Hydroquinone

• Formula: C₆H₆O₂
• Molecular weight: 110.1106
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C6H6O2/c7-5-1-2-6(8)4-3-5/h1-4,7-8H Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 123-31-9
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: 1,4-Benzenediol; p-Benzenediol; p-Dihydroxybenzene; p-Dioxybenzene; p-Hydroquinone; p-Hydroxyphenol; Arctuvin; Benzohydroquinone; Benzoquinol; Diak 5; Eldopaque; Eldoquin; Hidroquinone; Hydroquinol; HE 5; Phiaquin; Quinol; Tecquinol; Tenox HQ; 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene; 4-Hydroxyphenol; p-Dioxobenzene; Hydrochinone; Benzene, p-dihydroxy-; Black and White Bleaching Cream; Derma-Blanch; Hydrochinon; Hydroquinole; Idrochinone; NCI-C55834; Tequinol; USAF EK-356; 1,4-Dihydroxy-benzeen; 1,4-Dihydroxy-benzol; 1,4-Dihydroxybenzen; 1,4-Diidrobenzene; UN 2662; Dihydroquinone; Aida; Eldopacque; Eldopaque forte; Eldoquin forte; Solaquin forte; p-Dihydroquinone; Black & White Bleaching Cream; 1,4-Benzenediol (hydroquinone); Artra (Salt/Mix)
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 5.0
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

View reactions leading to C₆H₆O₂⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₆H₅O₂^- +  =

By formula: C₆H₅O₂^- + H⁺ = C₆H₆O₂

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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References

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Sabbah and Buluku, 1991
Sabbah, R.; Buluku, E.N.L.E., Thermodynamic study of three isomers of dihydroxybenzene, Can. J. Chem., 1991, 69, 481-488. [all data]

Pilcher and Sutton, 1956
Pilcher, G.; Sutton, L.E., The heats of combustion of quinol and p-benzoquinone and the thermodynamic quantities of the oxidation-reduction reaction, J. Chem. Soc., 1956, 2695-2700. [all data]

Parks, Manchester, et al., 1954
Parks, G.S.; Manchester, K.E.; Vaughan, L.M., Heats of combustion and formation of some alcohols, phenols, and ketones, J. Chem. Phys., 1954, 22, 2089-2090. [all data]

Pushin, 1954
Pushin, N.A., Heats of combustion and heats of formation of isomeric organic compounds, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belgrade, 1954, 19, 531-547. [all data]

Schreiner, 1925
Schreiner, E., Thermodynamics of the quinhydrone electrode and the chemical constant of hydrogen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1925, 117, 57-87. [all data]

Kudchadker S.A., 1979
Kudchadker S.A., Ideal gas thermodynamic properties of benzene diols: pyrocatechol, resorcinol, and hydroquinone, Thermochim. Acta, 1979, 30, 319-326. [all data]

Oikawa, Abe, et al., 1985
Oikawa, A.; Abe, H.; Mikami, N.; Ito, M., Electronic spectra and ionization potentials of rotational isomers of severaldDisubstituted benzenes, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1985, 116, 50. [all data]

Potapov, Kardash, et al., 1972
Potapov, V.K.; Kardash, I.E.; Sorokin, V.V.; Sokolov, S.A.; Evlasheva, T.I., Photoionization of heteroaromatic compounds, Khim. Vys. Energ., 1972, 6, 392. [all data]

Potapov and Sorokin, 1971
Potapov, V.K.; Sorokin, V.V., Photoionization and ion-molecule reactions in quinones and alcohols, High Energy Chem., 1971, 5, 435, In original 487. [all data]

Palmer, Moyes, et al., 1979
Palmer, M.H.; Moyes, W.; Speirs, M.; Ridyard, J.N.A., The electronic structure of substituted benzenes; ab initio calculations and photoelectron spectra for phenol, the methyl- and fluoro-derivatives, and the dihydroxybenzenes, J. Mol. Struct., 1979, 52, 293. [all data]

Fujio, McIver, et al., 1981
Fujio, M.; McIver, R.T., Jr.; Taft, R.W., Effects on the acidities of phenols from specific substituent-solvent interactions. Inherent substituent parameters from gas phase acidities, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1981, 103, 4017. [all data]

Radecki and Grzybowski, 1978
Radecki, A.; Grzybowski, J., Linear relationship between retention indices and chemical structure of phenols, J. Chromatogr., 1978, 152, 1, 211-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)85352-2 . [all data]

Grzybowski, Lamparczyk, et al., 1980
Grzybowski, J.; Lamparczyk, H.; Nasal, A.; Radecki, A., Relationship between the retention indices of phenols on polar and non-polar stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 1980, 196, 2, 217-223, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)80441-0 . [all data]

Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1993
Shiratsuchi, H.; Shimoda, M.; Minegishi, Y.; Osajima, Y., Isolation and identification of volatile flavor compounds in nonfermented coarse-cut sausage. Flavor as a quality factor of nonfermented sausage. 1, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1993, 41, 4, 647-652, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00028a027 . [all data]

Xian, Chen, et al., 2006
Xian, Q.-M.; Chen, H.-D.; Zou, H.-H., Allelopathic activity of volatile substance from submerged macrophytes on Microcystin aeruginosa, Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006, 26, 11, 3549-3554, https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-2032(06)60054-1 . [all data]

Peterson, 1992
Peterson, K.L., Counter-Propagation Neural Networks in the Modeling and Prediction of Kovats Indices for Substituted Phenols, Anal. Chem., 1992, 64, 4, 379-386, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00028a011 . [all data]

Wang, Hou, et al., 2007
Wang, G.; Hou, Z.; Sun, Y.; Liu, Y.; Xie, B.; Liu, S., Investigation of pyrolysis behavior of fenoxycarb using PY-GC-MS assisted with chemometric methods, Chem. Anal., 2007, 52, 141-156. [all data]

Williams and Horne, 1995
Williams, P.T.; Horne, P.A., Analysis of aromatic hydrocarbons in pyrolytic oil derived from biomass, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 1995, 31, 15-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-2370(94)00814-H . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Cp,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

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