Benzene, 2-propenyl-

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-5169.3kJ/molCcbClopatt, 1932Corresponding Δfliquid = 199. kJ/mol (simple calculation by NIST; no Washburn corrections)

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil429. ± 2.KAVGN/AAverage of 12 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus233.15KN/ALespieau, 1930Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 4. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap46.3 ± 0.2kJ/molGSVerevkin, 1999Based on data from 274. to 313. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
46.5 ± 0.2294.GSVerevkin, 1999Based on data from 274. to 313. K.; AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C9H9- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, 2-propenyl-

By formula: C9H9- + H+ = C9H10

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1540. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSGlasovac, Eckert-Maksic, et al., 2002gas phase; The PhCH2CH=CH2 HOF by 81CHY/HIM is at least 4 kcal/mol too high in energy; B
Δr1540. ± 19.kJ/molG+TSDahlke and Kass, 1991gas phase; Between Et2NOH, Me2CH=NOH. Reprotonation site uncertain.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1513. ± 8.8kJ/molIMREGlasovac, Eckert-Maksic, et al., 2002gas phase; The PhCH2CH=CH2 HOF by 81CHY/HIM is at least 4 kcal/mol too high in energy; B
Δr1513. ± 19.kJ/molIMRBDahlke and Kass, 1991gas phase; Between Et2NOH, Me2CH=NOH. Reprotonation site uncertain.; B

Benzene, 2-propenyl- = (Z)-1-Phenylpropene

By formula: C9H10 = C9H10

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-12.3 ± 0.6kJ/molEqkTaskinen and Lindholm, 1994liquid phase; solvent: DMSO; Heat of isomerization; ALS

Hydrogen + Benzene, 2-propenyl- = Benzene, propyl-

By formula: H2 + C9H10 = C9H12

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-126. ± 0.8kJ/molChydRogers and McLafferty, 1971liquid phase; solvent: Hydrocarbon; ALS

Benzene, 2-propenyl- = trans-β-Methylstyrene

By formula: C9H10 = C9H10

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-23.3 ± 0.5kJ/molEqkTaskinen and Lindholm, 1994liquid phase; solvent: DMSO; ALS

trans-β-Methylstyrene = Benzene, 2-propenyl-

By formula: C9H10 = C9H10

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr-20.1kJ/molEqkTaskinen and Lindholm, 1994gas phase; Heat of isomerization; ALS

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

View reactions leading to C9H10+ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.70PEFu and Dunbar, 1978LLK
7.8 ± 0.1EIKoppel, Schwarz, et al., 1974LLK
8.60PERabalais and Colton, 1973LLK
8.20 ± 0.02PEMaier and Turner, 1973LLK
9.16PEEaton and Traylor, 1974Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C9H9+11.6 ± 0.1HEIKoppel, Schwarz, et al., 1974LLK

De-protonation reactions

C9H9- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, 2-propenyl-

By formula: C9H9- + H+ = C9H10

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1540. ± 9.2kJ/molG+TSGlasovac, Eckert-Maksic, et al., 2002gas phase; The PhCH2CH=CH2 HOF by 81CHY/HIM is at least 4 kcal/mol too high in energy; B
Δr1540. ± 19.kJ/molG+TSDahlke and Kass, 1991gas phase; Between Et2NOH, Me2CH=NOH. Reprotonation site uncertain.; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr1513. ± 8.8kJ/molIMREGlasovac, Eckert-Maksic, et al., 2002gas phase; The PhCH2CH=CH2 HOF by 81CHY/HIM is at least 4 kcal/mol too high in energy; B
Δr1513. ± 19.kJ/molIMRBDahlke and Kass, 1991gas phase; Between Et2NOH, Me2CH=NOH. Reprotonation site uncertain.; B

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
NIST MS number 2025

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UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Eugeny B. Stern, Antonina A. Goncharova, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Rabinovich, Astaf'ev, et al., 1962
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 3167
Instrument n.i.g.
Melting point -40
Boiling point 156

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1010.914.Skrbic and Vojinovic-Miloradov, 1994 
CapillaryHP-160.927.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryHP-160.927.Zhang, Li, et al., 1992N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.939.Engewald, Topalova, et al., 1987Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm
CapillarySqualane106.922.Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983He; Column length: 100. m
CapillarySqualane96.919.Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983He; Column length: 100. m
CapillarySE-3070.932.6Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySE-30130.948.Bredael, 1982Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3080.934.Bredael, 1982Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySqualane86.917.8Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane96.920.Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-101100.938.9Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-101120.943.6Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryOV-101140.950.5Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillarySqualane86.917.8Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySqualane96.920.0Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillarySE-3065.929.3Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.929.3Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm
CapillarySE-3065.929.3Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5953.Buchin, Salmon, et al., 200260. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 2. min

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryPEG-20M70.1263.2Tóth, 1983N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
PackedCarbowax 20M115.1291.1Ellis and Still, 1979Chromosorb G
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1240.0Döring, Estel, et al., 1974Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-1950.Rezazadeh, Hamedani, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-5947.Rezazadeh, Hamedani, et al., 200625. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-5951.5Xu, van Stee, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryPetrocol DH928.White, Hackett, et al., 1992100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillarySE-54934.4Shapi and Hesso, 199025. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min
CapillarySE-54934.4Shapi and Hesso, 199025. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 15. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-1934.Orav, Kailas, et al., 19992. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 160. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryPolymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000)933.Cornwell and Cordano, 2003Program: not specified
CapillaryPolydimethyl siloxanes930.Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996Program: not specified
CapillaryMethyl Silicone930.Zenkevich, 1995Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-1928.Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.929.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal

View large format table.

Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M90.1240.Sutter, Peterson, et al., 1997 

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1263.Cornwell and Cordano, 2003Program: not specified

Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5154.5Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007Column length: 60. m; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5MS143.1Aracil, Font, et al., 2005Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Clopatt, 1932
Clopatt, J.A., Eine neue Methode zur Bestimmung der Verbrennungswarme fluchtiger Stoffe, Soc. Scient. Fenn. Commentat. Phys. Math., 1932, 6, 1-15. [all data]

Lespieau, 1930
Lespieau, R., Preparation of the β Dibromides of Trimethylenic Hydrocarbons, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 1930, 47, 847. [all data]

Verevkin, 1999
Verevkin, Sergey P., Thermochemical investigation on α-methyl-styrene and parent phenyl substituted alkenes, Thermochimica Acta, 1999, 326, 1-2, 17-25, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6031(98)00585-1 . [all data]

Glasovac, Eckert-Maksic, et al., 2002
Glasovac, Z.; Eckert-Maksic, M.; Dacres, J.E.; Kass, S.R., Gas phase formation of 1-phenylcyclobuten-3-yl and 1- phenylallyl anions and a determination of the allylic C-H acidities and bond dissociation energies of 1-phenylcyclobutene and (E)-1-phen, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans., 2002, 2, 3, 410-415, https://doi.org/10.1039/b111398d . [all data]

Dahlke and Kass, 1991
Dahlke, G.D.; Kass, S.R., Substituent Effects in the Gas Phase - 1-Substituted Allyl Anions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 15, 5566, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00015a008 . [all data]

Taskinen and Lindholm, 1994
Taskinen, E.; Lindholm, N., Relative thermodynamic stabilities of the isomeric propenylbenzenes, J. Phys. Org. Chem., 1994, 7, 256-258. [all data]

Rogers and McLafferty, 1971
Rogers, D.W.; McLafferty, F.J., A new hydrogen calorimeter. Heats of hydrogenation of allyl and vinyl unsaturation adjacent to a ring, Tetrahedron, 1971, 27, 3765-3775. [all data]

Fu and Dunbar, 1978
Fu, E.W.; Dunbar, R.C., Photodissociation spectroscopy and structural rearrangements in ions of cyclooctatetraene, styrene and related molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 2283. [all data]

Koppel, Schwarz, et al., 1974
Koppel, C.; Schwarz, H.; Bohlmann, F., Elektronenstossinduzierte fragmentierung von acetylenverbindungen. VIII. Struktur der stabilen und instabilen ionen[C9H9]+ aus isomeren C9H10- kohlenwasserstoffen, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1974, 8, 25. [all data]

Rabalais and Colton, 1973
Rabalais, J.W.; Colton, R.J., Electronic interaction between the phenyl group and its unsaturated substituents, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1973, 1, 83. [all data]

Maier and Turner, 1973
Maier, J.P.; Turner, D.W., Steric inhibition of resonance studied by molecular photoelectron spectroscopy. Part 2. Phenylethylenes, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1973, 69, 196. [all data]

Eaton and Traylor, 1974
Eaton, D.F.; Traylor, T.G., Distortional stabilization in phenyl participations, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 7109. [all data]

Rabinovich, Astaf'ev, et al., 1962
Rabinovich, E.A.; Astaf'ev, I.V.; Shatenshtein, A.I., The problem of the carbane ion mechanism of isomerization of unsaturated hydrocarbons, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 1962, 32, 746-747. [all data]

Skrbic and Vojinovic-Miloradov, 1994
Skrbic, B.D.; Vojinovic-Miloradov, M.B., A contribution to the qualitative GC analysis of some non-chlorinated xenobiotic chemicals in waste waters, Water Sci. Technol., 1994, 30, 3, 91-93. [all data]

Zhang, Li, et al., 1992
Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions, Chromatographia, 1992, 33, 3/4, 138-146, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275894 . [all data]

Engewald, Topalova, et al., 1987
Engewald, W.; Topalova, I.; Petsev, N.; Dimitrov, Chr., Structure-Retention Correlations of Hydrocarbons in GLC and GSC. Alkenylbenzenes, Chromatographia, 1987, 23, 8, 561-565, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02324864 . [all data]

Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983
Kugucheva, E.E.; Mashinsky, V.I., Retention Indices of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Capillary Columns with Squalan and Polyphenyl Ether, Zh. Anal. Khim. (Rus), 1983, 38, 11, 2023-2026. [all data]

Tóth, 1983
Tóth, T., Use of capillary gas chromatography in collecting retention and chemical information for the analysis of complex petrochemical mixtures, J. Chromatogr., 1983, 279, 157-165, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)93614-3 . [all data]

Bredael, 1982
Bredael, P., Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1982, 5, 6, 325-328, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240050610 . [all data]

Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982
Macák, J.; Nabivach, V.; Buryan, P.; Sindler, S., Dependence of retention indices of alkylbenzenes on their molecular structure, J. Chromatogr., 1982, 234, 2, 285-302, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)81867-1 . [all data]

Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981
Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M., Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions, J. Chromatogr., 1981, 208, 1, 9-16, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)87953-4 . [all data]

Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978
Nabivach, V.M.; Bur'yan, P.; Matsak, I., Retention indices of aromatic hydrocarbons on a squalane capillary column, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1978, 33, 7, 1108-1113. [all data]

Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974
Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D.; Cramers, C.A., Mechanisms of the thermal degradation of alkylbenzenes, J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 659-675, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97946-4 . [all data]

Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974
Svob, V.; Deur-Siftar, D., Kovats Retention Indices in the Identification of Alkylbenzene Degradation Products, J. Chromatogr., 1974, 91, 677-689, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)97947-6 . [all data]

Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002
Buchin, S.; Salmon, J.-C.; Carnat, A.-P.; Berger, T.; Bugaud, C.; Bosset, J.O., Identification de composés monoterpéniques, sesquiterpéniques et benzéniques dans un lait d'alpage très riche en ces substances, Mitt. Lebensmittelunters. Hyg., 2002, 93, 199-216. [all data]

Ellis and Still, 1979
Ellis, T.S.; Still, R.H., Thermal degradation of polymers. XXI. Vacuum pyrolysis of poly(m-N,N-dimethylaminostyrene); the products volatile at pyrolysis temperature, liquid at room temperature, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1979, 23, 10, 2837-2854, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070231002 . [all data]

Döring, Estel, et al., 1974
Döring, C.E.; Estel, D.; Fischer, R., Kapillar-gaschromatographische Charakterisierung von C10-bis C12-Aromaten, J. Prakt. Chem., 1974, 316, 1, 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1002/prac.19743160102 . [all data]

Rezazadeh, Hamedani, et al., 2006
Rezazadeh, S.; Hamedani, M.P.; Dowlatabadi, R.; Yazdani, D.; Shafiee, A., Chemical composition of the essential oils of Stachys schtschegleevii Sosn. and Stachys balansae Boiss Kotschy from Iran, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 2, 290-293, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1587 . [all data]

Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003
Xu, X.; van Stee, L.L.P.; Williams, J.; Beens, J.; Adahchour, M.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.; Lelieveld, J., Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2003, 3, 3, 665-682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-665-2003 . [all data]

White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S., Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1992, 15, 2, 105-120, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240150211 . [all data]

Shapi and Hesso, 1990
Shapi, M.M.; Hesso, A., Thermal decomposition of polystyrene volatile compounds from large-scale pyrolysis, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 1990, 18, 2, 143-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2370(90)80004-8 . [all data]

Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J., Composition of the oil from waste tires. 2. Fraction boiling at 160-180 0C, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem., 1999, 48, 3, 136-140. [all data]

Cornwell and Cordano, 2003
Cornwell, E.; Cordano, G., Nueva proposicion para predecir datos de retencion obtenidos mediante cromatografia de gases de hidrocarburos derivados de las naftas, Revista de la Sociedad Quimica de Mexico, 2003, 47, 1, 38-43. [all data]

Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996
Zenkevich, I.G.; Chupalov, A.A., New Possibilities of Chromato Mass Pectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds Using Increments of Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of Molecular Structural Fragments, Zh. Org. Khim. (Rus.), 1996, 32, 5, 656-666. [all data]

Zenkevich, 1995
Zenkevich, I.G., Calculation of Gas-Chromatographic Retention Indices from Physico-Chemical Constants of Organic Compounds, Z. Anal. Chem., 1995, 50, 10, 1048-1056. [all data]

Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994
Ciccioli, P.; Cecinato, A.; Brancaleoni, E.; Brachetti, A.; Frattoni, M.; Sparapani, R., Composition and Distribution of Polar and Non-Polar VOCs in Urban, Rural, Forest and Remote Areas, Eur Commission EUR, 1994, 549-568. [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]

Sutter, Peterson, et al., 1997
Sutter, J.M.; Peterson, T.A.; Jurs, P.C., Prediction of gas chromatographic retention indices of alkylbenzenes, Anal. Chim. Acta., 1997, 342, 2-3, 113-122, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(96)00578-8 . [all data]

Fuentes, Font, et al., 2007
Fuentes, M.J.; Font, R.; Gomez-Rico, M.F.; Martin-Gullon, I., Pyrolysis and combustion of waste lubricant oil from diesel cars: Decomposition and pollutants, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2007, 79, 1-2, 215-226, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2006.12.004 . [all data]

Aracil, Font, et al., 2005
Aracil, I.; Font, R.; Conesa, J.A., Semivolatile and volatile compounds from the pyrolysis and combustion of polyvinyl chloride, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 2005, 74, 1-2, 465-478, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2004.09.008 . [all data]


Notes

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