NH4+

• Formula: H₄N⁺
• Molecular weight: 18.0379
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/H3N/h1H3/p+1 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 14798-03-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data (reactions 1 to 50)
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data: reactions 51 to 93
  • Ion clustering data
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Reaction thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Reactions 1 to 50

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 3H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 4H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 3H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₂O) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

( • 4) +  = ( • 5)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 4H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 5H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 2) +  = ( • 3)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 3 • ) +  = ( • 4 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 3CHN • H₃N) + CHN = (H₄N⁺ • 4CHN • H₃N)

Free energy of reaction

( • 3) +  = ( • 4)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 4H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₂N₂ = (H₄N⁺ • C₂N₂)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₆H₁₂ = (H₄N⁺ • C₆H₁₂)

Free energy of reaction

( •  • 2) +  = ( • 2 • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • 2CHN) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N • 2CHN)

Free energy of reaction

( •  • 2) +  = ( • 2 • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • CHN • 2H₃N) + CHN = (H₄N⁺ • 2CHN • 2H₃N)

Free energy of reaction

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • CHN) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • CHN)

Free energy of reaction

( • 4) +  = ( • 5)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 4C₃H₆O) + C₃H₆O = (H₄N⁺ • 5C₃H₆O)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₄H₈ = (H₄N⁺ • C₄H₈)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₆H₄F₂ = (H₄N⁺ • C₆H₄F₂)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₂H₄ = (H₄N⁺ • C₂H₄)

Free energy of reaction

( • 4) +  = ( • 5)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 4H₂O) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 5H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 5) +  = ( • 6)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 5H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 6H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 5) +  = ( • 6)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 5H₂O) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 6H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

( • 6) +  = ( • 7)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 6H₂O) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 7H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Free energy of reaction

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + CHN = (H₄N⁺ • CHN)

( • 2) +  = ( •  • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N) + CHN = (H₄N⁺ • CHN • 2H₃N)

( •  • 2) +  = ( • 2 • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • 2H₂O) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( •  • 2) +  = ( • 2 • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₂O • 2H₃N) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • 2H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 2 • ) +  = ( • 3 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N • H₂O) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 3H₃N • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 2 • ) +  = ( • 3 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • H₃N) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O • H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • H₂O) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₂O • H₃N) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 2) +  = ( •  • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • H₂O • 2H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 2) +  = ( •  • 2)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • 2H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 3) +  = ( •  • 3)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 3H₃N) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • H₂O • 3H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 3) +  = ( •  • 3)

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • 3H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 2 • ) +  = ( • 3 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • O₂S) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 3H₂O • O₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₃N) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • H₂O • H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₂O • O₂S) + H₂O = (H₄N⁺ • 2H₂O • O₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • H₂O) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • H₂O)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • ) +  = ( •  • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • C₄H₁₀O₂) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • H₃N • C₄H₁₀O₂)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₄H₁₀O₂ = (H₄N⁺ • C₄H₁₀O₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + CH₄ = (H₄N⁺ • CH₄)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + H₂S = (H₄N⁺ • H₂S)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 2 • ) +  = ( • 3 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2CHN • H₃N) + CHN = (H₄N⁺ • 3CHN • H₃N)

( •  • ) +  = ( • 2 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • CHN • H₃N) + CHN = (H₄N⁺ • 2CHN • H₃N)

( • 2 • ) +  = ( • 3 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 2H₃N • C₂H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 3H₃N • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 3 • ) +  = ( • 4 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 3H₃N • C₂H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 4H₃N • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 4 • ) +  = ( • 5 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 4H₃N • C₂H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 5H₃N • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 5 • ) +  = ( • 6 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 5H₃N • C₂H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 6H₃N • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

( • 6 • ) +  = ( • 7 • )

By formula: (H₄N⁺ • 6H₃N • C₂H₃N) + H₃N = (H₄N⁺ • 7H₃N • C₂H₃N)

Bond type: Hydrogen bond (positive ion to hydride)

Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Marilyn E. Jacox

State:   X

Additional references: Jacox, 1994, page 229; Jacox, 1998, page 266; Crofton and Oka, 1987; Signorell, Palm, et al., 1997

Notes

References

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Fehsenfeld and Ferguson, 1973
Fehsenfeld, F.C.; Ferguson, E.E., Thermal Energy Positive Ion Reactions in a Wet Atmosphere Containing Ammonia, J. Chem. Phys., 1973, 59, 12, 6272, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1680006 . [all data]

Puckett and Teague, 1971
Puckett, L.J.; Teague, M.W., Ion-Molecule Reactions in NO - NH3 Gas Mixtures, J. Chem. Phys., 1971, 54, 11, 4860, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1674763 . [all data]

Tang and Castleman, 1975
Tang, I.N.; Castleman, A.W., Gas - Phase Solvation of the Ammonium Ion in Ammonia, J. Chem. Phys., 1975, 62, 11, 4576, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.430331 . [all data]

Arshadi and Futrell, 1974
Arshadi, M.R.; Futrell, J.H., Studies in High - Pressure Mass Spectrometry. V. Thermodynamics of Solvation Reactions. NH4+ - NH3, J. Phys. Chem., 1974, 78, 15, 1482, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100608a008 . [all data]

Long and Franklin, 1973
Long, J.W.; Franklin, J.L., Ion-Cluster Reactions in a Drift Tube Ion Source, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys, 1973, 12, 5, 403, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(73)80025-7 . [all data]

Searles and Kebarle, 1968
Searles, S.K.; Kebarle, P., Ion-Solvent-Molecule Interactions in the Gas Phase. Enthalpies and Entropies for the Reactions NH4+(NH3)(n-1) + NH3 = NH4+(NH3)n, J. Phys. Chem., 1968, 72, 2, 742, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100848a061 . [all data]

Payzant, Cunningham, et al., 1973
Payzant, J.D.; Cunningham, A.J.; Kebarle, P., Gas - Phase Solvation of Ammonium Ion by NH3 and H2O and Stabilities of Mixed Clusters NH4+(NH3)n(H2O)w, Can. J. Chem., 1973, 51, 19, 3242, https://doi.org/10.1139/v73-485 . [all data]

Wincel, 1972
Wincel, H., Ion-Molecule Reactions in Ammonia at High Pressures, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1972, 9, 3, 267, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7381(72)80053-6 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Speller, 1986
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Speller, C.V., The Filling of Solvent Shells in Cluster Ions: Thermochemical Criteria nd the Effects of Isomeric Clusters, J. Phys. Chem., 1986, 90, 25, 6616, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100283a006 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1984
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 2. Hydration of Onium Ions by 1 - 7 H2O Molecules. Relations Between Monomolecular, Specific and Bulk Hydration, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 5, 1265, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00317a016 . [all data]

Banic and Iribarne, 1985
Banic, C.M.; Iribarne, J.V., Equilibrium Constants for Clustering of Neutral Molecules about Gaseous Ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1985, 83, 12, 6432, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.449543 . [all data]

Wei, Tzeng, et al., 1990
Wei, S.; Tzeng, W.B.; Castleman, A.W., Kinetic Energy Release Measurements of Ammonia Cluster Ions During Metastable Decomposition and Determination of Cluster Ion Binding Energies, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 92, 1, 332, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458434 . [all data]

Kamke, Herrmann, et al., 1988
Kamke, W.; Herrmann, R.; Wang, Z.; Hertel, I.V., On the Photoionization and Fragmentation of Ammonia Clusters using TPEPICO, Z. Phys. D., 1988, 10, 4, 491, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01425768 . [all data]

Hogg, Haynes, et al., 1966
Hogg, A.M.; Haynes, R.M.; Kebarle, P., Ion-Solvent Molecule Interactions Studied in the Gas Phase. Heats and Entropies of Individual Steps. NH4+.(n-1)NH3 = NH4+.nNH3, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1966, 88, 1, 28, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00953a006 . [all data]

Deakyne, Knuth, et al., 1994
Deakyne, C.A.; Knuth, D.M.; Speller, C.V.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Filling of Solvent Shells about Ions. Part 3. Isomeric Clusters of (HCN)n(NH3)mH+, J. Mol. Structure (Theochem), 1994, 307, 217, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-1280(94)80130-4 . [all data]

Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Speller, C.V.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 3. Bonds Involving Cyanides. Correlations with Proton Affinites, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 81, 24, 5217, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a020 . [all data]

Deakyne and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Deakyne, C.A.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., Unconventional Ionic Hydrogen Bonds. 2. NH+ pi. Complexes of Onium Ions with Olefins and Benzene Derivatives, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 2, 474, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00288a034 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner), Sieck, et al., 1996
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W.; Liebman, J.F.; Scheiner, S., Complexing of the Ammonium Ion by Polyethers. Comparative Complexing Thermochemistry of Ammonium, Hydronium, and Alkali Cations, J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 16, 6445, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9514943 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1991
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Proton affinity ladders from variable-temperature equilibrium measurements. 1. A reevaluation of the upper proton affinity range, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 12, 4448, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00012a012 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1990
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., Ion Thermochemistry at High Temperatures. 1. Thermochemistry of the Ammonium Ion from Variable - Temperature Equilibrium Measurements. Proton Transfer, Association, and Decomposition Reactions in Ammonia, Isobutene, and t-Butylamine, J. Phys. Chem., 1990, 94, 19, 7730, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100382a076 . [all data]

Bennet and Field, 1972
Bennet, S.L.; Field, F.H., Reversible Reactions of Gaseous Ions. VI. The NH3 - CH4, H2S - CH4 and CF4 - CH4 Systems at Low Temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 18, 6305, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00773a009 . [all data]

Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sieck, 1985
Meot-Ner (Mautner), M.; Sieck, L.W., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 4. SH+ O and NH+ S Bonds. Correlations with Proton Affinity. Mutual Effects of Weak and Strong Ligands in Mixed Clusters, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 24, 5222, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a021 . [all data]

Tzeng, Wei, et al., 1991
Tzeng, W.B.; Wei, S.; Castleman, A.W., Stability, Structure and Binding - Energies of Solvated Cluster Ions - Ammonia Acetonitrile and Ammonia Acetaldehyde Systems, J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95, 15, 5757, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100168a011 . [all data]

Crofton and Oka, 1983
Crofton, M.; Oka, T., Infrared studies of molecular ions. I. The ν3 band of NH4+, J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 79, 6, 3157, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.446147 . [all data]

Schaeffer, Begemann, et al., 1983
Schaeffer, E.; Begemann, M.H.; Gudeman, C.S.; Saykally, R.J., The ν3 vibrational spectrum of the free ammonium ion (NH4+), J. Chem. Phys., 1983, 79, 6, 3159, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.446148 . [all data]

Schafer, Saykally, et al., 1984
Schafer, E.; Saykally, R.J.; Robiette, A.G., A high resolution study of the ν3 band of the ammonium ion (NH+4) by velocity modulation laser absorption spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys., 1984, 80, 9, 3969, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.447279 . [all data]

Keim, Polak, et al., 1990
Keim, E.R.; Polak, M.L.; Owrutsky, J.C.; Coe, J.V.; Saykally, R.J., Absolute infrared vibrational band intensities of molecular ions determined by direct laser absorption spectroscopy in fast ion beams, J. Chem. Phys., 1990, 93, 5, 3111, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.458845 . [all data]

Dopfer, Nizkorodov, et al., 1996
Dopfer, O.; Nizkorodov, S.A.; Meuwly, M.; Bieske, E.J.; Maier, J.P., The ν3 infrared spectrum of the He«58872»NH4+ complex, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1996, 260, 5-6, 545, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(96)00919-0 . [all data]

Lakin, Olkhov, et al., 2001
Lakin, N.M.; Olkhov, R.V.; Dopfer, O., Internal rotation in NH4+--Rg dimers (Rg=He, Ne, Ar): Potential energy surfaces and IR spectra of the ν3 band, Faraday Discuss., 2001, 118, 455, https://doi.org/10.1039/b010232f . [all data]

Bieske, Nizkorodov, et al., 1996
Bieske, E.J.; Nizkorodov, S.A.; Dopfer, O.; Maier, J.P.; Stickland, R.J.; Cotterell, B.J.; Howard, B.J., Observation of the infrared spectrum of the ν3 band of the argon-ammonium ionic complex, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1996, 250, 3-4, 266, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(96)00029-2 . [all data]

Dopfer, Nizkorodov, et al., 1997
Dopfer, O.; Nizkorodov, S.A.; Meuwly, M.; Bieske, E.J.; Maier, J.P., Microsolvation of the ammonium ion in argon: infrared spectra of NH4+«58872»Arn complexes (n = 1--7), Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1997, 167/168, 637, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1176(97)00111-0 . [all data]

Lakin, Dopfer, et al., 2000
Lakin, N.M.; Dopfer, O.; Meuwly, M.; Howard, B.J.; Maier, J.P., The intermolecular potential of NH, Mol. Phys., 2000, 98, 2, 63, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268970009483270 . [all data]

Lakin, Dopfer, et al., 2000, 2
Lakin, N.M.; Dopfer, O.; Howard, B.J.; Maier, J.P., The inter molecular potential of NH, Mol. Phys., 2000, 98, 2, 81, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268970009483271 . [all data]

Jacox and Thompson, 2005
Jacox, M.E.; Thompson, W.E., Infrared spectrum of the NH4-dn+ cation trapped in solid neon, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2005, 7, 5, 768, https://doi.org/10.1039/b414641g . [all data]

Polak, Gruebele, et al., 1989
Polak, M.; Gruebele, M.; DeKock, B.W.; Saykally, R.J., Velocity modulation infrared laser spectroscopy of molecular ions, Mol. Phys., 1989, 66, 6, 1193, https://doi.org/10.1080/00268978900100801 . [all data]

Park, Xia, et al., 1996
Park, J.; Xia, C.; Selby, S.; Foster, S.C., The ν4Band of Ammonium, NH+4, J. Mol. Spectrosc., 1996, 179, 1, 150, https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsp.1996.0193 . [all data]

Jacox, 1994
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1994, 464. [all data]

Jacox, 1998
Jacox, M.E., Vibrational and electronic energy levels of polyatomic transient molecules: supplement A, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 2, 115-393, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556017 . [all data]

Crofton and Oka, 1987
Crofton, M.W.; Oka, T., Observation of forbidden transitions of ammonium ion (NH+4) ν3 band and determination of ground state rotational constants. Observation of ν3 band allowed transitions of ND+4, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 86, 11, 5983, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.452484 . [all data]

Signorell, Palm, et al., 1997
Signorell, R.; Palm, H.; Merkt, F., Structure of the ammonium radical from a rotationally resolved photoelectron spectrum, J. Chem. Phys., 1997, 106, 16, 6523, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.473653 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  T	Temperature
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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