Azobenzene, (E)-
- Formula: C12H10N2
- Molecular weight: 182.2212
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C12H10N2/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)13-14-12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: DMLAVOWQYNRWNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 17082-12-1
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Species with the same structure:
- Other names: Diazene, diphenyl-, (E)-; trans-Azobenzene; (E)-Diphenyldiazene; Diazene,diphenyl-,(trans)-
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔfH°gas | 405.5 ± 1.3 | kJ/mol | Ccr | Steele, Chirico, et al., 1996 | Hfusion=21.3±0.5 kJ/mol; ALS |
| ΔfH°gas | 402.2 ± 2.7 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Dias, Minas Da Piedade, et al., 1992 | ALS |
| ΔfH°gas | 403.8 | kJ/mol | N/A | Schulze, Petrick, et al., 1977 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of 310.2±3.4 kj/mol from Schulze, Petrick, et al., 1977 and ΔsubH° value of 93.6 kj/mol from Steele, Chirico, et al., 1996.; DRB |
| ΔfH°gas | 413.6 | kJ/mol | N/A | Cole and Gilbert, 1951 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of 320.0 kj/mol from Cole and Gilbert, 1951 and ΔsubH° value of 93.6 kj/mol from Steele, Chirico, et al., 1996.; DRB |
| ΔfH°gas | 410.6 | kJ/mol | N/A | Corruccini and Gilbert, 1939 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of 317.0±2.0 kj/mol from Corruccini and Gilbert, 1939 and ΔsubH° value of 93.6 kj/mol from Steele, Chirico, et al., 1996.; DRB |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C12H10N2 =
By formula: C12H10N2 = C12H10N2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -45.2 ± 2.4 | kJ/mol | Cpha | Dias, Minas Da Piedade, et al., 1992 | solid phase; Photoisomerization |
| ΔrH° | -48.2 ± 0.3 | kJ/mol | Ciso | Wolf and Cammenga, 1977 | solid phase |
| ΔrH° | -47.3 | kJ/mol | Ciso | Wolf and Cammenga, 1977 | gas phase; Gas phase |
Gas phase ion energetics data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
Ionization energy determinations
| IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8.5 ± 0.05 | PE | Millefiori, Millefiori, et al., 1979 | Vertical value; LLK |
| 8.46 | PE | Kobayashi, Yokota, et al., 1975 | Vertical value; LLK |
Gas Chromatography
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | HP5-MS | 278. | Vrana, Paschke, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min |
References
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Steele, Chirico, et al., 1996
Steele, W.V.; Chirico, R.D.; Knipmeyer, S.E.; Nguyen, A.; Smith, N.K.,
Thermodynamic properties and ideal-gas enthalpies of formation for butyl vinyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, methyl glycolate, bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene, 5-vinylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene, trans-azobenzene, butyl acrylate, di-tert-butyl ether, and hexane-1,6-diol,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1996, 41, 1285-1302. [all data]
Dias, Minas Da Piedade, et al., 1992
Dias, A.R.; Minas Da Piedade, M.E.; Martinho Simoes, J.A.; Simoni, J.A.; Teixeira, C.; Diogo, H.P.; Meng-Yen, Y.; Pilcher, G.,
Enthalpies of formation of cis-azobenzene and trans-azobenzene,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1992, 24, 439-447. [all data]
Schulze, Petrick, et al., 1977
Schulze, F.W.; Petrick, H.J.; Cammenga, H.K.,
Thermodynamic properties of structural analogues benzo[c]cinnoline, trans-azobenzene, and cis-azobenzene,
Z. Phys. Chem. (Neue Folge), 1977, 107, 1-19. [all data]
Cole and Gilbert, 1951
Cole, L.G.; Gilbert, E.C.,
The heats of combustion of some nitrogen compounds and the apparent energy of the N-N bond,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1951, 73, 5423-5427. [all data]
Corruccini and Gilbert, 1939
Corruccini, R.J.; Gilbert, E.C.,
The heat of combustion of cis- and trans-azobenzene,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1939, 61, 2925-2927. [all data]
Wolf and Cammenga, 1977
Wolf, E.; Cammenga, H.K.,
Thermodynamic and kinetic investigation of the thermal isomerization of cis-azobenzene,
Z. Phys. Chem. (Neue Folge), 1977, 107, 21-38. [all data]
Millefiori, Millefiori, et al., 1979
Millefiori, S.; Millefiori, A.; Pignataro, S.; Distefano, G.; Colonna, F.P.,
Gas phase UPS investigation of trans-azobenzenes,
Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1979, 34, 1496. [all data]
Kobayashi, Yokota, et al., 1975
Kobayashi, T.; Yokota, K.; Nagakura, S.,
Photoelectron spectra of trans-azobenzene and benzalaniline,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1975, 6, 167. [all data]
Vrana, Paschke, et al., 2005
Vrana, B.; Paschke, H.; Paschke, A.; Popp, P.; Schuurmann, G.,
Performance of semipermeable membrane devices for sampling of organic contaminants in groun water,
J. Envirom. Monit., 2005, 7, 5, 500-508, https://doi.org/10.1039/b411645c
. [all data]
Notes
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- Symbols used in this document:
ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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