Fumaric Acid

• Formula: C₄H₄O₄
• Molecular weight: 116.0722
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H4O4/c5-3(6)1-2-4(7)8/h1-2H,(H,5,6)(H,7,8)/b2-1+ Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 110-17-8
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Species with the same structure:
  • (2E)-2-butenedioic acid
• Stereoisomers:
  • Maleic acid
• Other names: 2-Butenedioic acid (E)-; trans-Butenedioic Acid; trans-1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic Acid; Allomaleic acid; Boletic acid; Lichenic acid; Tumaric acid; (E)-2-Butenedioic acid; (E)-HO2CCH=CHCO2H; Butenedioic acid, (E)-; Kyselina fumarova; NSC-2752; U-1149; USAF EK-P-583; 1,2-Ethenedicarboxylic acid, trans-; 1,2-Ethylenedicarboxylic acid, (E); 2-Butenedioic acid (2E)-
• Information on this page:
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Enthalpy of sublimation

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  =

By formula: C₄H₄O₄ + H₂ = C₄H₆O₄

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

Ionization energy determinations

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Wilhoit and Shiao, 1964
Wilhoit, R.C.; Shiao, D., Thermochemistry of Biologically Important Compounds. Heats of Combustion of Solid Organic Acids, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1964, 9, 595. [all data]

Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J., Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]

Kern, Shriner, et al., 1925
Kern, J.W.; Shriner, R.L.; Adams, R., Platinum and Palladium Oxides as Catalysts in the Reduction of Organic Compounds IX. The Reduction of Olefins, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 1147. [all data]

Weiss and Downs, 1923
Weiss, J.M.; Downs, C.R., The Physical Properties of Maleic, Fumaric and Malic Acids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1923, 45, 1003. [all data]

De Kruif and Van Ginkel, 1977
De Kruif, C.G.; Van Ginkel, C.H.D., Torsion-weighing effusion vapour-pressure measurements on organic compounds, The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1977, 9, 8, 725-730, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9614(77)90015-5 . [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H.Z., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1938, 39, 194. [all data]

Trieschmann, 1935
Trieschmann, H.G., , Ph.D. Dissertation, Inst. Fur Phys. Chem. and Electrochem. der Universitat Kiel, Germany, 1935. [all data]

Jones, 1960
Jones, A.H., Sublimation Pressure Data for Organic Compounds., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 2, 196-200, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60006a019 . [all data]

Wolf and Weghofer, 1938, 2
Wolf, K.L.; Weghofer, H., Uber sublimationswarmen, Z. Phys. Chem., 1938, 39, 194-208. [all data]

Wolf and Trieschmann, 1934
Wolf, K.L.; Trieschmann, H.G., Z. Phys. Chem. Abt. B, 1934, 27, 376. [all data]

Flitcroft, Skinner, et al., 1957
Flitcroft, T.; Skinner, H.A.; Whiting, M.C., Heats of hydrogenation Part 1.-Dodeca-3:9 and -5:7 Diynes, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1957, 53, 784-790. [all data]

Kobayashi, Yokota, et al., 1975
Kobayashi, T.; Yokota, K.; Nagakura, S., Photoelectron spectra of the cis- trans-isomers of some ethylene derivatives, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1975, 48, 412. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔsubH	Enthalpy of sublimation

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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