Morpholine

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil401.6 ± 0.8KAVGN/AAverage of 6 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus268.35KN/AVedal, Ellestad, et al., 1976Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Tfus270.1KN/AAnonymous, 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC
Tfus268.KN/ADreisbach, 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Tfus268.3KN/ADermer and Dermer, 1937Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap45.3 ± 0.5kJ/molDSCRojas-Aguilar, Ginez-Carbajal, et al., 2005AC
Δvap45.0 ± 0.4kJ/molGSVerevkin, 1998Based on data from 274. to 303. K.; AC

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kJ/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
44.3328.TGAAl-Najjar and Al-Sammerrai, 2007Based on data from 313. to 343. K.; AC
45.6 ± 0.4288.GSVerevkin, 1998Based on data from 274. to 303. K.; AC
40.8361.N/AWu, Locke, et al., 1991Based on data from 346. to 401. K.; AC
45.3288.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 273. to 318. K. See also Cabani, Conti, et al., 1975.; AC
42.3332.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 317. to 443. K.; AC
42.3333.EBPalczewska-Tulinska, Cholinski, et al., 1983Based on data from 318. to 401. K.; AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)924.3kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity891.2kJ/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.88 ± 0.05PEDomelsmith and Houk, 1977Vertical value; LLK
8.91 ± 0.03PEColonna, Distefano, et al., 1975Vertical value; LLK

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Vedal, Ellestad, et al., 1976
Vedal, D.; Ellestad, O.H.; Klaeboe, P.; Hagen, G., The vibrational spectra of piperidine and morpholine and their N-deuterated analogs, spectrochim. Acta, Part A, 1976, 32, 877. [all data]

Anonymous, 1955
Anonymous, R., , Am. Pet. Inst. Res. Proj. 45, Tech. Rep. 14, No. 1, Ohio State Univ., 1955. [all data]

Dreisbach, 1955
Dreisbach, R.R., Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds, Advances in Chemistry Series No. 15, Am. Chem. Soc.: Washington, D. C., 1955. [all data]

Dermer and Dermer, 1937
Dermer, V.H.; Dermer, O.C., Physical constants of morpholine., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 1148. [all data]

Rojas-Aguilar, Ginez-Carbajal, et al., 2005
Rojas-Aguilar, A.; Ginez-Carbajal, F.; Orozco-Guareno, E.; Flores-Segura, H., Measurement of enthalpies of vaporization of volatile heterocyclic compounds by DSC, J Therm Anal Calorim, 2005, 79, 1, 95-100, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-004-0568-3 . [all data]

Verevkin, 1998
Verevkin, Sergey P., Thermochemistry of amines: strain in six-membered rings from experimental standard molar enthalpies of formation of morpholines and piperazines, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1998, 30, 9, 1069-1079, https://doi.org/10.1006/jcht.1998.0371 . [all data]

Al-Najjar and Al-Sammerrai, 2007
Al-Najjar, Hazim; Al-Sammerrai, Dhoaib, Thermogravimetric determination of the heat of vaporization of some highly polar solvents, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 2007, 37, 3, 145-152, https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280370302 . [all data]

Wu, Locke, et al., 1991
Wu, Huey S.; Locke, William E.; Sandler, Stanley I., Isothermal vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary mixtures containing morpholine, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1991, 36, 1, 127-130, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00001a037 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Cabani, Conti, et al., 1975
Cabani, Sergio; Conti, G.; Giannessi, D.; Lepori, L., Thermodynamic study of aqueous dilute solutions of organic compounds. Part 3.---Morpholines and piperazines, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 1, 1975, 71, 0, 1154, https://doi.org/10.1039/f19757101154 . [all data]

Palczewska-Tulinska, Cholinski, et al., 1983
Palczewska-Tulinska, Marcela; Cholinski, Jacek; Szafranski, Andrzej; Wyrzykowska-Stankiewicz, Danuta, Maximum-likelihood evaluation of antoine equation constants for vapor pressures of morpholine, n-heptane, cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1983, 11, 3, 233-243, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(83)85026-2 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Domelsmith and Houk, 1977
Domelsmith, L.N.; Houk, K.N., Photoelectron spectra of cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone enamines, Tetrahedron Lett., 1977, 23, 1981. [all data]

Colonna, Distefano, et al., 1975
Colonna, F.P.; Distefano, G.; Pignataro, S.; Pitacco, G.; Valentin, E., Ionization energies of some amines and enamines and an estimation of their relative basicity in gaseous phase, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1975, 71, 1572. [all data]


Notes

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