15-Crown-5

• Formula: C₁₀H₂₀O₅
• Molecular weight: 220.2628
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C10H20O5/c1-2-12-5-6-14-9-10-15-8-7-13-4-3-11-1/h1-10H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: VFTFKUDGYRBSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 33100-27-5
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: 1,4,7,10,13-Pentaoxacyclopentadecane; 15-Crown-5 ether; 1,4,10,13-pentaoxacyclopentadecane
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.

Reduced pressure boiling point

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Ionization energy determinations

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

C₃H₁₀N⁺ +  = (C₃H₁₀N⁺ • )

By formula: C₃H₁₀N⁺ + C₁₀H₂₀O₅ = (C₃H₁₀N⁺ • C₁₀H₂₀O₅)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds with polydentate bonding in positive ions

C₅H₆N⁺ +  = (C₅H₆N⁺ • )

By formula: C₅H₆N⁺ + C₁₀H₂₀O₅ = (C₅H₆N⁺ • C₁₀H₂₀O₅)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds with polydentate bonding in positive ions

C₆H₁₄N⁺ +  = (C₆H₁₄N⁺ • )

By formula: C₆H₁₄N⁺ + C₁₀H₂₀O₅ = (C₆H₁₄N⁺ • C₁₀H₂₀O₅)

Bond type: Hydrogen bonds with polydentate bonding in positive ions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cs⁺ + C₁₀H₂₀O₅ = (Cs⁺ • C₁₀H₂₀O₅)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: K⁺ + C₁₀H₂₀O₅ = (K⁺ • C₁₀H₂₀O₅)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Na⁺ + C₁₀H₂₀O₅ = (Na⁺ • C₁₀H₂₀O₅)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Rb⁺ + C₁₀H₂₀O₅ = (Rb⁺ • C₁₀H₂₀O₅)

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Bystrm and Mansson, 1982
Bystrm, K.; Mansson, M., Enthalpies of formation of some cyclic 1,3- and 1,4-Di- and poly-ethers: Thermochemical strain in the -O-C-O and -O-C-C-O- groups, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 2, 1982, 565. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Nichols, Orf, et al., 2000
Nichols, Gary; Orf, Jennifer; Reiter, Sarah M.; Chickos, James; Gokel, George W., The vaporization enthalpies of some crown and polyethers by correlation gas chromatography, Thermochimica Acta, 2000, 346, 1-2, 15-28, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(99)00405-0 . [all data]

Bystr«65533»m and M«65533»nsson, 1982
Bystr«65533»m, Katarina; M«65533»nsson, Margret, Enthalpies of formation of some cyclic 1,3- and 1,4-di- and poly-ethers: thermochemical strain in the ?O?C?O? and ?O?C?C?O? groups, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1982, 5, 565, https://doi.org/10.1039/p29820000565 . [all data]

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

PCR Inc., 1990
PCR Inc., Research Chemicals Catalog 1990-1991, PCR Inc., Gainesville, FL, 1990, 1. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Kajitani, Sugimori, et al., 1979
Kajitani, M.; Sugimori, A.; Sato, N.; Seki, K.; Inokuchi, H.; Harada, Y., Ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of crown ethers, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1979, 52, 2199. [all data]

Baker, Armen, et al., 1983
Baker, A.D.; Armen, G.H.; Funaro, S., Oral levels of crown ethers and related macrocycles studies by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy: Relationship to complexation studies, J. Chem. Soc. Dalton Trans., 1983, 2519. [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1983
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond. 3. Multiple and -CH+...O- Bonds. Complexes of Ammonium Ions with Polyethers and Crown Ethers, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983, 105, 15, 4912, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00353a012 . [all data]

Rodgers and Armentrout, 2000
Rodgers, M.T.; Armentrout, P.B., Noncovalent Metal-Ligand Bond Energies as Studied by Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation, Mass Spectrom. Rev., 2000, 19, 4, 215, https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-2787(200007)19:4<215::AID-MAS2>3.0.CO;2-X . [all data]

More, Ray, et al., 1999
More, M.B.; Ray, D.; Armentrout, P.B., Intrinsic Affinities of Alkali Cations for 15-Crown-5 and 18-Crown-6: Bond Dissociation Energies of Gas-Phase M+-Crown Ether Complexes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 2, 417, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja9823159 . [all data]

Okumura, 1991
Okumura, T., retention indices of environmental chemicals on methyl silicone capillary column, Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Japan), 1991, 1, 2, 333-358, https://doi.org/10.5985/jec.1.333 . [all data]

Njoroge, Koaze, et al., 2005
Njoroge, S.M.; Koaze, H.; Karanja, P.N.; Sawamura, M., Essential oil constituents of three varieties of Kenyan sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis), Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 80-85, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1377 . [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Tboil	Boiling point
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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