Ethyl formate
- Formula: C3H6O2
- Molecular weight: 74.0785
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 109-94-4
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Formic acid, ethyl ester; Areginal; Ethyl methanoate; HCOOC2H5; Ethylformic ester; Aethylformiat; Ethyle (formiate d'); Ethylformiaat; Etile (formiato di); Mrowczan etylu; Ethylester kyseliny mravenci; Formic ether; UN 1190; Ethyl ester of formic acid; NSC 406578
- Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
- Information on this page:
- Other data available:
- Data at other public NIST sites:
- Options:
Data at NIST subscription sites:
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
- NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.
Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -86.45 | kcal/mol | N/A | Frolova and Petrov, 1991 | Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of -394.2±0.8 kj/mol from Frolova and Petrov, 1991 and ΔvapH° value of 32.5 kj/mol from Hine and Klueppet, 1974.; DRB |
ΔfH°gas | -95.2 | kcal/mol | Cm | Hine and Klueppet, 1974 | ALS |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°liquid | -94.2 ± 0.2 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Frolova and Petrov, 1991 | ALS |
ΔfH°liquid | -102.9 | kcal/mol | Cm | Hine and Klueppet, 1974 | ALS |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
34.49 | 298.15 | Fuchs, 1979 | DH |
37.81 | 290. | Kurnakov and Voskresenskaya, 1936 | DH |
35.40 | 294.7 | Kolosovskii and Udovenko, 1934 | DH |
35.40 | 294.7 | de Kolossowsky and Udowenko, 1933 | DH |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 327. ± 1. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 33 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 193.55 | K | N/A | Timmermans, 1952 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC |
Tfus | 193. | K | N/A | Timmermans, 1935 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Tfus | 193.75 | K | N/A | Timmermans, 1934 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC |
Tfus | 192.65 | K | N/A | Timmermans, 1911 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.3 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 508. ± 5. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 46.76 | atm | N/A | Young, 1910 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.99995 atm; TRC |
Pc | 46.751 | atm | N/A | Young and Thomas, 1893 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.39 atm; TRC |
Pc | 49.16 | atm | N/A | Nadezhdin, 1887 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2.0000 atm; TRC |
Pc | 48.66 | atm | N/A | Sajots, 1879 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2.0000 atm; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ρc | 4.363 | mol/l | N/A | Young, 1910 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 mol/l; TRC |
ρc | 4.363 | mol/l | N/A | Young and Thomas, 1893 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 mol/l; TRC |
ρc | 4.25 | mol/l | N/A | Nadezhdin, 1887 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.08 mol/l; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 7.674 | kcal/mol | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
ΔvapH° | 7.69 | kcal/mol | V | Hine and Klueppet, 1974 | ALS |
ΔvapH° | 7.77 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hine and Klueppet, 1974 | DRB |
ΔvapH° | 7.20 ± 0.003 | kcal/mol | V | Mathews, 1926 | ALS |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
7.149 | 327.5 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
7.50 | 313. | N/A | Fárková and Wichterle, 1993 | Based on data from 300. to 326. K.; AC |
7.15 | 342. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 327. to 498. K.; AC |
8.56 | 228. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 213. to 336. K. See also Dykyj, 1970.; AC |
7.55 ± 0.02 | 304. | C | Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976 | AC |
7.39 ± 0.02 | 313. | C | Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976 | AC |
7.12 ± 0.02 | 328. | C | Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976 | AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH =
A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
ΔvapH =
Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure)
(kcal/mol)
Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)
View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.
Temperature (K) | A (kcal/mol) | β | Tc (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
304. to 343. | 12.21 | 0.3191 | 508.4 | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: C3H7O2+ + C3H6O2 = (C3H7O2+ • C3H6O2)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 30.0 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 30.9 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 20.8 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
By formula: C4H9O2+ + C3H6O2 = (C4H9O2+ • C3H6O2)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 30.5 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 29.9 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 21.6 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986; M |
By formula: C6H5S- + C3H6O2 = (C6H5S- • C3H6O2)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 20.0 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 25.6 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989 | gas phase; M |
By formula: I- + C3H6O2 = (I- • C3H6O2)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 16.6 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Caldwell and Kebarle, 1984 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 20.4 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Caldwell and Kebarle, 1984 | gas phase; M |
By formula: C8H14N2O2 + H2O = C3H6O2 + C3H4N2 + C2H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -8.28 ± 0.42 | kcal/mol | Cm | Guthrie and Pike, 1987 | liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS |
By formula: C7H16O3 + H2O = C3H6O2 + 2C2H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -3.17 ± 0.19 | kcal/mol | Cm | Hine and Klueppet, 1974 | liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS |
By formula: C5H12O3 + H2O = C3H6O2 + 2CH4O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -6.29 ± 0.65 | kcal/mol | Cm | Hine and Klueppet, 1974 | liquid phase; ALS |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
View reactions leading to C3H6O2+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 10.61 ± 0.01 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 191.1 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 183.7 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
10.61 ± 0.05 | PIPECO | Zha, Nishimura, et al., 1992 | LL |
10.61 ± 0.05 | PE | Benoit, Harrison, et al., 1977 | LLK |
10.62 | PE | Sweigart and Turner, 1972 | LLK |
10.61 ± 0.01 | PI | Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962 | RDSH |
10.61 | PE | Benoit and Harrison, 1977 | Vertical value; LLK |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
By formula: C3H7O2+ + C3H6O2 = (C3H7O2+ • C3H6O2)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 30.0 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 30.9 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 20.8 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
By formula: C4H9O2+ + C3H6O2 = (C4H9O2+ • C3H6O2)
Bond type: Hydrogen bonds of the type OH-O between organics
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 30.5 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 29.9 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 21.6 | kcal/mol | ICR | Larson and McMahon, 1982 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)2OH+)(CH3)2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973, Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984, Keesee and Castleman, 1986 |
By formula: C6H5S- + C3H6O2 = (C6H5S- • C3H6O2)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 20.0 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989 | gas phase |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 25.6 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989 | gas phase |
By formula: I- + C3H6O2 = (I- • C3H6O2)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 16.6 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Caldwell and Kebarle, 1984 | gas phase |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 20.4 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Caldwell and Kebarle, 1984 | gas phase |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.
Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1990. |
NIST MS number | 118854 |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Frolova and Petrov, 1991
Frolova, E.I.; Petrov, A.A.,
Chemical equilibrium in the system formic acid-ethanol-ethyl formate-water,
J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1991, 64, 2361-2365. [all data]
Hine and Klueppet, 1974
Hine, J.; Klueppet, A.W.,
Structural effects on rates and equilibria. XVIII. Thermodynamic stability of ortho esters,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1974, 96, 2924-2929. [all data]
Fuchs, 1979
Fuchs, R.,
Heat capacities of some liquid aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic esters at 298.15 K,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1979, 11, 959-961. [all data]
Kurnakov and Voskresenskaya, 1936
Kurnakov, N.S.; Voskresenskaya, N.K.,
Calorimetry of liquid binary systems, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR,
Otdel. Mat. i Estestv. Nauk. Ser. Khim, 1936, 1936, 439-461. [all data]
Kolosovskii and Udovenko, 1934
Kolosovskii, N.A.; Udovenko, W.W.,
Specific heat of liquids. II.,
Zhur. Obshchei Khim., 1934, 4, 1027-1033. [all data]
de Kolossowsky and Udowenko, 1933
de Kolossowsky, N.A.; Udowenko, W.W.,
Mesure des chaleurs specifique moleculaires de quelques liquides,
Compt. rend., 1933, 197, 519-520. [all data]
Timmermans, 1952
Timmermans, J.,
Freezing points of organic compounds. VVI New determinations.,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1952, 61, 393. [all data]
Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J.,
Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds.,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]
Timmermans, 1934
Timmermans, J.,
Theory of Concentrated Solutions XII.,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1934, 43, 626. [all data]
Timmermans, 1911
Timmermans, J.,
Researches on the freezing point of organic liquid compounds,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1911, 25, 300. [all data]
Young, 1910
Young, S.,
The Internal Heat of Vaporization constants of thirty pure substances,
Sci. Proc. R. Dublin Soc., 1910, 12, 374. [all data]
Young and Thomas, 1893
Young, S.; Thomas, G.L.,
The vapour pressures, molecular volumes, and critical constants of ten of the lower esters,
J. Chem. Soc., 1893, 63, 1191. [all data]
Nadezhdin, 1887
Nadezhdin, A.,
Rep. Phys., 1887, 23, 708. [all data]
Sajots, 1879
Sajots, W.,
Vapor Pressures of Saturated Vapors at High Temperatures.,
Beibl. Ann. Phys., 1879, 3, 741-3. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Mathews, 1926
Mathews, J.H.,
The accurate measurement of heats of vaporization of liquids,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 562-576. [all data]
Fárková and Wichterle, 1993
Fárková, J.; Wichterle, I.,
Vapour pressures of some ethyl and propyl esters of fatty acids,
Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1993, 90, 1, 143-148, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(93)85009-B
. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Dykyj, 1970
Dykyj, J.,
Petrochemica, 1970, 10, 2, 51. [all data]
Cihlár, Hynek, et al., 1976
Cihlár, J.; Hynek, V.; Svoboda, V.; Holub, R.,
Heats of vaporization of alkyl esters of formic acid,
Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1976, 41, 1, 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1135/cccc19760001
. [all data]
Larson and McMahon, 1982
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B.,
Formation, Thermochemistry, and Relative Stabilities of Proton - Bound dimers of Oxygen n - Donor Bases from Ion Cyclotron Resonance Solvent - Exchange Equilibria Measurements,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104, 23, 6255, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00387a016
. [all data]
Grimsrud and Kebarle, 1973
Grimsrud, E.P.; Kebarle, P.,
Gas Phase Ion Equilibria Studies of the Solvation of the Hydrogen Ion by Methanol, Dimethyl Ether and Water. Effect of Hydrogen Bonding,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1973, 95, 24, 7939, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00805a002
. [all data]
Lias, Liebman, et al., 1984
Lias, S.G.; Liebman, J.F.; Levin, R.D.,
Evaluated gas phase basicities and proton affinities of molecules heats of formation of protonated molecules,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1984, 13, 695. [all data]
Keesee and Castleman, 1986
Keesee, R.G.; Castleman, A.W., Jr.,
Thermochemical data on Ggs-phase ion-molecule association and clustering reactions,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1011. [all data]
Sieck and Meot-ner, 1989
Sieck, L.W.; Meot-ner, M.,
Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 8. RS-..HOR Bond Strengths. Correlation with Acidities.,
J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 93, 4, 1586, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100341a079
. [all data]
Caldwell and Kebarle, 1984
Caldwell, G.; Kebarle, P.,
Binding energies and structural effects in halide anion-ROH and -RCOOH complexes from gas phase equilibria measurements,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 967. [all data]
Guthrie and Pike, 1987
Guthrie, J.P.; Pike, D.C.,
Hydration of acylimidazoles: tetrahedral intermediates in acylimidazole hydrolysis and nucleophilic attack by imidazole on esters. The question of concerted mechanisms for acyl transfers,
Can. J. Chem., 1987, 65, 1951-1969. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Zha, Nishimura, et al., 1992
Zha, Q.; Nishimura, T.; Meisels, G.G.,
Unimolecular dissociation of energy-selected ethyl formate ions,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1992, 120, 85. [all data]
Benoit, Harrison, et al., 1977
Benoit, F.M.; Harrison, A.G.; Lossing, F.P.,
Hydrogen migrations in mass spectrometry III-Energetics of formation of [R'CO2H2]+ in the mass spectra of R'CO2R,
Org. Mass Spectrom., 1977, 12, 78. [all data]
Sweigart and Turner, 1972
Sweigart, D.A.; Turner, D.W.,
Lone pair orbitals and their interactions studied by photoelectron spectroscopy. I. Carboxylic acids and their derivatives,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1972, 94, 5592. [all data]
Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J.,
Ionization potentials of some molecules,
J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]
Benoit and Harrison, 1977
Benoit, F.M.; Harrison, A.G.,
Predictive value of proton affinity. Ionization energy correlations involving oxygenated molecules,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1977, 99, 3980. [all data]
Holmes, Mommers, et al., 1985
Holmes, J.; Mommers, A.; DeKoster, C.; Heerma, W.; Terlouw, J.,
Four isomeric [C,H3,O2] ions,
Chem. Phys. Lett., 1985, 115, 437. [all data]
Brion and Dunning, 1963
Brion, C.E.; Dunning, W.J.,
Electron impact studies of simple carboxylic esters,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1963, 59, 647. [all data]
VanRaalte and Harrison, 1963
VanRaalte, D.; Harrison, A.G.,
Ionization and dissociation of formate esters by electron impact,
Can. J. Chem., 1963, 41, 2054. [all data]
Holmes and Lossing, 1984
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P.,
Heats of formation of organic radicals from appearance energies,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 58, 113. [all data]
Munson and Franklin, 1964
Munson, M.S.B.; Franklin, J.L.,
Energetics of some gaseous oxygenated organic ions,
J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 3191. [all data]
King and Long, 1958
King, A.B.; Long, F.A.,
Mass spectra of some simple esters and their interpretation by quasi-equilibrium theory,
J. Chem. Phys., 1958, 29, 374. [all data]
Godbole and Kebarle, 1962
Godbole, E.W.; Kebarle, P.,
Ionization and dissociation of deuterated ethyl and isopropyl acetates and ethyl formate under electron impact,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1962, 58, 1897. [all data]
Haney and Franklin, 1969
Haney, M.A.; Franklin, J.L.,
Excess energies in mass spectra of some oxygen-containing organic compounds,
J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 1969, 65, 1794. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy Pc Critical pressure Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions ρc Critical density - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
- The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
- Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.