Toluene
- Formula: C7H8
- Molecular weight: 92.1384
- IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C7H8/c1-7-5-3-2-4-6-7/h2-6H,1H3
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 108-88-3
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Isotopologues:
- Other names: Benzene, methyl; Methacide; Methylbenzene; Methylbenzol; Phenylmethane; Antisal 1a; Toluol; Methane, phenyl-; NCI-C07272; Tolueen; Toluen; Toluolo; Rcra waste number U220; Tolu-sol; UN 1294; Dracyl; Monomethyl benzene; CP 25; NSC 406333; methylbenzene (toluene)
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Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
M - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
RCD - Robert C. Dunbar
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C7H7- + =
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 382.33 ± 0.45 | kcal/mol | D-EA | Gunion, Gilles, et al., 1992 | gas phase; Kim, Wenthold, et al., 1999, with LN2 cooling of the ion, gives the same EA; B |
| ΔrH° | 380.8 ± 2.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
| ΔrH° | 379.2 ± 2.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Gal, Decouzon, et al., 2001 | gas phase; B |
| ΔrH° | 377.0 ± 3.5 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Graul and Squires, 1990 | gas phase; B |
| ΔrH° | 384.5 ± 7.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Bohme and Young, 1971 | gas phase; B |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 373.7 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
| ΔrG° | 372.1 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Gal, Decouzon, et al., 2001 | gas phase; B |
| ΔrG° | 377.4 ± 7.0 | kcal/mol | IMRB | Bohme and Young, 1971 | gas phase; B |
By formula: C3H9Si+ + C7H8 = (C3H9Si+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 28.4 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Stone and Stone, 1991 | gas phase; forms pi complex; M |
| ΔrH° | 31.3 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Stone and Stone, 1991 | gas phase; toluene D8, forms pi complex; M |
| ΔrH° | 26.6 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)C6H6, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 34.9 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)C6H6, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kcal/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.3 | 468. | PHPMS | Wojtyniak and Stone, 1986 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder((CH3)3Si+)C6H6, Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: Br- + C7H8 = (Br- • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 8.6 ± 1.8 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B,M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 20. | cal/mol*K | N/A | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 0.1 ± 1.0 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; ΔGaff measured at 303 K, corrected to 423 K, ΔSaff taken as that of PhNO2..Br-; B |
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kcal/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 | 423. | PHPMS | Paul and Kebarle, 1991 | gas phase; Entropy change calculated or estimated; M |
By formula: C4H9+ + C7H8 = (C4H9+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 28.6 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Stone and Stone, 1991 | gas phase; toluene D8, forms protonated t-butyltoluene; M |
| ΔrH° | 29.1 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Stone and Stone, 1991 | gas phase; forms protomated t-butyltoluene; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 54.5 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Stone and Stone, 1991 | gas phase; toluene D8, forms protonated t-butyltoluene; M |
| ΔrS° | 54.6 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Stone and Stone, 1991 | gas phase; forms protomated t-butyltoluene; M |
By formula: C7H8+ + C7H8 = (C7H8+ • C7H8)
Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 14.5 | kcal/mol | MPI | Ernstberger, Krause, et al., 1990 | gas phase; M |
| ΔrH° | 5.4 | kcal/mol | PI | Ruhl, Bisling, et al., 1986 | gas phase; from vIP of perpendicular dimer; M |
| ΔrH° | 16.0 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978 | gas phase; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 29. | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978 | gas phase; M |
By formula: C6H7N+ + C7H8 = (C6H7N+ • C7H8)
Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 13.7 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986 | gas phase; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 26.0 | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner) and El-Shall, 1986 | gas phase; M |
By formula: C9H12+ + C7H8 = (C9H12+ • C7H8)
Bond type: Charge transfer bond (positive ion)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 12.0 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978 | gas phase; M |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrS° | 27. | cal/mol*K | PHPMS | Meot-Ner (Mautner), Hamlet, et al., 1978 | gas phase; M |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: NO- + C7H8 = (NO- • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 44.2 | kcal/mol | ICR | Reents and Freiser, 1981 | gas phase; switching reaction,Thermochemical ladder(NO+)C2H5OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated; Farid and McMahon, 1978; M |
+
=
+
By formula: HBr + C7H7Br = C7H8 + Br2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 8.1 ± 1.0 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Benson and Buss, 1957 | gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 8.0 ± 0.9 kcal/mol; ALS |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: Cl- + C7H8 = (Cl- • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrG° | 4.00 | kcal/mol | TDEq | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; B |
Free energy of reaction
| ΔrG° (kcal/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.0 | 300. | PHPMS | French, Ikuta, et al., 1982 | gas phase; M |
+
=
+
By formula: HI + C7H7I = C7H8 + I2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -7.8 ± 1.1 | kcal/mol | Cm | Graham, Nichol, et al., 1955 | liquid phase; solvent: p-Xylene; ALS |
+ 0.5
=
+ 0.5
By formula: C7H7Br + 0.5H2 = C7H8 + 0.5Br2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -0.9 ± 0.5 | kcal/mol | Chyd | Ashcroft, Carson, et al., 1963 | liquid phase; ALS |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: I- + C7H8 = (I- • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 11.0 ± 1.0 | kcal/mol | TDAs | Caldwell, Masucci, et al., 1989 | gas phase; B,M |
=
By formula: C7H8 = C7H8
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -24. ± 3. | kcal/mol | Cm | Bartmess and Griffith, 1990 | gas phase; Gas phase acidity; ALS |
=
+ 0.5
By formula: C7H7I = C7H8 + 0.5I2
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | -9.7 ± 0.4 | kcal/mol | Chyd | Ashcroft, Carson, et al., 1963 | liquid phase; ALS |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (Li+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Li+ • 2C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 27.8 ± 0.7 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (Na+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Na+ • 2C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 20.7 ± 0.5 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (Cs+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Cs+ • 2C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 14.7 ± 1.0 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (Rb+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Rb+ • 2C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 16.2 ± 1.0 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (K+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (K+ • 2C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 17.9 ± 1.1 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
( •
) +
= (
• 2
)
By formula: (Cr+ • C7H8) + C7H8 = (Cr+ • 2C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 53.1 ± 9.1 | kcal/mol | RAK | Lin and Dunbar, 1997 | RCD |
+
=
+
By formula: C10H14 + C6H6 = C7H8 + C9H12
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 0.0 ± 0.1 | kcal/mol | Eqk | Tsvetkov, Rozhnov, et al., 1985 | liquid phase; ALS |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: Li+ + C7H8 = (Li+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 43.7 ± 4.0 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: Na+ + C7H8 = (Na+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 26.8 ± 0.8 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: Cs+ + C7H8 = (Cs+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 15.3 ± 1.1 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: Rb+ + C7H8 = (Rb+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 17.0 ± 1.0 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: K+ + C7H8 = (K+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 19.1 ± 1.2 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Amunugama and Rodgers, 2002 | RCD |
+
= (
•
)
By formula: Cr+ + C7H8 = (Cr+ • C7H8)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 42.1 ± 3.3 | kcal/mol | RAK | Lin and Dunbar, 1997 | RCD |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
MM - Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner)
LL - Sharon G. Lias and Joel F. Liebman
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to C7H8+ (ion structure unspecified)
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IE (evaluated) | 8.828 ± 0.001 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| Proton affinity (review) | 187.4 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| Gas basicity | 180.8 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Proton affinity at 298K
| Proton affinity (kcal/mol) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| 187.0 | Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000 | Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM |
Gas basicity at 298K
| Gas basicity (review) (kcal/mol) | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|
| 180.1 | Aue, Guidoni, et al., 2000 | Experimental literature data re-evaluated by the authors using ab initio protonation entropies; MM |
Ionization energy determinations
Appearance energy determinations
De-protonation reactions
C7H7- + =
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ΔrH° | 382.33 ± 0.45 | kcal/mol | D-EA | Gunion, Gilles, et al., 1992 | gas phase; Kim, Wenthold, et al., 1999, with LN2 cooling of the ion, gives the same EA; B |
| ΔrH° | 380.8 ± 2.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
| ΔrH° | 379.2 ± 2.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Gal, Decouzon, et al., 2001 | gas phase; B |
| ΔrH° | 377.0 ± 3.5 | kcal/mol | CIDT | Graul and Squires, 1990 | gas phase; B |
| ΔrH° | 384.5 ± 7.1 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Bohme and Young, 1971 | gas phase; B |
| Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
| ΔrG° | 373.7 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
| ΔrG° | 372.1 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Gal, Decouzon, et al., 2001 | gas phase; B |
| ΔrG° | 377.4 ± 7.0 | kcal/mol | IMRB | Bohme and Young, 1971 | gas phase; B |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 100. | 785.29 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 120. | 792.81 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 60. | 774.14 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 80. | 778.14 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 0. | 759.7 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 10. | 754.8 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 20. | 760.9 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 30. | 755.2 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 40. | 752.6 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 50. | 751.6 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 755.3 | Wang, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Packed | PMS-1000 | 90. | 786. | Arutyunov, Kudryashov, et al., 2004 | N2, Chromaton N-AW-DMCS; Column length: 2. m |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 100. | 782.2 | Pérez-Parajón, Santiuste, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 120. | 787.7 | Pérez-Parajón, Santiuste, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 313. | 751.72 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 323. | 753.79 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 333. | 756.18 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 343. | 758.31 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 353. | 760.55 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 363. | 763.41 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 373. | 765.53 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 383. | 767.08 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 393. | 769.68 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 403. | 773.08 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 413. | 774.96 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 423. | 777.86 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 313. | 767.72 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 323. | 770.81 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 333. | 772.35 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 343. | 774.88 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 353. | 776.58 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 363. | 779.16 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 373. | 781.85 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 383. | 784.33 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 393. | 787.46 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 150. | 773.24 | Berezkin, Korolev, et al., 2002 | He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 743.7 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | Squalane | 60. | 746.2 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 748.7 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | Squalane | 80. | 751.2 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | Squalane | 90. | 753.5 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 756.2 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | Squalane | 110. | 758.8 | Wick, Siepmann, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 750.1 | Chen, Liang, et al., 2001 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 754.9 | Chen, Liang, et al., 2001 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 170. | 786.91 | Kuhn, 2001 | 30. m/0.53 mm/3. μm, He |
| Packed | C78, Branched paraffin | 130. | 784.0 | Dallos, Sisak, et al., 2000 | He; Column length: 3.3 m |
| Capillary | HP-101 | 60. | 756.97 | Garay, 2000 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, H2 |
| Capillary | HP-101 | 60. | 756.97 | Garay, 2000 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, H2 |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 100. | 766.3 | Zhu, Zhang, et al., 1999 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 140. | 767. | Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998 | 10. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 754. | Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998 | 10. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 758. | Dewulf, Van Langenhove, et al., 1997 | 30. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, He |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 0. | 746. | Skrbic, 1997 | |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 150. | 780. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 150. | 779. | Zhang, Chen, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2 |
| Packed | OV-101 | 100. | 765.5 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
| Packed | OV-101 | 110. | 768.4 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
| Packed | OV-101 | 80. | 761.8 | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
| Packed | OV-101 | 90. | 763. | Righezza, Hassani, et al., 1996 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
| Capillary | CP Sil 2 | 60. | 757.5 | Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | CP Sil 2 | 80. | 764.5 | Estel, Mohnke, et al., 1995 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 150. | 777.1 | Cha and Lee, 1994 | Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 180. | 786.9 | Cha and Lee, 1994 | Column length: 20. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 756.2 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | H2; Phase thickness: 0.25 μm |
| Capillary | PONA | 60. | 756.5 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 μm |
| Capillary | PONA | 60. | 756.6 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 μm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 756.7 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | H2; Phase thickness: 1. μm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 756.5 | Krupcik, Skacani, et al., 1994 | H2; Phase thickness: 0.2 μm |
| Packed | OV-101 | 120. | 771.6 | Hassani and Meklati, 1992 | N2, Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 5. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 757. | Hongwei and Zhide, 1992 | H2, Silanized white support (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | C78, Branched paraffin | 130. | 784.0 | Reddy, Dutoit, et al., 1992 | Chromosorb G HP; Column length: 3.3 m |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 0. | 749. | Skrbic and Cvejanov, 1992 | 15. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 756. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 756. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 100. | 766. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 100. | 766. | Zhang, Li, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 60. | 757. | Castello, Vezzani, et al., 1991 | N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm |
| Packed | Apolane | 130. | 786. | Dutoit, 1991 | Column length: 3.7 m |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 100. | 766. | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 120. | 771.4 | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 45. | 753.6 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 60. | 756.6 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 65. | 758.4 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 75. | 759.9 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 60. | 771.9 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 75. | 775.4 | Guan, Kiraly, et al., 1989 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Matisová, Kovacicová, et al., 1989 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Packed | Squalane | 70. | 752. | Safina, Poznyak, et al., 1989 | He, Risorb (0.2-0.3 mm); Column length: 2. m |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 759. | Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 60. | 760. | Bangjie, Yijian, et al., 1988 | N2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 753. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 757. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 80. | 762. | Laub and Purnell, 1988 | |
| Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 744.1 | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 749. | Lunskii and Paizanskaya, 1988 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 767. | Engewald, Topalova, et al., 1987 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm |
| Packed | Squalane | 80. | 753. | Fernández-Sánchez, García-Domínguez, et al., 1987 | H2 |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 758. | Nabivach and Vasiliev, 1987 | |
| Capillary | Nonpolar | 45. | 744. | Stoyanov and Dimov, 1987 | |
| Capillary | Nonpolar | 52.5 | 746. | Stoyanov and Dimov, 1987 | |
| Capillary | Nonpolar | 60. | 748. | Stoyanov and Dimov, 1987 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 754.0 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 756.1 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 758.0 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 70. | 759.8 | Boneva and Dimov, 1986 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
| Packed | SE-30 | 180. | 788. | Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1985 | N2, Chromosorb A AW; Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 42. | 753. | Rudenko, Mal'tsev, et al., 1985 | Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 180. | 788. | Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984 | N2, Chromosorb W AW; Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 150. | 780. | Tiess, 1984 | Ar, Gas Chrom Q (80-100 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | OV-1 | 120. | 771. | Valko, Papp, et al., 1984 | Gas Chrom Q; Column length: 2. m |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 764. | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 764. | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 110. | 766. | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 90. | 762. | Boneva, Papazova, et al., 1983 | N2; Column length: 85. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 30. | 751. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 753. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 755. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 757. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 70. | 759. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 80. | 761. | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
| Capillary | OV-3 | 30. | 772.3 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | |
| Capillary | OV-3 | 40. | 774.4 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | |
| Capillary | OV-3 | 50. | 776.7 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | |
| Capillary | OV-3 | 60. | 779.0 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | |
| Capillary | OV-3 | 70. | 781.5 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | |
| Capillary | OV-3 | 80. | 784.2 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983, 2 | |
| Capillary | Squalane | 106. | 757. | Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983 | He; Column length: 100. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 96. | 755. | Kugucheva and Mashinsky, 1983 | He; Column length: 100. m |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 756.2 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.264 mm |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 756.7 | Lubeck and Sutton, 1983 | 60. m/0.259 mm/1. μm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 70. | 759.9 | Tóth, 1983 | N2; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | SE-30 | 100. | 767. | Winskowski, 1983 | Gaschrom Q; Column length: 2. m |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 50. | 754. | Anders, Scheller, et al., 1982 | Column length: 55. m; Column diameter: 0.21 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 130. | 774. | Bredael, 1982 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 80. | 761. | Bredael, 1982 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 120. | 772. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 140. | 782. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1982 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 756. | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | 100. m/0.27 mm/0.20 μm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 756. | Johansen and Ettre, 1982 | 55. m/0.27 mm/0.9 μm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 755. | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 96. | 757.1 | Macák, Nabivach, et al., 1982 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766.4 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 120. | 771.5 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 140. | 781.5 | Gerasimenko, Kirilenko, et al., 1981 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 60. | 758. | Nijs and Jacobs, 1981 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 80. | 761.4 | Albaigés and Guardino, 1980 | He; Column length: 64. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 80. | 750. | Albaigés and Guardino, 1980 | He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Apiezon L | 100. | 791. | Morishita, Okano, et al., 1980 | Column length: 45. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 757. | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980 | He, Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Column length: 1. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 745.2 | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 750. | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 744.2 | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979, 2 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 749.3 | Bajus, Veselý, et al., 1979, 2 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 754.7 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 755.0 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 755.3 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 755.5 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 749.8 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 751.2 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 754.0 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 755.0 | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1979 | N2; Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 749.2 | Drozd, Novák, et al., 1978 | Column length: 10. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 749.4 | Drozd, Novák, et al., 1978 | Column length: 10. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 755.0 | Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 96. | 757.1 | Nabivach, Bur'yan, et al., 1978 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 760. | Engewald and Wennrich, 1976 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 746. | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 | He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 731.4 | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 | He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 731.4 | Lulova, Leont'eva, et al., 1976 | He; Column length: 120. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Apolane | 70. | 766.8 | Riedo, Fritz, et al., 1976 | He, Chromosorb; Column length: 2.4 m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 60. | 747. | Ryba, 1976 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 60. | 750. | Ryba, 1976 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 80. | 751.68 | Soják and Rijks, 1976 | H2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 756. | Vernon and Edwards, 1975 | N2, DCMS-treated Celite; Column length: 1. m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 110. | 770. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974 | N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 120. | 773. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974 | N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 130. | 776. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974 | N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m |
| Packed | SE-30 | 140. | 778. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974 | N2, Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 130. | 772. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2 | H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 140. | 776. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2 | H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 150. | 778. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2 | H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 160. | 781. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2 | H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 170. | 785. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2 | H2; Column length: 6.1 m; Column diameter: 3.18 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 763. | Mitra, Mohan, et al., 1974, 2 | H2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 745. | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 750. | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 65. | 757.7 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 65. | 757.7 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 65. | 757.7 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 65. | 757.7 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 65. | 757.7 | Svob, Deur-Siftar, et al., 1974 | He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 65. | 757.6 | Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974 | He; Column length: 25.5 m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 758.0 | Svob and Deur-Siftar, 1974 | He; Column length: 10.5 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 755. | Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973 | 25. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 60. | 756. | Pacáková, Hoch, et al., 1973 | 25. m/0.25 mm/1.39 μm, N2 |
| Capillary | Squalane | 120. | 757. | Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972 | N2, Celite 545; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 753. | Agrawal, Tesarík, et al., 1972 | N2, Celite 545; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
| Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 35. | 760. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
| Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 45. | 763. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
| Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 50. | 764. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
| Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 58. | 767. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
| Capillary | Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4) | 68. | 773. | Sidorov, Petrova, et al., 1972 | |
| Packed | Squalane | 50. | 747.0 | Takács, Tálas, et al., 1972 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 3. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 746.8 | Dimov and Schopov, 1971 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | SE-30 | 75. | 759. | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 758. | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 100. | 763. | Wagaman and Smith, 1971 | CH4; Column length: 3. m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 80. | 754.7 | Wallaert, 1971 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 92. | 758. | Krupcík, Liska, et al., 1970 | N2; Column length: 45. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 115. | 761.1 | Krupcík, Liska, et al., 1970 | N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 115. | 760.7 | Soják and Bucinská, 1970 | N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 754.2 | Soják and Bucinská, 1970 | N2; Column length: 200. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 100. | 788. | Brown, Chapman, et al., 1968 | N2, DCMS-treated Chromosorb W; Column length: 2.3 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 27. | 740.6 | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Squalane | 49. | 747. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Squalane | 67. | 751. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Squalane | 86. | 756. | Hively and Hinton, 1968 | He, Chromosorb P; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 100. | 789. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 120. | 796. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 80. | 783. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 10. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 756. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 120. | 763. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 140. | 769. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 80. | 753. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 756.4 | Evans and Smith, 1967 | H2/N2=3/1, Celite; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 756. | Evans and Smith, 1967 | H2/N2=3/1, Celite; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 22. | 738. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 30. | 739. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 40. | 742. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 55. | 750. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 70. | 752. | Evans, 1966 | Untreated celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | DC-200 | 100. | 767. | Rohrschneider, 1966 | Column length: 4. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 757. | Rohrschneider, 1966 | Column length: 5. m |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 100. | 787. | Rohrschneider, 1966 | Column length: 5. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 759. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Ar, Celite; Column length: 1.2 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 750. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Ar, Celite; Column length: 1.2 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 753. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Ar, Celite; Column length: 1.2 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 756. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Ar, Celite; Column length: 1.5 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 747. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Ar, Celite; Column length: 1.5 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 751. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Ar, Celite; Column length: 1.5 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 757. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 748. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 752. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Celite; Column length: 1.8 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 756. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Mixture, Celite; Column length: 1.5 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 748. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Mixture, Celite; Column length: 1.5 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 751. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | Mixture, Celite; Column length: 1.5 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 761. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | He, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 751. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | He, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 755. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | He, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 776. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 768. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 772. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 756. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | He, Celite; Column length: 1. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 748. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | He, Celite; Column length: 1. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 752. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | He, Celite; Column length: 1. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 761. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Sterchamol; Column length: 4. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 751. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Sterchamol; Column length: 4. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 755. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | N2, Sterchamol; Column length: 4. m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 752. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | H2, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 744. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | H2, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 749. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | H2, Celite; Column length: 0.9 m |
| Packed | Squalane | 100. | 758. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | |
| Packed | Squalane | 65. | 749. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 | |
| Packed | Squalane | 78. | 753. | Adlard, Evans, et al., 1965 |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | CBP-1 | 758. | Shimadzu, 2003 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 769. | Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 2. min |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 748. | Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 755. | Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 763. | Ramarathnam, Rubin, et al., 1993 | He, 30. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 3. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.13 mm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 746. | Ramarathnam, Rubin, et al., 1993, 2 | He, 30. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 3. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.13 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 758. | Rembold, Wallner, et al., 1989 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 0. C @ 12. min, 12. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 748. | Hayes and Pitzer, 1982 | 110. m/0.25 mm/0.20 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 764. | Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 765. | Yamaguchi and Shibamoto, 1981 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 70. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Apiezon L | 776. | Louis, 1971 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C |
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | HP-1 | 776. | Wongpornchai, Sriseadka, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C => 2C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 230C(2min) |
| Capillary | DB-5MS | 759. | Maia, Andrade, et al., 2000 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 260C |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH-100 | 752. | Haagen-Smit Laboratory, 1997 | He; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Program: 5C(10min) => 5C/min => 50C(48min) => 1.5C/min => 195C(91min) |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 755. | Hoekman, 1993 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: -40 C for 12 min; -40 - 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 - 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min |
| Packed | Apiezon M | 788.2 | Jalali-Heravi and Garkani-Nejad, 1993 | Chromosorb W; Column length: 2. m; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Squalane | 760. | Papazova and Pankova, 1975 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | ZB-Wax | 100. | 1077.5 | Pérez-Parajón, Santiuste, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | ZB-Wax | 120. | 1088.3 | Pérez-Parajón, Santiuste, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 40. | 1043.09 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 50. | 1049.50 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 60. | 1057.61 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 70. | 1068.53 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 80. | 1076.25 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 90. | 1084.20 | Ciaznska-Halarewicz and Kowalska, 2003 | Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 150. | 1026. | Egazaryants and Maximov, 1998 | He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 150. | 1030. | Egazaryants and Maximov, 1998 | He; Column length: 15. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 80. | 1039.5 | Orav, Kuningas, et al., 1994 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.13 μm, He |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 80. | 1052.3 | Orav, Kuningas, et al., 1994 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.19 μm, He |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 80. | 1054.2 | Orav, Kuningas, et al., 1994 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.22 μm, He |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 60. | 1057. | Castello, Vezzani, et al., 1991 | N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 100. | 1067.04 | Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1985 | |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 110. | 1071.62 | Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1985 | |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 120. | 1076.10 | Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1985 | |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 70. | 1053.89 | Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1985 | |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 80. | 1057.98 | Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1985 | |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 90. | 1062.76 | Podmaniczky, Szepesy, et al., 1985 | |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 70. | 1049.5 | Tóth, 1983 | N2; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 100. | 1068.2 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 110. | 1073.3 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 120. | 1078.4 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 130. | 1083.4 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 140. | 1088.5 | Vernon and Suratman, 1983 | He, A silanized white support; Column length: 2. m |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 75. | 1054. | Goebel, 1982 | N2, Kieselgur (60-100 mesh); Column length: 2. m |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 100. | 1054. | Morishita, Okano, et al., 1980 | Column length: 75. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 150. | 1069.7 | Ellis and Still, 1979 | Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 115. | 1072.9 | Ellis and Still, 1979 | Chromosorb G |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 115. | 1073.4 | Ellis and Still, 1979 | Chromosorb G |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 150. | 1069.7 | Ellis and Still, 1979 | Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 165. | 1090.9 | Ellis and Still, 1979, 2 | Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 100. | 1043.2 | Engewald and Wennrich, 1976 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.23 mm |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 90. | 1027.1 | Döring, Estel, et al., 1974 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
| Packed | PEG-2000 | 150. | 1077. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | PEG-2000 | 152. | 1077. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | PEG-2000 | 180. | 1093. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
| Packed | Polyethylene Glycol 4000 | 100. | 1071. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Polyethylene Glycol 4000 | 120. | 1078. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Polyethylene Glycol 4000 | 140. | 1085. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Polyethylene Glycol 4000 | 80. | 1064. | Bonastre and Grenier, 1967 | Chromosorb P; Column length: 6. m |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 100. | 1066. | Rohrschneider, 1966 | Column length: 2. m |
Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | CBP-20 | 1042. | Shimadzu, 2003 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1037. | Umano, Hagi, et al., 1994 | He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1042. | Wong and Teng, 1994 | He, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1042. | Shimoda and Shibamoto, 1990 | He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 190. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1040. | Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1041. | Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1037. | Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1041. | Tatsuka, Suekane, et al., 1990 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1019. | Nishimura, Yamaguchi, et al., 1989 | 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1038. | Umano and Shibamoto, 1987 | He, 40. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
| Packed | PEG-20M | 1066. | Galt and MacLeod, 1984 | N2, Celite, 70. C @ 9. min, 10. K/min; Column length: 5.5 m; Tend: 175. C |
| Capillary | BP-20 | 1055. | MacLeod and Pieris, 1983 | H2, 65. C @ 3. min, 12. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Tend: 180. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 771. | Engel and Ratel, 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 771. | Methven L., Tsoukka M., et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 260. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 769. | Deport, Ratel, et al., 2006 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 779.2 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 796.8 | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | CP-Sil 8CB-MS | 765. | Elmore, Cooper, et al., 2005 | 0. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 784. | Estevez, Ventanas, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 779. | Insausti, Goñi, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 35. C @ 15. min, 8. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | HP-5MS | 773. | Pino, Mesa, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 784. | Solina, Baumgartner, et al., 2005 | 25. m/0.2 mm/1. μm, He, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C |
| Capillary | CP-Sil 8CB-MS | 769. | Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 775. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 776. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2004, 2 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 755.4 | Censullo, Jones, et al., 2003 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 750. | Flamini, Luigi Cioni, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 760. | Isidorov, Vinogorova, et al., 2003 | 25. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 150. C |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 747.02 | LECO Corporation, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 747.41 | LECO Corporation, 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min |
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 744. | Pino, Almora, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 758.9 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 761.3 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 761.7 | Song, Lai, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 770.8 | Xu, van Stee, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 2.5 K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | BPX-5 | 773. | Bredie, Mottram, et al., 2002 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 766. | Oruna-Concha, Ames, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 776. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 760. | Isidorov, Krajewska, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 752. | Kim, 2001 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | SPB-Sulfur | 756.5 | de Lacy Costello, Evans, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, 40. C @ 12.5 min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 761. | Larráyoz, Addis, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.32 mm/4. μm, He, 45. C @ 13. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 751.5 | Yin, Liu, et al., 2001 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 80. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 130. C |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 771. | Elmore, Mottram, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 760. | Chevance and Farmer, 1999 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 757. | Yassaa, Meklati, et al., 1999 | 25. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | BPX-5 | 777. | Aaslyng, Elmore, et al., 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 742. | Beens, Tijssen, et al., 1998 | 10. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 225. C |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 768. | Verdier-Metz., Coulon, et al., 1998 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 756. | Li, Wang, et al., 1998 | H2, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 756. | Li, Wang, et al., 1998 | H2, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 762.9 | Kivi-Etelätalo, Kostiainen, et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | PONA | 746.5 | Martos, Saraullo, et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min |
| Capillary | PONA | 747.1 | Martos, Saraullo, et al., 1997 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 0.5 min, 1. K/min, 220. C @ 8. min |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 750.1 | Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996 | 8. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 300. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 753.2 | Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, 6. K/min; Tstart: -50. C; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 767.6 | Helmig, Pollock, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.33 mm/0.25 μm, 6. K/min; Tstart: -50. C; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 758.9 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 761.3 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 761.7 | Lai and Song, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 6. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 310. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 751. | Specht and Baltes, 1994 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 748.39 | Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 749.03 | Subramaniam, Bochniak, et al., 1994 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | HP-101 | 762. | Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993 | N2, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 751. | Olson, Sinkevitch, et al., 1992 | 4. K/min; Tstart: -40. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 754. | Peng, Hua, et al., 1992 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1.5 μm, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 748.65 | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 749. | White, Douglas, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 749. | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Packed | SE-30 | 775. | Fischer and Kusch, 1990 | Chromosorb W AW (80-100 mesh), 5. K/min; Column length: 1.5 m; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 759. | Morinaga, Hara, et al., 1990 | 15. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 90. C |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 756.8 | Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987 | N2, 10. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 753.4 | Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 30. C |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 752.8 | Bangjie, Xijian, et al., 1987 | N2, 30. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 763. | Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 40. min |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 763. | Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 40. min |
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 746.99 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 749.29 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-1 | 750.81 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-2 | 761.89 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-2 | 764.46 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-2 | 766.26 | Haynes and Pitzer, 1985 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.33 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: -30. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Packed | SE-30 | 764. | Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984 | He, Chromosorb AW, 40. C @ 10. min, 10. K/min, 210. C @ 30. min; Column length: 3.05 m |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 755.27 | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1983 | 35. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 754.08 | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1983 | 35. C @ 5. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 752. | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1982 | 24. m/0.3 mm/1.1 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 751.88 | Knoppel, de Bortoli, et al., 1982 | 30. m/0.3 mm/1.1 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 748. | Hayes and Pitzer, 1981 | 108. m/0.25 mm/0.2 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Packed | OV-101 | 730. | Nixon, Wong, et al., 1979 | Gas-Chrom Q, 2. K/min; Column length: 2.5 m; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 754. | Schreyen, Dirinck, et al., 1976 | 1. K/min; Column length: 183. m; Column diameter: 0.762 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Packed | SE-30 | 781. | Haken and McKay, 1966 | He, Celite 560, 20. K/min; Column length: 3.0 m; Tstart: 100. C; Tend: 250. C |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | DB-5 | 762. | Moon, Cliff, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 3C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 260C(2min) |
| Capillary | HP-5MS | 762. | Bonaiti, Irlinger, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 5C(8min) => 3C/min => 20C => 10C/min => 150C(10min) |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 762. | Engel, Baty, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 5C(5min) => 3C/min => 20C => 5C/min => 100C 15C/min => 150C (5min) |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 768. | Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min) |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 771. | Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 778. | Parker, Hassell, et al., 2000 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: oC(5min) => 60C/min => 60C (5min) => 4C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 754. | Peng, 2000 | 15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 8C/min => 200(1min) => 5C/min => 300C(25min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 756. | Boulanger, Chassagne, et al., 1999 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C(15min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 770. | Boulanger, Chassagne, et al., 1999 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 40C(5min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C(15min) |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 765.30 | Hassoun, Pilling, et al., 1999 | 50. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C(2min) => 49.9C/min => 35C(10min) => 3C/min => 200C(2min) => 40C/min => 240C(30min) |
| Capillary | BPX-5 | 771. | Bredie, Mottram, et al., 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: OC (5min) => 60C/min => 60C(5min) => 4C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 760. | Li, Wang, et al., 1998 | H2; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 751. | Mattinen, Tuominen, et al., 1995 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 210C(30min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 761. | Beal and Mottram, 1994 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: 5 0C (0.5 min) -> (1 min) 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 250 0C |
| Capillary | HP-PONA | 744. | Maignial, Pibarot, et al., 1992 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm; Program: 20C(0.5min) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 250C |
| Packed | SE-30 | 764. | Peng, Ding, et al., 1988 | Supelcoport; Chromosorb; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: 40C(5min) => 10C/min => 200C or 250C (60min) |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1036. | Fernandez-Segovia, Escriche, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 10. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1027. | Mahadevan and Farmer, 2006 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1034. | Alasalvar, Taylor, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 203. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1017. | Chung, Fung, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 6. K/min, 195. C @ 60. min |
| Capillary | Stabilwax | 1029. | Cros, Lignot, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1046. | Elmore, Nisyrios, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1075. | Malliaa, Fernandez-Garcia, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 45. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1073. | Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1033. | Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | ZB-Wax | 1014. | Ledauphin, Saint-Clair, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | Carbowax | 1056. | Censullo, Jones, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 50. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | Stabilwax | 1029. | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | AT-Wax | 1028. | Pino, Almora, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1041. | Chung, Yung, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1041. | Chung, Yung, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1033. | Kim, 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1040. | Liu, Yang, et al., 2001 | H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1039. | Shimoda, Yoshimura, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1033. | Verzera, Campisi, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 45. C @ 0.17 min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1040. | Le Guen, Prost, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1043. | Peng, 2000 | 15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | HP-Wax | 1049. | Peng, 2000 | 15. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1031. | Chevance and Farmer, 1999 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1024. | Chevance and Farmer, 1999, 2 | 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1041. | Chung, 1999 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1033. | Cha, Kim, et al., 1998 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min |
| Capillary | FFAP | 1044. | Ott, Fay, et al., 1997 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 20. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 1. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1058. | Shimoda, Peralta, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1042. | Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1040. | Shimoda, Wu, et al., 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1028. | Shimoda, Shigematsu, et al., 1995 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1039. | Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1994 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1036. | Iwaoka, Hagi, et al., 1994 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1049. | Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1040. | Sumitani, Suekane, et al., 1994 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1037. | Chung and Cadwallader, 1993 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min |
| Capillary | HP-20M | 1042. | Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993 | He, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 190. C |
| Capillary | HP-FFAP | 1070. | Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993 | He, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1035. | Shiratsuchi, Shimoda, et al., 1993 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1051. | Peng, Hua, et al., 1992 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 4. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1019. | Wu and Liou, 1992 | H2, 50. C @ 10. min, 1.5 K/min, 200. C @ 80. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1015. | Suárez and Duque, 1991 | 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1025. | Suárez and Duque, 1991 | 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1042. | Matiella and Hsieh, 1990 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1040. | Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1043. | Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 1989 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | CP-WAX 57CB | 1022. | Baltes and Mevissen, 1988 | He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm; Tend: 210. C |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1027. | Chen and Ho, 1988 | He, 1.5 K/min, 225. C @ 80. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C |
| Packed | Carbowax 20M | 1061. | Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984 | He, Supelcoport, 40. C @ 10. min, 10. K/min, 210. C @ 30. min; Column length: 3.05 m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1035. | Bianchi, Cantoni, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 220C(1min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1040. | Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1043. | Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1035. | Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1035. | Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1035. | Bianchi, Careri, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
| Capillary | FFAP | 1058. | Ranau, Kleeberg, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(3min) => 3C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 220C(13.5min) |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1047. | Verzera, Ziino, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 10C/min => 80C => 2C/min => 240C |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1038. | Alasalvar, Shahidi, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 5C/min => 60C => 2.5C/min => 155C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1034. | Boulanger and Crouzet, 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 60C (3min) => 2C/min => 220C => 5C/min => 250C (15min) |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1033. | Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1050. | Maignial, Pibarot, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(0.5min) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 105. | 766. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 75. | 760. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 90. | 763. | Tello, Lebron-Aguilar, et al., 2009 | |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 100. | 766. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 | |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 120. | 771. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 | |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 140. | 776. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 | |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 80. | 761. | Lebrón-Aguilar, Quintanilla-López, et al., 2007 | |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 120. | 772. | Chen and Feng, 2006 | |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 60. | 757. | Shimadzu, 2003, 2 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 40. | 754. | Li and Deng, 1998 | N2; Column length: 51. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 764. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995 | 50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995 | 50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995 | 50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995 | 50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 767. | Gerasimenko and Nabivach, 1995 | 50. m/0.30 mm/0.26 μm, Nitrogen |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 757. | Berezkin, 1993 | |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 763. | Berezkin, 1993 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Tian, 1993 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 100. | 766. | Tian, 1993 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 120. | 770. | Tian, 1993 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 120. | 772. | Tian, 1993 | Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 102. | 760. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 106. | 760. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 110. | 762. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 114. | 763. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 94. | 758. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 98. | 758. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 98. | 759. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 70. | 769. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 74. | 771. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 74. | 771. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 78. | 772. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 82. | 773. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 86. | 774. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 90. | 776. | Wang, Deng, et al., 1992 | N2; Column length: 23. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 50. | 745. | N/A | N2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 50. | 754. | Wu and Lu, 1984 | |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 70. | 758. | Wu and Lu, 1984 | |
| Capillary | E-301 | 100. | 770. | Bermejo, Moinelo, et al., 1980 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 100. | 760. | Bermejo, Moinelo, et al., 1980 | N2; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | Squalane | 95.4 | 746. | Sojak and Vigdergauz, 1978 | H2 |
| Capillary | Squalane | 110. | 759. | Papazova and Pankova, 1975 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 100. | 792. | Kavan, 1973 | Column length: 3.2 m |
| Capillary | Squalane | 86. | 743. | Vigdergauz and Martynov, 1971 | He; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.35 mm |
| Packed | DC-400 | 150. | 769. | Anderson, 1968 | Helium, Gas-Pak (60-80 mesh); Column length: 3.0 m |
| Packed | Polydimethyl siloxane | 110. | 768. | Ferrand, 1962 |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB | 756. | Bramston-Cook, 2013 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min |
| Capillary | Optima-5 MS | 759. | Goeminne, Vandendriessche, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 3. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 MS | 757. | Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 15. min |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 751. | Supelco, 2012 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 762. | Czerny, Brueckner, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | VF-5 MS | 763. | Leffingwell and Alford, 2011 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C |
| Capillary | VF-5 MS | 769. | Leffingwell and Alford, 2011 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min; Tstart: 30. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-ALLOY-5 | 765. | Tsuge, Ohtan, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 20. K/min, 320. C @ 13. min |
| Capillary | Ultra-ALLOY-5 | 766. | Tsuge, Ohtan, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 20. K/min, 320. C @ 13. min |
| Capillary | ZB-5 | 766. | Harrison and Priest, 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 6. K/min, 280. C @ 9. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 MS | 759. | Kim and Chung, 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 771. | Sivadier, Ratel, et al., 2009 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.00 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 757. | Frerot, Velluz, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 773. | Mildner-Szkudlarz and Jelen, 2008 | 10. m/0.10 mm/0.40 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 280. C @ 1. min |
| Capillary | VF-5MS | 758. | Ghiasvand, Setkova, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 7. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 770. | Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 770. | Vasta, Ratel, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 753. | Berlioz, Cordella, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 60. C |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 746. | Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 746. | Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 750. | Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 750. | Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006, 2 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 120. min; Tstart: 60. C |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 750. | Castel, Fernandez, et al., 2006, 2 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 MS | 756. | Schirack, Drake, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | Petrocol DH | 756. | Sojak, Kubinec, et al., 2006 | 150. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 300. C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 766.1 | Leffingwell and Alford, 2005 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min |
| Capillary | MDN-5 | 766. | van Loon, Linssen, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 773. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 753. | Cavalli, Fernandez, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, N2, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 60. C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 776. | Kilic, Hafizoglu, et al., 2004 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 260. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 745. | Park, Lee, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 748. | Park, Lee, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 25. min |
| Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 772. | Ramírez, Estévez, et al., 2004 | 0. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 771. | Butrym and Hartman, 2003 | 60. m/0.53 mm/0.5 μm, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: -20. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 764. | Dhanda, Pegg, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 4. min |
| Capillary | MDN-5 | 773. | Mildner-Szkudlarz, Jelen, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 20. K/min, 280. C @ 1. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 773. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 60. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 768. | Sebastian, Viallon-Fernandez, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 741. | Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 742. | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 766. | Hussam, Alauddin, et al., 2002 | 15. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 2. min; Tstart: 40. C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 761. | Isidorov and Jdanova, 2002 | 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 776. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2002, 2 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 769. | Poligné, Collignan, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 770. | García, Martín, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 761. | Health Safety Executive, 2000 | 50. m/0.22 mm/0.75 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-5MS | 753.2 | Shoenmakers, Oomen, et al., 2000 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 751.13 | Baraldi, Rapparini, et al., 1999 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 10. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 770. | Jung, Wichmann, et al., 1999 | 25. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 769. | Meynier, Novelli, et al., 1999 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 753. | Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999 | 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 160. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 754. | Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999, 2 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 756. | Ding, Deng, et al., 1998 | 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 779. | Huang, Liang, et al., 1996 | 36. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 5. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 752. | Guan, Li, et al., 1995 | 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 771.2 | Wang and Fingas, 1995 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 2. min, 10. K/min, 300. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | SP-2100 | 744. | Fischer and Kusch, 1993 | He, 40. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 280. C |
| Capillary | Ultra-2 | 750. | King, Hamilton, et al., 1993 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 765. | Moio, Dekimpe, et al., 1993 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 765. | Moio, Dekimpe, et al., 1993 | 30. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 748. | Shiota, 1993 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 752. | Shiota, 1993 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 756. | Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He, 30. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 743. | Guan, Zheng, et al., 1992 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, H2, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 746. | Guan, Zheng, et al., 1992 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, H2, 2. K/min; Tstart: 35. C |
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 746. | Hartgers, Damste, et al., 1992 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.45 μm, He, 0. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 320. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 771. | Berdague, Denoyer, et al., 1991 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 774. | Lee, Macku, et al., 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 774. | Macku and Shibamoto, 1991 | He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 160. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 752. | Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 1991 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 752. | Shiota, 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 756. | Shiota, 1991 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 756. | Zenkevich and Ventura, 1991 | Helium, 50. C @ 0. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 0. min; Column length: 54. m; Column diameter: 0.26 mm |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 764. | Spadone, Takeoka, et al., 1990 | H2, 16. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 748. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 748. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 749. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 753. | Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 1989 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 760. | Sugisawa, Yang, et al., 1989 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 765. | Sugisawa, Yang, et al., 1989 | N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 748.7 | Durand, Boscher, et al., 1987 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.52 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 1.1 K/min; Tend: 150. C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 752. | Habu, Flath, et al., 1985 | 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 750. | Hackett, Gibbon, et al., 1985 | He, 20. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 16. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 748. | del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984 | He, 0. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tend: 225. C |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 748. | Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981 | 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Tend: 170. C |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 748. | Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981, 2 | He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Tend: 170. C |
| Packed | Apiezon L | 734. | Dahlmann, Köser, et al., 1979 | Chromosorb G-AW-DMCS, 10. K/min; Column length: 2. m; Tstart: 25. C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 753. | Schreyen, Dirinck, et al., 1979 | N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 183. m; Column diameter: 0.762 mm; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | SF-96 | 761. | Donetzhuber, Johansson, et al., 1976 | Nitrogen, 3. K/min, 130. C @ 40. min; Column length: 111. m; Column diameter: 0.76 mm; Initial hold: 8. min |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | HP-5 MS | 760. | Kotowska, Zalikowski, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 771. | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 776. | Robinson, Adams, et al., 2012 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | VF-5 | 764. | Shivashankar, Roy, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 3 0C/min -> 200 0C (3 min) 10 0C/min -> 220 0C (8 min) |
| Capillary | VF-5 | 759. | Shivashankar, Roy, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 756. | Delort and Jaquier, 2009 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 50 0C (5 min) 3 0C/min -> 120 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) 15 0C/min -> 300 0C (20 min) |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 772. | Pugliese, Sirtori, et al., 2009 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 761. | Rotsatschakul, Visesanguan, et al., 2009 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (2 min) 2 0Cmin -> 60 0C 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 20 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (10 min) |
| Capillary | CP-Sil 5 Cb | 746. | Collin, Nizet, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.20 μm, Nitrogen; Program: 40 0C 20 0C/min -> 85 0C 1 0C/min -> 145 0C 3 0C/min -> 250 0C (30 min) |
| Capillary | Nonpolar | 750. | Staples and Zeiger, 2008 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 769. | Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min) |
| Capillary | HP-5 MS | 764. | Xie, Sun, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 220 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 763. | Zhao, Li, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 7 oC/min -> 160 0C 9 0C/min -> 200 0C 20 0C/min -> 280 0C (10 min) |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 770. | Zhao, Li, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 746. | Barra, Baldovini, et al., 2007 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 2C/min => 200C => 15C/min => 250C (30min) |
| Capillary | HP-5 MS | 765. | Chuang, Lee, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 50 0C (15 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C (10 min) 2 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 MS | 776. | Liu, Xu, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 6 0C/min -> 100 0C 4 0C/min -> 180 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C (12 min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 756. | Pellicer, 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 767. | Pellicer, 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 772. | Ebrahimi and Hadjmohammadi, 2006 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 780. | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 773. | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 780. | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | RTX-5 | 780. | Ádámová, Orinák, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | HP-5MS | 766. | Alissandrakis, Kibaris, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 2C/min => 180C => 10C/min => 250C(5min) |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 759. | Blunden, Aneja, et al., 2005 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: -50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (7.75 min) 25 0C -> 225 0C (8 min) |
| Capillary | CP-Sil5 CB MS | 746. | Iraqi, Vermeulen, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C(2min) => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C(30min) |
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane with 5 % Ph groups | 776. | Pino, Marbot, et al., 2005, 2 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 774. | Riu-Aumatell, Lopez-Tamames, et al., 2005 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | HP-5MS | 769. | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | HP-1 | 753. | Carpino, Mallia, et al., 2004 | 12. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm; Program: 35C(3min) => 6C/min => 190C => 30C/min => 225C |
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 752. | Counet, Ouwerx, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C(30min) |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 772. | Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 772. | Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 2 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min) |
| Capillary | SPB-5 | 766. | Begnaud, Pérès, et al., 2003 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Polymethylsiloxane, (PMS-20000) | 760. | Cornwell and Cordano, 2003 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 767. | Counet, Callemien, et al., 2002 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C=3C/min => 250C(30min) |
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 772. | Counet, Callemien, et al., 2002 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm; Program: 36C => 20C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C=3C/min => 250C(30min) |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 770. | Jordán, Margaría, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C (6min) => 2.5C/min => 150C => 90C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | Methyl phenyl siloxane (not specified) | 769. | Poligne, Collignan, et al., 2002 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | BP-1 | 744.20 | Cooke, Hassoun, et al., 2001 | 50. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: -50C => 49.9C/min => 5C(3min) => 3C/min => 50C => 5C/min => 220C(20 min) |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 766. | Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-5 MS | 780. | Luo and Agnew, 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-101 | 766. | Zhu and Wang, 2001 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 756. | Zhu and Wang, 2001 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | BPX-5 | 769. | Madruga, Arruda, et al., 2000 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 20 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min) |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 751. | Spieksma, 1999 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 755. | Zhu and He, 1999 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 756. | Zhu and He, 1999 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 771. | Zhu and He, 1999 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 773. | Zhu and He, 1999 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 756. | Ding, Deng, et al., 1998 | Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 760. | Ding, Deng, et al., 1998 | Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | CP Sil 5 CB | 751. | Guyot, Bouseta, et al., 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.2 μm, He; Program: 30C => 55C/min => 85C => 1C/min => 145C => 3C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 778. | Timón, Ventanas, et al., 1998 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 35 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min) 5 0C/min -> 230 0C (50 min) |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 763. | Flanagan, Streete, et al., 1997 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5. μm, He; Program: 40C(6min) => 5C/min => 80C => 10C/min => 200C |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 760. | Zenkevich and Tsibulskaya, 1997 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 770. | Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 1996 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min) |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 768. | Mateo and Zumalacárregui, 1996 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C (10min) => 3C/min => 95C => 10C/min => 270C (10min) |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 764. | Peng, 1996 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1.5 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C (1 min) 5 0C/min -> 280 0C (20 min) |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 760. | Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 766. | Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 760. | Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxanes | 760. | Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 765. | Sorimachi, Tanabe, et al., 1995 | He; Column length: 30. m; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 752. | Xu, Chu, et al., 1995 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 760. | Zenkevich, 1995 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 749. | Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 758. | Schuberth, 1994 | 30. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He; Program: 40C (4min) => 10C/min => 200C => 50C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 749. | Ciccioli, Brancaleoni, et al., 1993 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 3 min at 5 C; 5 - 50 C at 3 deg/min; 50 - 220 C at 5 deg/min |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 763. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (6 min) 5 0C/min -> 80 0C 10 0C/min -> 200 0C |
| Capillary | SPB-1 | 768. | Strete, Ruprah, et al., 1992 | 60. m/0.53 mm/5.0 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-54 | 763. | Um, Bailey, et al., 1992 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 35 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 200 0C 2 0C/min -> 250 0C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 760.7 | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1) 1st 30m column temp ramp 4C/min 60-120C 2)2nd 30m column isothermal 100C |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 768.5 | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1) 1st 30m column temp ramp 4C/min 60-120C. 2) 2nd 30m column isothermal 120C. |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 769. | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1) 1st 30m column temp ramp 6C/min 60-120C. 2) 2nd 30m column isothermal 120C. |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 768. | Engewald and Maurer, 1990 | Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 1)1st 30m column temp ramp 3C/min 60-120 2)2nd 30m column isothermal 120C |
| Capillary | Squalane | 757.6 | Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | CP Sil 8 CB | 771. | Weller and Wolf, 1989 | 40. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30 0C (1 min) 15 0C/min -> 45 0C 3 0C/min -> 120 0C |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 766. | Ibrahim and Suffet, 1988 | N2; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: 50C(8min) => 3C/min => 150C => 35C/min => 275C (10min) |
| Capillary | methyl silicone oil with 5% Igepal | 751. | Schultz, Flath, et al., 1988 | Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | methyl silicone oil with 5% Igepal | 755. | Schultz, Flath, et al., 1988 | Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 739. | Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | DB-1 | 748. | Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2; Program: 30C (2min) => 2C/min => 150C => 4C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 763. | P'yanova, Zvereva, et al., 1987 | Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-52 | 771. | van Langenhove and Schamp, 1986 | Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.50 mm; Program: not specified |
| Packed | SE-30 | 764. | Buchman, Cao, et al., 1984 | He, Chromosorb AW; Column length: 3.05 m; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 734. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 745. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 748. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 751. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 752. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 753. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 761. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 764. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc. | 767. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | OV-1 | 756. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SE-30 | 749. | Heydanek and McGorrin, 1981, 2 | He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Program: -10C (8min) => 12C/min => 26C => 3C/min => 170C (30min) |
| Packed | SE-30 | 770. | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | N2, Chromosorb W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C910min) => 20C/min => 90(6min) => 10C/min => 150C(hold) |
| Packed | Squalane | 755. | Robinson and Odell, 1971 | N2, Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min => 35 => 4C/min => 95C(hold) |
| Packed | SE-30 | 770. | Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2 | Chrom W; Column length: 6.1 m; Program: 50C(10min) => 20C/min(2min) => 90C(6min) => 10C/min(6min) => (hold at 150C) |
| Packed | Squalane | 755. | Robinson and Odell, 1971, 2 | Embacel; Column length: 3.0 m; Program: 25C(5min) => 2C/min(5min) => 4C/min(15min) => (hold at 95C) |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, isothermal
| Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 100. | 1073. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 120. | 1083. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 60. | 1052. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 80. | 1062. | Sun, Siepmann, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 60. | 1065. | Shimadzu, 2003, 2 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He |
| Capillary | PEG-40M | 100. | 1056. | Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000 | Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | PEG-40M | 100. | 1058. | Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000 | Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | PEG-40M | 120. | 1068. | Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000 | Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | PEG-40M | 140. | 1077. | Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000 | Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | PEG-40M | 60. | 1041. | Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000 | Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | PEG-40M | 80. | 1048. | Nesterov, Nesterova, et al., 2000 | Column length: 50. m |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 90. | 1027. | Sutter, Peterson, et al., 1997 | |
| Packed | PEG | 100. | 1038. | Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990 | Phasesep W (10 %) |
| Packed | PEG | 100. | 1070. | Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990 | Phasesep W (10 %) |
| Packed | PEG | 100. | 1093. | Dowling, Evans, et al., 1990 | Phasesep W (10 %) |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | CP-Wax CB | 1028. | Alves, da Penha, et al., 2012 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 150. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 50. C |
| Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1022. | Puvipirom and Chaisei, 2012 | 15. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1059. | Shimadzu, 2012 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C |
| Capillary | DB-FFAP | 1040. | Czerny, Brueckner, et al., 2011 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 230. C @ 5. min |
| Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1061. | Soria, Sanz, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.20 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min |
| Capillary | Stabilwax | 1029. | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | FFAP | 1047. | Nebesny, Budryn, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 320. C @ 45. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1051. | Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1043. | Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1051. | Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1051. | Povolo, Contarini, et al., 2007 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1027. | Schirack, Drake, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1026. | de la Fuente, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2005 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1065. | Chida, Sone, et al., 2004 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1041. | Jiang and Kubota, 2004 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1020. | Soria, Gonzalez, et al., 2004 | 50. m/0.2 mm/0.2 μm, He, 45. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 190. C @ 50. min |
| Capillary | Stabilwax | 1029. | Cros, Vandanjon, et al., 2003, 2 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1059. | Shimadzu Corporation, 2003 | 30. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1034. | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1037. | Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1030. | Vichi, Castellote, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1026. | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2003 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | RTX-Wax | 1059. | Galindo-Cuspinera, Lubran, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 180. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1017. | Osorio, Duque, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1019. | Osorio, Duque, et al., 2002 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 20. min |
| Capillary | HP-Wax | 1040. | Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 2002 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1031. | Duque, Bonilla, et al., 2001 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Tstart: 25. C |
| Capillary | HP-Wax | 1040. | Sanz, Ansorena, et al., 2001 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1055. | Franco and Shibamoto, 2000 | He, 50. C @ 8. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1041. | Girard and Durance, 2000 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1037. | Umano, Hagi, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1031. | Hwan and Chou, 1999 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.22 μm, H2, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 190. C @ 21. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1036. | Umano, Nakahara, et al., 1999 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 1011. | Ding, Deng, et al., 1998 | 2. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1029. | Horiuchi, Umano, et al., 1998 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 50. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1043. | Mölleken, Sinnwell, et al., 1998 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | TC-Wax | 1038. | Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 1996 | 80. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 240. C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1060. | Girard and Lau, 1995 | 90. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 20. min, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1038. | Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995 | He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1047. | Chung, Eiserich, et al., 1993, 2 | 60. C @ 4. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 220. C |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1017. | Kawakami, Kobayashi, et al., 1993 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1035. | Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 1993 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 230. C |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1024. | Herain, MRAVEC, et al., 1991 | 70. C @ 21. min, 5. K/min, 150. C @ 999. min |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1017. | Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991 | He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1035. | Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1035. | Takeoka, Flath, et al., 1988 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C |
| Capillary | BP-20 | 1055. | MacLeod and Snyder, 1985 | 70. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tend: 180. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | Supelco CO Wax-10 | 1039. | Prompona, Kandylis, et al., 2012 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 35 0C (6 min) 2 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 25 0C/min -> 250 0C (6 min) |
| Capillary | Supelco CO Wax-10 | 1040. | Prompona, Kandylis, et al., 2012 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | SOLGel-Wax | 1042. | Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 2011 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 5 0C/min -> 140 0C 10 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min) |
| Capillary | SOLGel-Wax | 1040. | Johanningsmeier and McFeeters, 2011 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1069. | Kadar, Juan-Borras, et al., 2010 | 60. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 4 0C/min -> 190 0C (11 min) 8 0C/min -> 220 0C (8 min) |
| Capillary | Supelko CO Wax | 1043. | Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium |
| Capillary | Supelko CO Wax | 1026. | Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min) |
| Capillary | Supelko CO Wax | 1030. | Vekiari, Orepoulou, et al., 2010 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | BP-20 | 1081. | Rodrigues, Caldera, et al., 2008 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (1 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C (2 min) 1.7 0C/min -> 180 0C (1 min) 25 0C/min -> 220 0C (10 min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax 10 | 1061. | Soria, Martinez-Castro, et al., 2008 | 50. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 45 0C (15 min) 3 0C/min -> 75 0C 5 0C/min -> 180 0C (10 min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1040. | Berard, Bianchi, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 6C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1043. | Berard, Bianchi, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 6C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min) |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1043. | Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 44 0C 3 0C/min -> 170 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1042. | Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | HP-Innowax | 1026. | Narain, Galvao, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 30 0C (5 min) 5 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) 1 0C/min -> 130 0C 10 0C/min -> 195 0C (45 min) |
| Capillary | BP-20 | 1023. | Pontes, Marques, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(1min) => 2.5C/min => 100C => 2C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 220C |
| Capillary | BP-20 | 1023. | Pontes, Marques, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(1min) => 2.5C/min => 100C => 2C/min => 180C => 15C/min => 220C |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1043. | Vichi, Guadayol, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C(5min) |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1033. | Editorial paper, 2005 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1036. | Editorial paper, 2005 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Supelcowax-10 | 1023. | Vichi, Pizzale, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C(3min) => 4C/min => 75C => 8C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1050. | Cornwell and Cordano, 2003 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1027. | Ivanciuc, Ivanciuc, et al., 2001 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1043. | Piveteau, le Guen, et al., 2000 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(6min) => 1C/min => 130C => 10C/min => 240C (15min) |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 1012. | Ding, Deng, et al., 1998 | Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Supelcowax 10 | 1034. | Castioni and Kapetanidis, 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (10 min) 2 0C/min -> 80 0C 3 0C/min -> 100 0C 4 0C/min -> 220 0C (30 min) |
| Capillary | Supelcowax 10 | 1047. | Castioni and Kapetanidis, 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Supelcowax 10 | 1058. | Castioni and Kapetanidis, 1996 | 60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1051. | Peng, 1996 | 30. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm; Program: 40 0C (4 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C (20 min) |
| Capillary | PEG-20M | 1050. | Xiuhua, Zhang, et al., 1996 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | CP Wax 52 CB | 1031. | Patterson and Stevenson, 1995 | 50. m/0.32 mm/0.20 μm; Program: 50 0C (10 min) 2 0C/min -> 100 0C 5 0C/min -> 150 0C 7 0C/min -> 220 0C (20 min) |
| Capillary | CP-Wax 52CB | 1032. | Luning, de Rijk, et al., 1994 | 50. m/0.32 mm/1.5 μm; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 250C |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1043. | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | DB-Wax | 1051. | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1032. | Dimov and Mekenyan, 1989 | Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Superox 0.6; Carbowax 20M | 1027. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Carbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc. | 1027. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Carbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc. | 1037. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Carbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc. | 1054. | Waggott and Davies, 1984 | Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified |
| Capillary | Carbowax 20M | 1035. | Ramsey and Flanagan, 1982 | Program: not specified |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | HP-5 | 106.1 | Wang, Hou, et al., 2007 | 30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
| Capillary | HP-5 | 106.1 | Shao, Wang, et al., 2006 | 30. m/0.3 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min |
| Capillary | HT-5 | 112.43 | Williams and Williams, 1998 | 40. C @ 8. min, 5. K/min, 400. C @ 20. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm |
| Capillary | DB-5 | 112.62 | Williams and Horne, 1995 | He, 60. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Tend: 270. C |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
| Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capillary | HP-5MS | 111.93 | Cheng, Liu, et al., 2005 | 30. m/0.30 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50 0C (2 min) 8 0C/min -> 120 0C (3 min) 10 0C/min -> 230 0C |
References
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
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Notes
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- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy T Temperature ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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