 ± 2.0kcal/molCIDTFisher and Armentrout, 1992propyne or allene; RCD

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C3H4+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.692 ± 0.004eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)185.3kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity178.3kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.688 ± 0.002PEYang, Wang, et al., 1990LL
10.06PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
9.691 ± 0.004PIStockbauer, McCulloh, et al., 1979LLK
9.696 ± 0.002TEParr, Jason, et al., 1978LLK
9.62 ± 0.02PEBieri, Burger, et al., 1977LLK
9.62EILossing, 1972LLK
10.017 ± 0.003SIverson and Russell, 1972LLK
9.53 ± 0.03PIMatthews and Warneck, 1969RDSH
9.83PEDewar and Worley, 1969RDSH
9.69PEBaker and Turner, 1969RDSH
9.62 ± 0.04PIParr and Elder, 1968RDSH
10.PELeng and Nyberg, 1977Vertical value; LLK
10.2 ± 0.1PEBieri, Burger, et al., 1977Vertical value; LLK
10.02PEThomas and Thompson, 1974Vertical value; LLK
10.07PEBrogli, Crandall, et al., 1973Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C3H+16.9 ± 0.1H2+HTEParr, Jason, et al., 1978LLK
C3H+18.56 ± 0.05H2+HEIFranklin and Mogenis, 1967RDSH
C3H2+13.5 ± 0.2H2TEParr, Jason, et al., 1978LLK
C3H2+14.34 ± 0.08H2EIFranklin and Mogenis, 1967RDSH
C3H3+11.60 ± 0.01HPIStockbauer and Rosenstock, 1978LLK
C3H3+11.48 ± 0.02?TEParr, Jason, et al., 1978LLK
C3H3+11.47HEILossing, 1972LLK
C3H3+11.48HPIMatthews and Warneck, 1969RDSH
C3H3+11.48 ± 0.02HPIParr and Elder, 1968RDSH
C3H22+32.5 ± 0.2?EIFranklin and Mogenis, 1967RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C3H3- + Hydrogen cation = Allene

By formula: C3H3- + H+ = C3H4

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr380.0 ± 2.0kcal/molD-EARobinson, Polak, et al., 1995gas phase; Neutral acid: allene. Propyne would be 1.0 kcal/mol less acidic.; B
Δr381.4 ± 3.1kcal/molG+TSRobinson, Polak, et al., 1995gas phase; Relative to MeOH at 375.0; kinetic scheme factors in isomerization; B
Δr380.6 ± 2.1kcal/molD-EAOakes and Ellison, 1983gas phase; Neutral acid: allene. Propyne would be 1.0 kcal/mol less acidic.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr372.8 ± 3.0kcal/molIMRERobinson, Polak, et al., 1995gas phase; Relative to MeOH at 375.0; kinetic scheme factors in isomerization; B
Δr372.0 ± 2.2kcal/molH-TSOakes and Ellison, 1983gas phase; Neutral acid: allene. Propyne would be 1.0 kcal/mol less acidic.; B

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Robinson, Polak, et al., 1995
Robinson, M.S.; Polak, M.L.; Bierbaum, V.M.; DePuy, C.H.; Lineberger, W.C., Experimental Studies of Allene, Methylacetylene, and the Propargyl Radical: Bond Dissociation Energies, Gas-Phase Acidities, and Ion-Molecule Chemistry, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 25, 6766, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00130a017 . [all data]

Oakes and Ellison, 1983
Oakes, J.M.; Ellison, B.G., Photoelectron spectroscopy of the allenyl anion CH2=C=CH-, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 2969. [all data]

Kistiakowsky, Ruhoff, et al., 1936
Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Ruhoff, J.R.; Smith, H.A.; Vaughan, W.E., Heats of organic reactions. IV. Hydrogenation of some dienes and of benzene, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 146-153. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Bartmess and Burnham, 1984
Bartmess, J.E.; Burnham, R., Effect of central substituents on the gas phase acidities of propenes, J. Org. Chem., 1984, 49, 1382. [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

Cordes and Gunzler, 1959
Cordes, J.F.; Gunzler, H., Das propin/propadien-gleichgewicht, Chem. Ber., 1959, 92, 1055-1062. [all data]

Chen and Armetrout, 1995
Chen, Y.M.; Armetrout, P.B., Activation of C2H6, C3H8, and c-C3H6 by Gas-Phase Rh+ and the Thermochemistry of Rh-Ligand Complexes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 36, 9291, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00141a022 . [all data]

Fisher and Armentrout, 1992
Fisher, E.R.; Armentrout, P.B., Activation of Alkanes by Cr+: Unique Reactivity of Ground-State Cr+(6S) and Thermochemistry of Neutral and Ionic Chromium-Carbon Bonds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 6, 2039, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00032a017 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Yang, Wang, et al., 1990
Yang, Z.Z.; Wang, L.S.; Lee, Y.T.; Shirley, D.A.; Huang, S.Y.; Lester, W.A., Jr., Molecular beam photoelectron spectroscopy of allene, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1990, 171, 9. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Stockbauer, McCulloh, et al., 1979
Stockbauer, R.; McCulloh, K.E.; Parr, A.C., The ionization potential of allene, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1979, 31, 187. [all data]

Parr, Jason, et al., 1978
Parr, A.C.; Jason, A.J.; Stockbauer, R., Photoionization and threshold photoelectron-photoion coincidence study of allene from onset to 20eV, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1978, 26, 23. [all data]

Bieri, Burger, et al., 1977
Bieri, G.; Burger, F.; Heilbronner, E.; Maier, J.P., Valence ionization enrgies of hydrocarbons, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1977, 60, 2213. [all data]

Lossing, 1972
Lossing, F.P., Free radicals by mass spectrometry. XLV. Ionization potentials and heats of formation of C3H3, C3H5, and C4H7 radicals and ions, Can. J. Chem., 1972, 50, 3973. [all data]

Iverson and Russell, 1972
Iverson, A.A.; Russell, B.R., A medium resolution study of allene in the vacuum ultraviolet. I. Spectra and a preliminary ionization potential, Spectrochim. Acta Part A, 1972, 28, 447. [all data]

Matthews and Warneck, 1969
Matthews, C.S.; Warneck, P., Heats of formation of CHO+ and C3H3+ by photoionization, J. Chem. Phys. 5, 1969, 1, 854. [all data]

Dewar and Worley, 1969
Dewar, M.J.S.; Worley, S.D., Photoelectron spectra of molecules. I. Ionization potentials of some organic molecules and their interpretation, J. Chem. Phys., 1969, 50, 654. [all data]

Baker and Turner, 1969
Baker, C.; Turner, D.W., Photoelectron spectra of allene and keten; Jahn-Teller distortion in the ionisation of allene, Chem. Commun., 1969, 480. [all data]

Parr and Elder, 1968
Parr, A.C.; Elder, F.A., Photoionization of 1,3butadiene, 1,2-butadiene, allene, and propyne, J. Chem. Phys., 1968, 49, 2659. [all data]

Leng and Nyberg, 1977
Leng, F.J.; Nyberg, G.L., Angular-distribution He(I)/Ne(I) photoelectron spectra of allene, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1977, 73, 1719. [all data]

Thomas and Thompson, 1974
Thomas, R.K.; Thompson, H., The photoelectron spectra of allene, deuteroallenes and tetrafluoroallene, Proc. R. Soc. London A:, 1974, 339, 29. [all data]

Brogli, Crandall, et al., 1973
Brogli, F.; Crandall, J.K.; Heilbronner, E.; Kloster-Jensen, E.; Sojka, S.A., The photoelectron spectra of methyl-substituted allenes and of tetramethyl-bisallenyl, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1973, 2, 455. [all data]

Franklin and Mogenis, 1967
Franklin, J.L.; Mogenis, A., An electron impact study of ions from several dienes, J. Phys. Chem., 1967, 71, 2820. [all data]

Stockbauer and Rosenstock, 1978
Stockbauer, R.; Rosenstock, H.M., Kinetic shift in methane allene ion fragmentation, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1978, 27, 185. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References