Stannane, tetrapropyl-

Formula: C₁₂H₂₈Sn
Molecular weight: 291.061
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/4C3H7.Sn/c4*1-3-2;/h4*1,3H2,2H3;
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: OIQCWAIEHVRCCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 2176-98-9
Chemical structure:
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Other names: Tetrapropyltin; Tetrapropylstannane; (C3H7)4Sn; tetra-n-Propyltin; Tin, tetrapropyl-
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Phase change data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity	Value	Units	Method	Reference	Comment
Δ_vapH°	65.4 ± 2.5	kJ/mol	CC-SB	Abraham and Irving, 1980	Anoher value for the enthalpy of vaporization has been reported: 66.9 ± 2.1 kJ/mol Davies, Pope, et al., 1963.; MS
Δ_vapH°	65.4 ± 2.5	kJ/mol	C	Abraham and Irving, 1980, 2	AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
55.0 ± 0.7	400.	N/A	Baev, 2001	Based on data from 343. to 457. K.; AC
60.8	333. to 393.	GC	Hawker, 1992	AC
52.5	376.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 361. to 470. K.; AC

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV)	Method	Reference	Comment
8.82	PE	Kochi, 1980	Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
C₆H₁₅Sn⁺	10.6 ± 0.2	?	EI	Occolowitz, Lett. 1966	RDSH
C₉H₂₁Sn⁺	8.8 ± 0.2	?	EI	Occolowitz, Lett. 1966	RDSH

Gas Chromatography

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Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Packed	Apiezon L	190.	1327.	Putnam and Pu, 1965	Celite; Column length: 1. m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Packed	Apiezon L	1326.	Putnam and Pu, 1965, 2	Celite, 10. K/min; Column length: 3. m; T_start: 60. C
Packed	Apiezon L	1329.	Putnam and Pu, 1965, 2	Celite, 15. K/min; Column length: 3. m; T_start: 60. C
Packed	Apiezon L	1325.	Putnam and Pu, 1965, 2	Celite, 6. K/min; Column length: 3. m; T_start: 60. C

References

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Abraham and Irving, 1980
Abraham, M.H.; Irving, R.J., J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1980, 12, 539. [all data]

Davies, Pope, et al., 1963
Davies, J.V.; Pope, A.E.; Skinner, H.A., Thermochemistry of metallic alkyls. Part 10.?Heats of combustion of some tetra-alkyls of tin, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1963, 59, 2233, https://doi.org/10.1039/tf9635902233 . [all data]

Abraham and Irving, 1980, 2
Abraham, M.H.; Irving, R.J., Enthalpies of vaporization of tetramethyltin, tetraethyltin, tetra-n-propyltin, and tetraethyl-lead, and a survey of the Group IV tetramethyl and tetraethyl compounds, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1980, 12, 6, 539-544, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(80)90183-4 . [all data]

Baev, 2001
Baev, A.K., Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Khim. Khim. Tekhnol., 2001, 44, 1, 3. [all data]

Hawker, 1992
Hawker, Darryl, Equilibrium vapour pressures of tetraorganostannanes, Chemosphere, 1992, 25, 4, 427-436, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(92)90276-W . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Kochi, 1980
Kochi, J.K., The role of electron transfer and charge transfer in organometallic chemistry, Pure Appl. Chem., 1980, 52, 571. [all data]

Occolowitz, Lett. 1966
Occolowitz, J.L., Electron impact fragmentation of some organotin compounds, Tetrahedron, Lett. 1966, 5291. [all data]

Putnam and Pu, 1965
Putnam, R.C.; Pu, H., Retention indices of organotins, J. Gas Chromatogr., 1965, 3, 5, 160-164, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/3.5.160 . [all data]

Putnam and Pu, 1965, 2
Putnam, R.C.; Pu, H., Retention indices of organotins (II), J. Gas Chromatogr., 1965, 3, 9, 289-293, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/3.9.289 . [all data]

Notes

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Symbols used in this document:

AE Appearance energy

Δ_vapH Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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AE	Appearance energy
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
Δ_vapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions