1-Butanethiol

• Formula: C₄H₁₀S
• Molecular weight: 90.187
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H10S/c1-2-3-4-5/h5H,2-4H2,1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 109-79-5
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: n-Butanethiol; n-Butyl mercaptan; n-Butyl thioalcohol; Butanethiol; Butyl mercaptan; Thiobutyl alcohol; 1-Butyl mercaptan; n-C4H9SH; NCI-C60866; Butylthiol; n-Butylthiol; 1-Mercaptobutane; 1-butylthiol; butane-1-thiol
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• Information on this page:
  • Phase change data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH = A exp(-βT_r) (1 − T_r)^β
    Δ_vapH = Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure) (kcal/mol)
    T_r = reduced temperature (T / T_c)

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Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₄H₉S^- +  =

By formula: C₄H₉S^- + H⁺ = C₄H₁₀S

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Kovats' RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Haines, Helm, et al., 1956
Haines, W.E.; Helm, R.V.; Cook, G.L.; Ball, J.S., Purification and Properties of Organic Sulfur Compounds, J. Phys. Chem., 1956, 60, 549-55. [all data]

Denyer, Fidler, et al., 1949
Denyer, R.L.; Fidler, F.A.; Lowry, R.A., Azeotrope Formation Between Thiols and Hydrocarbons, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1949, 41, 2727-37. [all data]

Teets, 1934
Teets, D.E., The Relation of the Melting Point to the Number of Carbon Atoms in a Series of Normal Mercaptans, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1934, 56, 1143. [all data]

Ellis and Reid, 1932
Ellis, L.M.; Reid, E.E., The Preparation and Properties of A Double Series of Aliphatic Mercaptans, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1932, 54, 1674. [all data]

Scott, Finke, et al., 1957
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G., 1-butanethiol and 2-thiapentane. Experimental thermodynamic studies between 12 and 500 K; thermodynamic functions by a refined method of increments., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1062-8. [all data]

Teja and Anselme, 1990
Teja, A.S.; Anselme, M.J., The critical properties of thermally stable and unstable fluids. II. 1986 results, AIChE Symp. Ser., 1990, 86, 279, 122-7. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C., Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00, AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637 . [all data]

Scott, Finke, et al., 1957, 2
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G., 1-Butanethiol and 2-thiapentane. Experimental thermodynamic studies between 12 and 500°K; thermodynamic functions by a refined method of increments, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1062-10. [all data]

Hubbard, Good, et al., 1958
Hubbard, W.N.; Good, W.D.; Waddington, G., The heats of combustion, formation and isomerization of the seven isomeric C₄H₁₀S alkane thiols and sulfides, J. Phys. Chem., 1958, 62, 614-617. [all data]

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Scott, Finke, et al., 1957, 3
Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Pennington, R.E.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G., 1-Butanethiol and 2-thiapentane. Experimental thermodynamic studies between 12 and 500'K., thermodynamic functions by a refined method of increments, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1062-1068. [all data]

Osborn and Douslin, 1966
Osborn, A.G.; Douslin, D.R., Vapor Pressure Relations of 36 Sulfur Compounds Present in Petroleum., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1966, 11, 4, 502-509, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60031a014 . [all data]

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Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

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Taft and Bordwell, 1988
Taft, R.W.; Bordwell, F.G., Structural and Solvent Effects Evaluated from Acidities Measured in Dimethyl Sulfoxide and in the Gas Phase, Acc. Chem. Res., 1988, 21, 12, 463, https://doi.org/10.1021/ar00156a005 . [all data]

Miller and Bruno, 2003
Miller, K.E.; Bruno, T.J., Isothermal Kováts retention indices of sulfur compounds on a poly(5% diphenyl-95% dimethylsiloxane) stationary phase, J. Chromatogr. A, 2003, 1007, 1-2, 117-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(03)00958-0 . [all data]

Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000
Dallos, A.; Sisak, A.; Kulcsár, Z.; Kováts, E., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography VII. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with secondary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr. A, 2000, 904, 2, 211-242, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00908-0 . [all data]

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Reddy, K.S.; Dutoit, J.-Cl.; Kovats, E. sz., Pair-wise interactions by gas chromatography. I. Interaction free enthalpies of solutes with non-associated primary alcohol groups, J. Chromatogr., 1992, 609, 1-2, 229-259, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80167-S . [all data]

Dutoit, 1991
Dutoit, J., Gas chromatographic retention behaviour of some solutes on structurally similar polar and non-polar stationary phases, J. Chromatogr., 1991, 555, 1-2, 191-204, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)87179-X . [all data]

Garbuzov, Misharina, et al., 1985
Garbuzov, V.G.; Misharina, T.A.; Aerov, A.F.; Golovnya, R.V., Gas chromatographic retention indices for sulphur(II)-containing organic substances, J. Anal. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 1985, 40, 4, 576-586. [all data]

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Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions
  ρc	Critical density

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