3-Butenenitrile

• Formula: C₄H₅N
• Molecular weight: 67.0892
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H5N/c1-2-3-4-5/h2H,1,3H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: SJNALLRHIVGIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 109-75-1
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: β-Butenonitrile; Allyl cyanide; Allylnitrile; Propene-3-nitrile; Vinylacetonitrile; 1-Butene-4-nitrile; 3-Butenonitrile; 3-Butenylnitrile; 3-Cyano-1-propene; 3-Cyanopropene; CH2=CHCH2CN; Acetonitrile, vinyl-; TL 350; Allylkyanid; NSC 2583; but-3-enenitrile
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• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • UV/Visible spectrum
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₄H₄N^- +  =

By formula: C₄H₄N^- + H⁺ = C₄H₅N

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Konicek, Prochzka, et al., 1969
Konicek, J.; Prochzka, M.; Krestanov, V.; Smisek, M., Thermochemie der nitrile I. Über die bildungswärmen aliphatischer nitrile, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1969, 34, 2249-2257. [all data]

Willett and Baer, 1980
Willett, G.D.; Baer, T., Thermochemistry and dissociation dynamics of state-selected C₄H₄X ions. 3. C₄H₅N⁺, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1980, 102, 6774. [all data]

Lake and Thompson, 1970
Lake, R.F.; Thompson, H., The photoelectron spectra of some molecules containing the C N group, Proc. Roy. Soc. (London), 1970, A317, 187. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Ohno, Matumoto, et al., 1984
Ohno, K.; Matumoto, S.; Imai, K.; Haraa, Y., Penning ionization electron spectroscopy of nitriles, J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 206. [all data]

Sakurai and Jennings, 1981
Sakurai, H.; Jennings, K.R., A study of the structures of decomposing and non-decomposing [C₄H₅N]⁺ ions formed from different neutral species, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1981, 16, 393. [all data]

Luna, Mo, et al., 2006
Luna, A.; Mo, O.; Yanez, M.; Gal, J.F.; Maria, P.C.; Guillemin, J.C., Gas-phase protonation and deprotonation of acrylonitrile derivatives N equivalent to C-CH=CH-X (X=CH3, NH2, PH2, SiH3), Chem. Eur. J., 2006, 12, 36, 9254-9261, https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.200600154 . [all data]

Chou, Dahlke, et al., 1993
Chou, P.K.; Dahlke, G.D.; Kass, S.R., Unimolecular Rearrangements of Carbanions in the Gas Phase .2. Cyclopropyl Anions, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm., 1993, 115, 1, 315, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00054a045 . [all data]

Dahlke and Kass, 1991
Dahlke, G.D.; Kass, S.R., Substituent Effects in the Gas Phase - 1-Substituted Allyl Anions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 15, 5566, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00015a008 . [all data]

Dawson and Nibbering, 1980
Dawson, J.H.J.; Nibbering, N.M.M., The gas phase anionic chemistry of saturated and unsaturated aliphatic nitriles, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1980, 33, 3. [all data]

Aflalaye, Sternberg, et al., 1995
Aflalaye, A.; Sternberg, R.; Raulin, F.; Vidal-Madjar, C., Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. VI. Analysis of low-molecular-mass hydrocarbons and nitriles with BPX5 capillary columns, J. Chromatogr. A, 1995, 708, 2, 283-291, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(95)00410-O . [all data]

Do and Raulin, 1992
Do, L.; Raulin, F., Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. III. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a CP-Sil-5 CB WCOT capillary column, J. Chromatogr., 1992, 591, 1-2, 297-301, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)80247-R . [all data]

Do and Raulin, 1989
Do, L.; Raulin, F., Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. I. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a PoraPLOT Q porous polymer coated open-tubular capillary column, J. Chromatogr., 1989, 481, 45-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)96751-2 . [all data]

Dallüge, van Stee, et al., 2002
Dallüge, J.; van Stee, L.L.P.; Xu, X.; Williams, J.; Beens, J.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th., Unravelling the composition of very complex samples by comprehensive gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Cigarette smoke, J. Chromatogr. A, 2002, 974, 1-2, 169-184, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(02)01384-5 . [all data]

Engel, Baty, et al., 2002
Engel, E.; Baty, C.; le Corre, D.; Souchon, I.; Martin, N., Flavor-active compounds potentially implicated in cooked cauliflower acceptance, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 22, 6459-6467, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf025579u . [all data]

Ding, Deng, et al., 1998
Ding, Q.; Deng, Y.; Sun, Y.; Huagn, A.; Sun, Y., Analysis of volatile components in ox feces by capillary gas chromatography, Beijing Daxue Xuebao Ziran Kexueban, 1998, 34, 6, 720-725. [all data]

Cajka, Hajslova, et al., 2007
Cajka, T.; Hajslova, J.; Cochran, J.; Holadova, K.; Klimankova, E., Solid phase microextraction - comprehensive two dimensional gas chromatography - time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the analysis of honey volatiles, J. Sep. Sci., 2007, 30, 4, 534-546, https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200600413 . [all data]

Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Sanz, J.; Martinez-Castro, I., SPME followed by GC-MS: a powerful technique for qualitative analysis of honey volatiles, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2008, 1-12. [all data]

Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2009
Soria, A.C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J., Study of the precision in the purge-and-trap-gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry analysis of volatile compounds in honey, J. Chromatogr. A., 2009, 1216, 15, 3300-3304, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.01.065 . [all data]

Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2008
Soria, A.C.; Martinez-Castro, I.; Sanz, J., Some aspects of dynamic headspace analysis of volatile components in honey, Foog Res. International, 2008, 41, 8, 838-848, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2008.07.010 . [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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