Phenol
- Formula: C6H6O
- Molecular weight: 94.1112
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 108-95-2
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Carbolic acid; Baker's P and S Liquid and Ointment; Benzenol; Hydroxybenzene; Izal; Monohydroxybenzene; Monophenol; Oxybenzene; Phenic acid; Phenyl alcohol; Phenyl hydrate; Phenyl hydroxide; Phenylic acid; Phenylic alcohol; PhOH; Benzene, hydroxy-; Acide carbolique; Baker's P & S liquid & Ointment; Fenol; Fenolo; NCI-C50124; Paoscle; Phenole; Carbolsaure; NA 2821; Phenol alcohol; Phenol, molten; Rcra waste number U188; UN 1671; UN 2312; UN 2821; Phenic alcohol; NSC 36808; Campho-Phenique Cold Sore Gel (Salt/Mix); Campho-Phenique Gel (Salt/Mix); Campho-Phenique Liquid (Salt/Mix)
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -96.36 ± 0.59 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Cox, 1961 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -96.44 ± 0.63 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Andon, Biddiscombe, et al., 1960 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | -94.2 | kJ/mol | N/A | Parks, Manchester, et al., 1954 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of -162.8±1.0 kj/mol from Parks, Manchester, et al., 1954 and ΔsubH° value of 68.6 kj/mol from Cox, 1961.; DRB |
ΔfH°gas | -95.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Badoche, 1941 | Value computed using ΔfHsolid° value of -163.9 kj/mol from Badoche, 1941 and ΔsubH° value of 68.6 kj/mol from Cox, 1961.; DRB |
Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
Cp,gas (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
33.91 | 50. | Kudchadker S.A., 1978 | Recommended S(T) and Cp(T) values are in close agreement with statistical values calculated by [ Evans J.C., 1960, Green J.H.S., 1961]. Entropy value calculated by [ Sarin V.N., 1973] agrees well with the third-law entropy at 298.15 K but not at 400 K. Statistical values calculated by [ Ramaswamy V., 1970] seem to be erroneous.; GT |
41.38 | 100. | ||
54.19 | 150. | ||
69.65 | 200. | ||
94.61 | 273.15 | ||
103.22 | 298.15 | ||
103.86 | 300. | ||
135.79 | 400. | ||
161.91 | 500. | ||
182.48 | 600. | ||
198.84 | 700. | ||
212.14 | 800. | ||
223.19 | 900. | ||
232.49 | 1000. | ||
240.41 | 1100. | ||
247.20 | 1200. | ||
253.06 | 1300. | ||
258.12 | 1400. | ||
262.52 | 1500. |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°solid | -165.0 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Cox, 1961 | ALS |
ΔfH°solid | -165.1 ± 1.3 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Andon, Biddiscombe, et al., 1960 | ALS |
ΔfH°solid | -162.8 ± 1.0 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Parks, Manchester, et al., 1954 | ALS |
ΔfH°solid | -163.9 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Badoche, 1941 | Author's hf298_condensed=-41.49 kcal/mol; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°solid | -3058. ± 10. | kJ/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°solid,1 bar | 144.01 | J/mol*K | N/A | Andon, Counsell, et al., 1963 | DH |
S°solid,1 bar | 142.7 | J/mol*K | N/A | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | Extrapolation below 90 K, 49.04 J/mol*K.; DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
Cp,solid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
127.21 | 298.15 | Nichols and Wads, 1975 | DH |
199.8 | 313. | Rastorguev and Ganiev, 1967 | T = 313 to 373 K.; DH |
127.44 | 298.15 | Andon, Counsell, et al., 1963 | T = 13 to 336 K.; DH |
93.7 | 293. | Campbell and Campbell, 1940 | DH |
103.8 | 229.3 | Aoyama and Kanda, 1935 | T = 78 to 229 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
133.09 | 295.8 | Parks, Huffman, et al., 1933 | T = 93 to 296 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
MS - José A. Martinho Simões
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: C6H5O- + H+ = C6H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1462. ± 10. | kJ/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 out of 7 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1432. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; Shiner, Vorner, et al., 1986: tautomer acidities ΔHacid(ortho) = 343.9±3.1 kcal, para = 340.1±2 kcal. However, Capponi, Gut, et al., 1999 based on aq. soln. results, imply 18 and 14 kcal/mol difference.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
ΔrG° | 1426. ± 7.9 | kJ/mol | CIDC | Angel and Ervin, 2004 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 1437. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Cumming and Kebarle, 1978 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | >1429. ± 7.5 | kJ/mol | H-TS | Richardson, Stephenson, et al., 1975 | gas phase; B |
By formula: Cl- + C6H6O = (Cl- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 109. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; B,M |
ΔrH° | 109. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDEq | Cummings, French, et al., 1977 | gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B |
ΔrH° | 115. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrH° | 111. | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
ΔrH° | 81.2 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1971 | gas phase; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 109. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Kebarle, 1977 | gas phase; M |
ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
ΔrS° | 64.9 | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1971 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 80.3 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 77.4 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDEq | Cummings, French, et al., 1977 | gas phase; Re-anchored to data in French, Ikuta, et al., 1982.; B |
ΔrG° | 61.9 ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1971 | gas phase; B |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
66.5 | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: F- + C6H6O = (F- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 173. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 110. | J/mol*K | N/A | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; switching reaction(F-)H2O, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 140. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Larson and McMahon, 1983 | gas phase; These relative affinities are ca. 10 kcal/mol weaker than threshold values (see Wenthold and Squires, 1995) for donors greater than ca. 27 kcal/mol in free energy. This discrepancy has not yet been resolved, though the stronger value appears preferable.; B,M |
By formula: Br- + C6H6O = (Br- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 87.0 ± 7.5 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B,M |
ΔrH° | 82.0 | kJ/mol | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 84. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
ΔrS° | 96. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 46.4 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
46.4 | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
46.4 | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: I- + C6H6O = (I- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 72.4 ± 7.5 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 88. | J/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 35. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; ΔGaff at 423 K; B |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
35. | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1990 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: C2H3O2- + C6H6O = (C2H3O2- • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 109. ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | N/A | Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; B,M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 100. | J/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; M |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 79.1 ± 6.7 | kJ/mol | TDAs | Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986 | gas phase; B |
By formula: Na+ + C6H6O = (Na+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 102. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
ΔrH° | 98. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Armentrout and Rodgers, 2000 | RCD |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kJ/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
69.9 | 298. | IMRE | McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000 | Anchor alanine=39.89; RCD |
By formula: C6H6O + C12H18O = C9H12O + C9H12O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -0.7 ± 1.0 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
ΔrH° | -0.7 ± 1.0 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pilyshchikov, et al., 1983 | liquid phase; GC; ALS |
C22H20O2Ti (cr) + 2( • 5.55) (solution) = 2 (cr) + (cr)
By formula: C22H20O2Ti (cr) + 2(HCl • 5.55H2O) (solution) = 2C6H6O (cr) + C10H10Cl2Ti (cr)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -5.8 ± 2.5 | kJ/mol | RSC | Dias, Salema, et al., 1981 | Please also see Calhorda, Carrondo, et al., 1986.; MS |
(solution) + C5H11BrMg (solution) = C6H5BrMgO (solution) + (solution)
By formula: C6H6O (solution) + C5H11BrMg (solution) = C6H5BrMgO (solution) + C5H12 (solution)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -202.5 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | RSC | Holm, 1983 | solvent: Diethyl ether; MS |
C20H32Zr (solution) + (solution) = C26H36OZr (solution) + (g)
By formula: C20H32Zr (solution) + C6H6O (solution) = C26H36OZr (solution) + H2 (g)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -132.6 ± 1.7 | kJ/mol | RSC | Schock and Marks, 1988 | solvent: Toluene; MS |
C26H36OZr (solution) + (solution) = C32H40O2Zr (solution) + (g)
By formula: C26H36OZr (solution) + C6H6O (solution) = C32H40O2Zr (solution) + H2 (g)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -86.6 ± 2.9 | kJ/mol | RSC | Schock and Marks, 1988 | solvent: Toluene; MS |
By formula: C8H8O2 + H2O = C6H6O + C2H4O2
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -28.7 ± 0.2 | kJ/mol | Cm | Wadso, 1960 | liquid phase; Heat of hydrolysis; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -2.6 ± 1.1 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
+ C18H30O = +
By formula: C6H6O + C18H30O = C14H22O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -1.7 ± 1.5 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -3.2 ± 1.9 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = 2C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -1.3 ± 2.1 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989 | liquid phase; Isomerization; ALS |
C6H5NaO (cr) + ( • 552) (solution) = (cr) + (cr)
By formula: C6H5NaO (cr) + (HCl • 552H2O) (solution) = C6H6O (cr) + ClNa (cr)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -78.0 ± 5.7 | kJ/mol | RSC | Leal, Pires de Matos, et al., 1991 | MS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 0.08 ± 0.71 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -0. ± 4. | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: (Li+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Li+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 115. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (Na+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Na+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 82. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (Cs+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Cs+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 61. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (Rb+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (Rb+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 64. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: (K+ • C6H6O) + C6H6O = (K+ • 2C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 68. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
(cr) + C10H11ClZr (cr) = C16H15ClOZr (cr) + (g)
By formula: C6H6O (cr) + C10H11ClZr (cr) = C16H15ClOZr (cr) + H2 (g)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -77.7 ± 4.2 | kJ/mol | RSC | Diogo, Simoni, et al., 1993 | MS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = 2C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -12.8 ± 0.54 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C6H6O + C14H22O = C10H14O + C10H14O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 0.0 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981 | liquid phase; ALS |
C6H5NaO (cr) + (l) = (cr) + (cr)
By formula: C6H5NaO (cr) + H2O (l) = C6H6O (cr) + HNaO (cr)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 21.4 ± 3.6 | kJ/mol | RSC | Leal, Pires de Matos, et al., 1991 | MS |
By formula: Li+ + C6H6O = (Li+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 178. ± 17. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: Cs+ + C6H6O = (Cs+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 66. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: Rb+ + C6H6O = (Rb+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 69. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: K+ + C6H6O = (K+ • C6H6O)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 74. ± 3. | kJ/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
By formula: C10H14O = C4H8 + C6H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 77.8 | kJ/mol | Cm | Kukui, Potolovskii, et al., 1973 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C10H14O = C4H8 + C6H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 82.8 | kJ/mol | Cm | Kukui, Potolovskii, et al., 1973 | liquid phase; ALS |
By formula: C10H14O = C6H6O + C4H8
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 71.0 ± 2.1 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Verevkin, 1982 | gas phase; ALS |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to C6H6O+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 8.49 ± 0.02 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 817.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 786.3 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C5H5+ | 12.96 ± 0.10 | CO+H | DER | Fraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1984 | LBLHLM |
C5H5+ | 14.2 ± 0.2 | CO+H | EI | Tajima and Tsuchiya, 1973 | LLK |
C5H5+ | 14.25 | CO+H | EI | Occolowitz and White, 1968 | RDSH |
C5H6+ | 11.4 ± 0.1 | CO | TRPI | Lifshitz and Malinovich, 1984 | LBLHLM |
C5H6+ | 12.5 ± 0.1 | CO | EI | Henion and Kingston, 1973 | LLK |
C5H6+ | 11.67 | CO | EI | Howe and Williams, 1969 | RDSH |
C5H6+[c-C5H6] | 11.59 ± 0.10 | CO | PIPECO | Fraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1984 | T = 0K; LBLHLM |
De-protonation reactions
By formula: C6H5O- + H+ = C6H6O
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1462. ± 10. | kJ/mol | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 out of 7 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1432. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; Shiner, Vorner, et al., 1986: tautomer acidities ΔHacid(ortho) = 343.9±3.1 kcal, para = 340.1±2 kcal. However, Capponi, Gut, et al., 1999 based on aq. soln. results, imply 18 and 14 kcal/mol difference.; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
ΔrG° | 1426. ± 7.9 | kJ/mol | CIDC | Angel and Ervin, 2004 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | 1437. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Cumming and Kebarle, 1978 | gas phase; B |
ΔrG° | >1429. ± 7.5 | kJ/mol | H-TS | Richardson, Stephenson, et al., 1975 | gas phase; B |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Cox, 1961
Cox, J.D.,
The heats of combustion of phenol and the three cresols,
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Parks, G.S.; Manchester, K.E.; Vaughan, L.M.,
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Badoche, 1941
Badoche, M.,
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Kudchadker S.A., 1978
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Ideal gas thermodynamic properties of phenol and cresols,
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Evans J.C.,
The vibrational spectra phenol and phenol-OD,
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Green J.H.S., 1961
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The thermodynamic properties of organic oxygen compounds. II. Vibrational assignment and calculated thermodynamic properties of phenol,
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Sarin V.N., 1973
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Ramaswamy V., 1970
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Thermo data for n-alkyl phenols,
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Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
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Angel and Ervin, 2004
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Cumming and Kebarle, 1978
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Richardson, Stephenson, et al., 1975
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Kebarle, 1977
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Ion Thermochemistry and Solvation from Gas Phase Ion Equilibria,
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Paul and Kebarle, 1990
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Yamdagni and Kebarle, 1971
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Hydrogen bonding energies to negative ions from gas phase measurements of ionic equilibria,
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Larson and McMahon, 1983
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B.,
Strong hydrogen bonding in gas-phase anions. An ion cyclotron resonance determination of fluoride binding energetics to bronsted acids from gas-phase fluoride exchange equilibria measurements,
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Bond dissociation energies of F2(-) and HF2(-). A gas-phase experimental and G2 theoretical study,
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Arshadi, Yamdagni, et al., 1970
Arshadi, M.; Yamdagni, R.; Kebarle, P.,
Hydration of Halide Negative Ions in the Gas Phase. II. Comparison of Hydration Energies for the Alkali Positive and Halide Negative Ions,
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Paul and Kebarle, 1991
Paul, G.J.C.; Kebarle, P.,
Stabilities of Complexes of Br- with Substituted Benzenes (SB) Based on Determinations of the Gas-Phase Equilibria Br- + SB = (BrSB)-,
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Meot-Ner and Sieck, 1986
Meot-Ner, M.; Sieck, L.W.,
The ionic hydrogen bond and ion solvation. 5. OH...O- bonds. Gas phase solvation and clustering of alkoxide and carboxylate anions,
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Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002
Amunugama, R.; Rodgers, M.T.,
The influence of substituents on cation-pi interactions. 4. Absolute binding energies of alkali metal cation - Phenol complexes determined by threshold collision-induced dissociation and theoretical studies,
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Armentrout and Rodgers, 2000
Armentrout, P.B.; Rodgers, M.T.,
An Absolute Sodium Cation Affinity Scale: Threshold Collision-Induced Dissociation Experiments and ab Initio Theory,
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McMahon and Ohanessian, 2000
McMahon, T.B.; Ohanessian, G.,
An Experimental and Ab Initio Study of the Nature of the Binding in Gas-Phase Complexes of Sodium Ions,
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Nesterova, Pimerzin, et al., 1989
Nesterova, T.N.; Pimerzin, A.A.; Rozhnov, A.M.; Karlina, T.N.,
Equilibria for the isomerization of (secondary-alkyl)phenols and cyclohexylphenols,
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Nesterova, Pilyshchikov, et al., 1983
Nesterova, T.N.; Pilyshchikov, V.A.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Chemical Equilibrium in the system isopropylphenols-phenol,
J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 1983, 56, 1257-1261. [all data]
Dias, Salema, et al., 1981
Dias, A.R.; Salema, M.S.; Martinho Simões, J.A.,
J. Organometal. Chem., 1981, 222, 69. [all data]
Calhorda, Carrondo, et al., 1986
Calhorda, M.J.; Carrondo, M.A.A.F.C.T.; Dias, A.R.; Domingos, A.M.T.S.; Martinho Simões, J.A.; Teixeira, C.,
Organometallics, 1986, 5, 660. [all data]
Holm, 1983
Holm, T.,
Acta Chem. Scand. B, 1983, 37, 797. [all data]
Schock and Marks, 1988
Schock, L.E.; Marks, T.J.,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1988, 110, 7701. [all data]
Wadso, 1960
Wadso, I.,
Heats of hydrolysis of phenyl acetate and phenyl thiolacetate,
Acta Chem. Scand., 1960, 14, 561-565. [all data]
Leal, Pires de Matos, et al., 1991
Leal, J.P.; Pires de Matos, A.; Martinho Simões, J.A.,
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Pil'shchikov, Nesterova, et al., 1981
Pil'shchikov, V.A.; Nesterova, T.N.; Rozhnov, A.M.,
Equilibrium in the system phenol-tert-butylphenols,
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Diogo, Simoni, et al., 1993
Diogo, H.P.; Simoni, J.A.; Minas da Piedade, M.E.; Dias, A.R.; Martinho Simões, J.A.,
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Kukui, Potolovskii, et al., 1973
Kukui, N.M.; Potolovskii, L.A.; Vasileva, V.N.,
Thermochemical and thermodynamic calculation of the alkylation of phenol by normal α-olefins,
Khim. Tekhnol. Topl. Masel, 1973, 18, 10-13. [all data]
Verevkin, 1982
Verevkin, S.P.,
Study of equilibrium of tert-butylphenol dealkylation in the gas phase,
Termodin. Organ. Soedin., 1982, 67-70. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
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Lipert and Colson, 1990
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Accurate ionization potentials of phenol and phenol-(H2O) from the electric field dependence of the pump-probe photoionization threshold,
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Fuke, Yoshiuchi, et al., 1984
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Multiphoton ionization photoelectron spectroscopy and two-color multiphoton ionization threshold spectroscopy on the hydrogen bonded phenol and 7-azaindole in a supersonic jet,
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Fraser-Monteiro, Fraser-Monteiro, et al., 1984
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Dissociation dynamics of energy-selected phenol ions,
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Klasinc, Kovac, et al., 1983
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Photoelectron spectra of acenes. Electronic structure and substituent effects,
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Behan, Johnstone, et al., 1976
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An evaluation of empirical methods for calculating the ionization potentials of substituted benzenes,
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Maier and Turner, 1973
Maier, J.P.; Turner, D.W.,
Steric inhibition of resonance studied by molecular photoelectron spectroscopy Part 3. Anilines, Phenols and Related Compounds,
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Henion and Kingston, 1973
Henion, J.D.; Kingston, D.G.I.,
Mass spectrometry of organic compounds. VII. Energetics of substituent isomerization in diphenyl sulfide and diphenyl ether,
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Debies and Rabalais, 1973
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Photoelectron spectra of substituted benzenes. II. Seven valence electron substituents,
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Cooks, Bertrand, et al., 1973
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Energy partitioning data as an ion structure probe. Substituted anisoles,
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On-line computer methods used in conjunction with the measurement of ionization appearance potentials,
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Eland, 1969
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Photoelectron spectra of conjugated hydrocarbons and heteromolecules,
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Dewar and Worley, 1969
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Kobayashi, 1978
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Photoelectron spectra of substituted benzenes,
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Dewar, Ernstbrunner, et al., 1974
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Conformational analysis of alkyl aryl ethers and alkyl aryl sulphides by photoelectron spectroscopy,
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Tajima and Tsuchiya, 1973
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Energetics consideration of C5H5+ ions produced from various precursors by electron impact,
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Energetic considerations in the assignment of some fragment ion structures,
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Lifshitz and Malinovich, 1984
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Time resolved photoionization mass spectrometry in the millisecond range,
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Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References
- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,gas Constant pressure heat capacity of gas Cp,solid Constant pressure heat capacity of solid IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy S°solid,1 bar Entropy of solid at standard conditions (1 bar) T Temperature ΔcH°solid Enthalpy of combustion of solid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°solid Enthalpy of formation of solid at standard conditions ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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