Butanenitrile

• Formula: C₄H₇N
• Molecular weight: 69.1051
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C4H7N/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-3H2,1H3 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 109-74-0
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Other names: Butyronitrile; n-Butyronitrile; Butyrylonitrile; Propyl cyanide; 1-Cyanopropane; n-C3H7CN; n-Butanitrile; n-Butanenitrile; Butyric acid nitrile; Propylkyanid; UN 2411; NSC 8412
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
• Options:
  • Switch to SI units

Data at NIST subscription sites:

• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, "lite" edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)
• NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data)

NIST subscription sites provide data under the NIST Standard Reference Data Program, but require an annual fee to access. The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated with the development of data collections included in such sites. Your institution may already be a subscriber. Follow the links above to find out more about the data in these sites and their terms of usage.

Gas phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Henry's Law data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
B - John E. Bartmess

Electron affinity determinations

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

Ion clustering data

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

CH₆N⁺ +  = (CH₆N⁺ • )

By formula: CH₆N⁺ + C₄H₇N = (CH₆N⁺ • C₄H₇N)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: H₄N⁺ + C₄H₇N = (H₄N⁺ • C₄H₇N)

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

Notice: This spectrum may be better viewed with a Javascript and HTML 5 enabled browser.

For Zoom

1.) Enter the desired X axis range (e.g., 100, 200)

2.) Check here for automatic Y scaling

3.) Press here to zoom

Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Evans and Skinner, 1959
Evans, F.W.; Skinner, H.A., The heats of combustion of organic compounds of nitrogen Part 2.-n-Propyl, isopropyl and phenyl cyandies, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1959, 55, 255-259. [all data]

Lemoult and Jungfleisch, 1909
Lemoult, M.P.; Jungfleisch, M.E., Thermochimie. - Comparaisons entre les nitriles et les carbylamines, Compt. Rend., 1909, 148, 1602-1604. [all data]

Mirzaliev, Shakhuradov, et al., 1987
Mirzaliev, A.A.; Shakhuradov, Sh.G.; Guseinov, S.O., Investigation of the isobaric heat capacity of nitriles at different temperatures, Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved., Neft i Gaz, 1987, 30(4), 55-58. [all data]

Guseinov and Mirzaliev, 1985
Guseinov, S.O.; Mirzaliev, A.A., Experimental investigation of volumetric and isobaric heat capacity of saturated nitriles at elevated temperatures and different pressures, Izv. Vyssh. Ucheb. Zaved., Neft i Gaz, 1985, 28(5), 58-62. [all data]

Anonymous, 1957
Anonymous, R., , Am. Pet. Inst. Res. Proj. 6, Carnegie-Mellon Univ., 1957. [all data]

Timmermans, 1935
Timmermans, J., Researches in Stoichiometry. I. The Heat of Fusion of Organic Compounds., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1935, 44, 17-40. [all data]

Joukovsky, 1934
Joukovsky, N.I., Experimental Study of the Theory of Concentrated Solutions. XI. Thermodynamic Properties of Concentrated Solutions of Aliphatic Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen., Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1934, 43, 397. [all data]

Timmermans and Delcourt, 1934
Timmermans, J.; Delcourt, Y., Work of the International Bureau of Physico-Chemical Standards.VI. Physical Constants of Twenty Organic Compounds., J. Chim. Phys. Phys.-Chim. Biol., 1934, 31, 85-121. [all data]

Timmermans, 1927
Timmermans, J., The Melting Point of Organic Substances, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1927, 36, 502. [all data]

Castillo-Lopez and Trejo Rodriguez, 1987
Castillo-Lopez, N.; Trejo Rodriguez, A., The critical temperatures and pressures of several n-alkanenitriles, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1987, 19, 671. [all data]

Guye and Mallet, 1902
Guye, P.A.; Mallet, E., Critical Constant and Molecular Complexity of Several Organic Compds., C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., 1902, 133, 168. [all data]

Guye and Mallet, 1902, 2
Guye, P.A.; Mallet, E., Measurement of Critical Constants, Arch. Sci. Phys. Nat., 1902, 13, 274-296. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R., Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022 . [all data]

Meyer and Hotz, 1973
Meyer, Edwin F.; Hotz, Roger D., High-precision vapor-pressure data for eight organic compounds, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1973, 18, 4, 359-362, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60059a008 . [all data]

Meyer, Renner, et al., 1971
Meyer, Edwin F.; Renner, Terrence A.; Stec, Kenneth S., Cohesive energies in polar organic liquids. II. n-Alkane nitriles and the 1-chloro alkanes, J. Phys. Chem., 1971, 75, 5, 642-648, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100675a008 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Hammer, Diri, et al., 2003
Hammer, N.I.; Diri, K.; Jordan, K.D.; Desfrancois, C.; Compton, R.N., Dipole-bound anions of carbonyl, nitrile, and sulfoxide containing molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 2003, 119, 7, 3650-3660, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1590959 . [all data]

Ohno, Matumoto, et al., 1984
Ohno, K.; Matumoto, S.; Imai, K.; Haraa, Y., Penning ionization electron spectroscopy of nitriles, J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, 206. [all data]

Chess, Lapp, et al., 1982
Chess, E.K.; Lapp, R.L.; Gross, M.L., The question of tautomerism of alkylnitrile and isonitrile radical cations, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1982, 17, 475. [all data]

Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Heerma, deRidder, et al., 1969
Heerma, W.; deRidder, J.J.; Dijkstra, G., The electron-impact-induced fragmentation of n-alkyl cyanides, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1969, 2, 1103. [all data]

Speller and Meot-Ner (Mautner), 1985
Speller, C.V.; Meot-Ner (Mautner), M., The Ionic Hydrogen Bond and Ion Solvation. 3. Bonds Involving Cyanides. Correlations with Proton Affinites, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 81, 24, 5217, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100270a020 . [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  EA	Electron affinity
  Pc	Critical pressure
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔcH°gas	Enthalpy of combustion of gas at standard conditions
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrS°	Entropy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database.
• Customer support for NIST Standard Reference Data products.