Pentanenitrile
- Formula: C5H9N
- Molecular weight: 83.1317
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 110-59-8
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Valeronitrile; Butane, 1-cyano-; Butyl cyanide; 1-Cyanobutane; CH3(CH2)3CN; Pentanonitrile; n-Valeronitrile; 1-Butyl cyanide; n-Pentanenitrile
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | 2.65 | kcal/mol | Ccb | Konicek, Prochzka, et al., 1969 |
Phase change data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 414. ± 1. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 18 out of 21 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 176.92 | K | N/A | Witschonke, 1954 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Tfus | 176.95 | K | N/A | Witschonke, 1954 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.15 K; TRC |
Tfus | 176.37 | K | N/A | Dreisbach and Martin, 1949 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Tfus | 177. | K | N/A | Timmermans, 1935 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Tfus | 177. | K | N/A | Joukovsky, 1934 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 610.3 | K | N/A | Castillo-Lopez and Trejo Rodriguez, 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; Visual, TE with digital voltmeter cal. by meas. on alkanes.; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 35.33 | atm | N/A | Castillo-Lopez and Trejo Rodriguez, 1987 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.099 atm; Visual; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 10.5 ± 0.1 | kcal/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
8.626 | 414.4 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
10.1 | 328. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 313. to 418. K.; AC |
10.6 | 342. to 414. | EB | Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949 | See also Dreisbach and Martin, 1949, 2 and Emel'yanenko, Verevkin, et al., 2005.; AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
342.22 to 414.40 | 4.18643 | 1495.126 | -57.288 | Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Gas phase ion energetics data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess
View reactions leading to C5H9N+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proton affinity (review) | 191.8 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 184.4 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Electron affinity determinations
EA (eV) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|
0.012620 ± 0.000087 | Hammer, Diri, et al., 2003 | B |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C2H3N+ | 12.26 | ? | EI | Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
C3H4N+ | 12.12 | ? | EI | Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
C3H5+ | 13.73 | ? | EI | Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
C3H5N+ | 12.49 | ? | EI | Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
C3H7+ | 12.50 | ? | EI | Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
C4H7+ | 14.43 | HCN+H | EI | Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
C5H8N+ | 12.47 | H | EI | Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969 | RDSH |
IR Spectrum
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
Condensed Phase Spectrum
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Notice: Except where noted, spectra from this collection were measured on dispersive instruments, often in carefully selected solvents, and hence may differ in detail from measurements on FTIR instruments or in other chemical environments. More information on the manner in which spectra in this collection were collected can be found here.
Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.
Additional Data
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Owner | COBLENTZ SOCIETY Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | WYANDOTTE CHEMICALS CORP., WYANDOTTE, MICHIGAN, USA |
Source reference | COBLENTZ NO. 1379 |
Date | Not specified, most likely prior to 1970 |
Name(s) | pentanenitrile |
State | LIQUID |
Instrument | Not specified, most likely a prism, grating, or hybrid spectrometer. |
Path length | 0.005 CM |
Resolution | 4 |
Sampling procedure | TRANSMISSION |
Data processing | DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY |
Boiling point | 139-141 C |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-IW-2225 |
NIST MS number | 227665 |
Gas Chromatography
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | HP-1 | 100. | 742.19 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 110. | 743.33 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 120. | 744.50 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 130. | 745.75 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 140. | 747.03 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 150. | 748.48 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 160. | 749.97 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 170. | 751.52 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 180. | 753.12 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 190. | 754.80 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 20. | 737.27 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 30. | 737.44 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 40. | 737.79 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 50. | 738.24 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 738.84 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 70. | 739.50 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 80. | 740.32 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | HP-1 | 90. | 741.21 | Görgényi and Héberger, 2003 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Phase thickness: 3. μm |
Capillary | ZB-5 | 120. | 778.42 | Lebrón-Aguilar, Eduardo Quintanilla-López, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
Packed | C78, Branched paraffin | 130. | 692.9 | Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000 | He; Column length: 3.3 m |
Packed | C78, Branched paraffin | 130. | 693.6 | Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992 | Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 3.3 m |
Packed | SE-30 | 100. | 745. | Winskowski, 1983 | Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | SE-30 | 70. | 755. | Heintz, Druilhe, et al., 1977 | N2, Chromosorb W AW (0.20-0.25 mm); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | Squalane | 100. | 736. | Evans and Newton, 1976 | N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Squalane | 100. | 738. | Evans and Newton, 1976 | N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Squalane | 100. | 738. | Evans and Newton, 1976 | N2, Chromosorb G; Column length: 2. m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 150. | 736. | Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968 | N2, DCMS-treated Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.3 m |
Packed | Apiezon L | 130. | 721. | Wehrli and Kováts, 1959 | Celite; Column length: 2.25 m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 772.9 | Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Capillary | DB-5 | 777. | Dallüge, van Stee, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 105. | 743. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 75. | 741. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 90. | 742. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 100. | 743. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 | |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 120. | 744. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 | |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 140. | 747. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 | |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 80. | 741. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 782. | Macku and Shibamoto, 1991 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 160. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 721. | N/A | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Konicek, Prochzka, et al., 1969
Konicek, J.; Prochzka, M.; Krestanov, V.; Smisek, M.,
Thermochemie der nitrile I. Über die bildungswärmen aliphatischer nitrile,
Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1969, 34, 2249-2257. [all data]
Witschonke, 1954
Witschonke, C.R.,
Freezing point and purity data for some organic compounds,
Anal. Chem., 1954, 26, 562-4. [all data]
Dreisbach and Martin, 1949
Dreisbach, R.R.; Martin, R.A.,
Physical Data on Some Organic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 2875-8. [all data]
Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J.,
Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds.,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]
Joukovsky, 1934
Joukovsky, N.I.,
Experimental Study of the Theory of Concentrated Solutions. XI. Thermodynamic Properties of Concentrated Solutions of Aliphatic Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen.,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1934, 43, 397. [all data]
Castillo-Lopez and Trejo Rodriguez, 1987
Castillo-Lopez, N.; Trejo Rodriguez, A.,
The critical temperatures and pressures of several n-alkanenitriles,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 671. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Dreisbach and Shrader, 1949
Dreisbach, R.R.; Shrader, S.A.,
Vapor Pressure--Temperature Data on Some Organic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 12, 2879-2880, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a054
. [all data]
Dreisbach and Martin, 1949, 2
Dreisbach, R.R.; Martin, R.A.,
Physical Data on Some Organic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 12, 2875-2878, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50480a053
. [all data]
Emel'yanenko, Verevkin, et al., 2005
Emel'yanenko, Vladimir N.; Verevkin, Sergey P.; Koutek, Bohumir; Doubsky, Jan,
Vapour pressures and enthalpies of vapourization of a series of the linear aliphatic nitriles,
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2005, 37, 1, 73-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jct.2004.08.004
. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Hammer, Diri, et al., 2003
Hammer, N.I.; Diri, K.; Jordan, K.D.; Desfrancois, C.; Compton, R.N.,
Dipole-bound anions of carbonyl, nitrile, and sulfoxide containing molecules,
J. Chem. Phys., 2003, 119, 7, 3650-3660, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1590959
. [all data]
Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969
Heerma, W.; deRidder, J.J.; Dijkstra, G.,
The electron-impact-induced fragmentation of n-alkyl cyanides,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1969, 2, 1103. [all data]
Görgényi and Héberger, 2003
Görgényi, M.; Héberger, K.,
Minimum in the temperature dependence of the Kováts retention indices of nitroalkanes and alkanenitriles on an apolar phase,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 985, 1-2, 11-19, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01842-3
. [all data]
Lebrón-Aguilar, Eduardo Quintanilla-López, et al., 2002
Lebrón-Aguilar, R.; Eduardo Quintanilla-López, J.; Antonio García-Domínguez, J.,
Improving the accuracy of Kováts' retention indices in isothermal gas chromatography,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 945, 1-2, 185-194, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)01463-7
. [all data]
Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000
Dallos, A.; Sisak, A.; Kulcsár, Z.; Kováts, E.,
Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography VII. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with secondary alcohol groups,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 904, 2, 211-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00908-0
. [all data]
Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992
Reddy, K.S.; Dutoit, J.-Cl.; Kovats, E. sz.,
Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography. I. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with non-associated primary alcohol groups,
J. Chromatogr., 1992, 609, 1-2, 229-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80167-S
. [all data]
Winskowski, 1983
Winskowski, J.,
Gaschromatographische Identifizierung von Stoffen anhand von Indexziffem und unterschiedlichen Detektoren,
Chromatographia, 1983, 17, 3, 160-165, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02271041
. [all data]
Heintz, Druilhe, et al., 1977
Heintz, M.; Druilhe, A.; De Peretti, D.; Seyden, J.; Lefort, D.,
Relations entre structure chimique et grandeurs de retention. VII. Composés de structure cyclopropanique,
Chromatographia, 1977, 10, 10, 588-592, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02265036
. [all data]
Evans and Newton, 1976
Evans, M.B.; Newton, R.,
Inverse gas chromatography in the study of polymer degradation. Part I. Oxidation of squalene as a model for the oxidative degradation of natural rubber,
Chromatographia, 1976, 9, 11, 561-566, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275963
. [all data]
Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968
Brown, I.; Chapman, I.L.; Nicholson, G.J.,
Gas chromatography of polar solutes in electron acceptor stationary phases,
Aust. J. Chem., 1968, 21, 5, 1125-1141, https://doi.org/10.1071/CH9681125
. [all data]
Wehrli and Kováts, 1959
Wehrli, A.; Kováts, E.,
Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung ogranischer Verbindungen. Teil 3: Berechnung der Retentionsindices aliphatischer, alicyclischer und aromatischer Verbindungen,
Helv. Chim. Acta, 1959, 7, 7, 2709-2736, https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19590420745
. [all data]
Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003
Xu, X.; van Stee, L.L.P.; Williams, J.; Beens, J.; Adahchour, M.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.; Lelieveld, J.,
Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) measurements of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere,
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2003, 3, 3, 665-682, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-665-2003
. [all data]
Dallüge, van Stee, et al., 2002
Dallüge, J.; van Stee, L.L.P.; Xu, X.; Williams, J.; Beens, J.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th.,
Unravelling the composition of very complex samples by comprehensive gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Cigarette smoke,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 974, 1-2, 169-184, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01384-5
. [all data]
Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009
Tello, A.M.; Lebron-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-Lopez, J.E.; Santiuste, J.M.,
Isothermal retention indices on poly93-cyanopropylmethyl)siloxane stationary phases,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2009, 1216, 10, 1630-1639, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.025
. [all data]
Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007
Lebrón-Aguilar, R.; Quintanilla-López, J.E.; Tello, A.M.; Santiuste, J.M.,
Isothermal retention indices on poly (3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethylsiloxane) stationary phases,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2007, 1160, 1-2, 276-288, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.025
. [all data]
Macku and Shibamoto, 1991
Macku, C.; Shibamoto, T.,
Headspace volatile compounds formed from heated corn oil and corn oil with glycine,
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 7, 1265-1269, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00007a014
. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy EA Electron affinity Pc Critical pressure Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
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