Benzene, bromo-

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Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δfliquid14.0kcal/molCmHolm, 1973Grignard Rx; ALS
Δfliquid14.55 ± 0.99kcal/molCmChernick, Skinner, et al., 1956Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = 14.1 kcal/mol; ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δcliquid-743.75 ± 0.16kcal/molCcbSmith and Bjellerup, 1947ALS
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
liquid5239.5cal/mol*KN/AMasi and Scott, 1975DH
liquid49.69cal/mol*KN/AStull, 1937Extrapolation below 91 K, 55.86 J/mol*K.; DH

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
37.26303.15Reddy, 1986T = 303.15, 313.15 K.; DH
36.876298.15Masi and Scott, 1975T = 11 to 300 K.; DH
37.139298.1Stull, 1937T = 90 to 320 K.; DH
34.80302.6de Kolossowsky and Udowenko, 1934DH
34.80302.6Kolosovskii and Udovenko, 1934DH
30.50231.7Andrews and Haworth, 1928T = 101 to 232 K. Value is unsmoothed experimental datum.; DH
36.21293.2Williams and Daniels, 1925T = 20 to 80°C.; DH
36.09298.von Reis, 1881T = 291 to 444 K.; DH

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil429.1 ± 0.6KAVGN/AAverage of 27 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus242.4 ± 0.3KAVGN/AAverage of 9 values; Individual data points
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Ttriple242.42KN/AMarsh, 1987Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; recommended as fixed point for thermometry; TRC
Ttriple242.400KN/AMasi and Scott, 1975, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.01 K; TRC
Ttriple242.4KN/AStull, 1937, 2Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap10.65kcal/molN/AMajer and Svoboda, 1985 
Δvap10.7kcal/molN/ABoublik, Fried, et al., 1984Based on data from 330. to 430. K. See also Basarová and Svoboda, 1991.; AC
Δvap10.6 ± 0.02kcal/molCWadsö, Luoma, et al., 1968AC
Δvap10.65 ± 0.01kcal/molCWadso, 1968ALS
Δvap9.05 ± 0.008kcal/molVMathews, 1926ALS

Reduced pressure boiling point

Tboil (K) Pressure (atm) Reference Comment
300.90.007Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
10.1348.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 333. to 463. K. See also Dykyj, 1972.; AC
10.5293.CMasi and Scott, 1975, 3AC
10.1344.N/ADreyer, Martin, et al., 1955Based on data from 329. to 427. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

View plot Requires a JavaScript / HTML 5 canvas capable browser.

Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
329.22 to 427.394.066311495.044-61.508Dreyer, Martin, et al., 1955Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.5578242.40Masi and Scott, 1975DH
2.56242.4Domalski and Hearing, 1996AC
2.5399242.43Stull, 1937DH

Entropy of fusion

ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
10.55242.40Masi and Scott, 1975DH
10.48242.43Stull, 1937DH

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

kH(T) = H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

H (mol/(kg*bar)) d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) Method Reference Comment
0.545300.MN/A 
0.535400.XN/A 
0.47 QN/A missing citation give several references for the Henry's law constants but don't assign them to specific species.
0.48 LN/A 
0.41 MN/A 
0.48 VN/A 

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C6H5Br+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
IE (evaluated)9.00 ± 0.03eVN/AN/AL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)180.2kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity173.5kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
9.00PEFujisawa, Ohno, et al., 1986LBLHLM
8.998PEVon Niessen, Asbrink, et al., 1982LBLHLM
9.02PEKimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981LLK
9.05 ± 0.02PEMohraz, Maier, et al., 1980LLK
8.98 ± 0.02EQLias and Ausloos, 1978LLK
8.98PEBehan, Johnstone, et al., 1976LLK
9.45EIBaldwin, Loudon, et al., 1976LLK
8.97 ± 0.02PIPECOBaer, Tsai, et al., 1976LLK
8.99PESergeev, Akopyan, et al., 1970RDSH
9.03 ± 0.01PISergeev, Akopyan, et al., 1970RDSH
8.98 ± 0.03EIJohnstone, Mellon, et al., 1970RDSH
8.950PIMomigny, Goffart, et al., 1968RDSH
8.98 ± 0.02PIWatanabe, 1957RDSH
8.99PEKlasinc, Kovac, et al., 1983Vertical value; LBLHLM
9.041PEPotts, Lyus, et al., 1980Vertical value; LLK
9.05PESell and Kupperman, 1978Vertical value; LLK
8.99 ± 0.03PECvitas and Klasinc, 1977Vertical value; LLK
9.00PEStreets and Ceasar, 1973Vertical value; LLK

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C4H4+16.8 ± 0.1?EIMomigny, 1959RDSH
C6H4+14.2 ± 0.2HBrEIMomigny, 1959RDSH
C6H5+11.74 ± 0.07BrPIMalinovich, Arakawa, et al., 1985LBLHLM
C6H5+11.79 ± 0.09BrPIDunbar and Honovich, 1984LBLHLM
C6H5+12.04 ± 0.05BrEIBurgers and Holmes, 1984LBLHLM
C6H5+12.2 ± 0.1BrEIBurgers and Holmes, 1982LBLHLM
C6H5+11.7 ± 0.4BrPIPECORosenstock, Stockbauer, et al., 1980LLK
C6H5+12.10BrPIPECOBaer, Tsai, et al., 1976LLK
C6H5+11.82BrEIJohnstone and Mellon, 1972LLK
C6H5+11.75 ± 0.05BrPISergeev, Akopyan, et al., 1970RDSH
C6H5+12.02BrEIHowe and Williams, 1969RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C6H4Br- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, bromo-

By formula: C6H4Br- + H+ = C6H5Br

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr387.2 ± 2.5kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Δr384.0 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSLinnert and Riveros, 1994gas phase; Acidity between quinoline and benzonitrile; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr379.0 ± 2.6kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Δr375.8 ± 2.0kcal/molIMRBLinnert and Riveros, 1994gas phase; Acidity between quinoline and benzonitrile; B

C6H4Br- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, bromo-

By formula: C6H4Br- + H+ = C6H5Br

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr383.5 ± 2.1kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr375.3 ± 2.2kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B

C6H4Br- + Hydrogen cation = Benzene, bromo-

By formula: C6H4Br- + H+ = C6H5Br

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr392.8 ± 2.0kcal/molBranWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr385.0 ± 2.1kcal/molH-TSWenthold and Squires, 1995gas phase; By HO- cleavage of substituted silanes; B

References

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Holm, 1973
Holm, T., Thermochemistry of Grignard reagents. Enthalpies of formation of alkylmagnesium bromides and of alkyl bromides, J. Organomet. Chem., 1973, 56, 87-93. [all data]

Chernick, Skinner, et al., 1956
Chernick, C.L.; Skinner, H.A.; Wadso, I., Thermochemistry of metallic alkyls. Part 7.-The heat of formation of mercury diphenyl, and of mercury phenyl chloride, Trans. Faraday Soc., 1956, 52, 1088-1093. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Smith and Bjellerup, 1947
Smith, L.; Bjellerup, L., Neue Versuche mit beweglicher calorimetrischer Bombe, Acta Chem. Scand., 1947, 1, 566-570. [all data]

Masi and Scott, 1975
Masi, J.F.; Scott, R.B., Some thermodynamic properties of bromobenzene from 0 to 1500K, J. Res., 1975, NBS 79A, 619-628. [all data]

Stull, 1937
Stull, D.R., A semi-micro calorimeter for measuring heat capacities at low temperatures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726-2733. [all data]

Reddy, 1986
Reddy, K.S., Isentropic compressibilities of binary liquid mixtures at 303.15 and 313.15 K, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1986, 31, 238-240. [all data]

de Kolossowsky and Udowenko, 1934
de Kolossowsky, N.; Udowenko, W.W., Determination des chaleurs specifiques des liquides, Compt. rend., 1934, 198, 1394-1395. [all data]

Kolosovskii and Udovenko, 1934
Kolosovskii, N.A.; Udovenko, W.W., Specific heat of liquids. II., Zhur. Obshchei Khim., 1934, 4, 1027-1033. [all data]

Andrews and Haworth, 1928
Andrews, D.H.; Haworth, E., An application of the rule of Dulong and Petit to molecules, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1928, 50, 2998-3002. [all data]

Williams and Daniels, 1925
Williams, J.W.; Daniels, F., The specific heats of binary mixtures, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 1490-1503. [all data]

von Reis, 1881
von Reis, M.A., Die specifische Wärme flüssiger organischer Verbindungen und ihre Beziehung zu deren Moleculargewicht, Ann. Physik [3], 1881, 13, 447-464. [all data]

Marsh, 1987
Marsh, K.N., Recommended Reference Materials for the Realization of Physicochemical Properties, Blackwell Sci. Pub., Oxford, 1987. [all data]

Masi and Scott, 1975, 2
Masi, J.F.; Scott, R.B., Some thermodynamic properties of bromobenzene from 0 to 1500k, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand., Sect. A, 1975, 79, 619-28. [all data]

Stull, 1937, 2
Stull, D.R., A Semi-micro Calorimeter for Measuring Heat Capacities at Low Temp., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2726. [all data]

Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V., Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]

Boublik, Fried, et al., 1984
Boublik, T.; Fried, V.; Hala, E., The Vapour Pressures of Pure Substances: Selected Values of the Temperature Dependence of the Vapour Pressures of Some Pure Substances in the Normal and Low Pressure Region, 2nd ed., Elsevier, New York, 1984, 972. [all data]

Basarová and Svoboda, 1991
Basarová, Pavlína; Svoboda, Václav, Calculation of heats of vaporization of halogenated hydrocarbons from saturated vapour pressure data, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 1991, 68, 13-34, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3812(91)85008-I . [all data]

Wadsö, Luoma, et al., 1968
Wadsö, Ingemar; Luoma, Sinikka; Olson, Thomas; Norin, Torbjörn, Heats of Vaporization of Organic Compounds. II. Chlorides, Bromides, and Iodides., Acta Chem. Scand., 1968, 22, 2438-2444, https://doi.org/10.3891/acta.chem.scand.22-2438 . [all data]

Wadso, 1968
Wadso, I., Heats of vaporization of organic compounds II. Chlorides, bromides, and iodides, Acta Chem. Scand., 1968, 22, 2438. [all data]

Mathews, 1926
Mathews, J.H., The accurate measurement of heats of vaporization of liquids, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1926, 48, 562-576. [all data]

Buckingham and Donaghy, 1982
Buckingham, J.; Donaghy, S.M., Dictionary of Organic Compounds: Fifth Edition, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1982, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Dykyj, 1972
Dykyj, J., Petrochemia, 1972, 12, 1, 13. [all data]

Masi and Scott, 1975, 3
Masi, Joseph F.; Scott, Russell B., Some thermodynamic properties of bromobenzene from 0 to 1500 K, J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN. SECT. A., 1975, 79A, 5, 619, https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.079A.022 . [all data]

Dreyer, Martin, et al., 1955
Dreyer, R.; Martin, W.; von Weber, U., Die S«65533»ttigungsdampfdrucke von Benzol, Toluol, «65533»thylbenzol, Styrol, Cumol und Brombenzol zwischen 10 und 760 Torr, J. Prakt. Chem., 1955, 1, 5-6, 324-328, https://doi.org/10.1002/prac.19550010508 . [all data]

Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D., Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985 . [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Fujisawa, Ohno, et al., 1986
Fujisawa, S.; Ohno, K.; Masuda, S.; Harada, Y., Penning ionization electron spectroscopy of monohalogenobenzenes: C6H5F, C6H5Cl, C6H5Br, and C6H5I, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986, 108, 6505. [all data]

Von Niessen, Asbrink, et al., 1982
Von Niessen, W.; Asbrink, L.; Bieri, G., 30.4 nm He(II) Photoelectron spectra of organic molecules. Part VI. Halogeno-compounds (C,H,X: X = Cl, Br, I), J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1982, 26, 173. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

Mohraz, Maier, et al., 1980
Mohraz, M.; Maier, J.P.; Heilbronner, E., He(I α) and He(Iα) photoelectron spectra of fluorinated chloro- and bromobenzenes, J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1980, 19, 429. [all data]

Lias and Ausloos, 1978
Lias, S.G.; Ausloos, P.J., eIonization energies of organic compounds by equilibrium measurements, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1978, 100, 6027. [all data]

Behan, Johnstone, et al., 1976
Behan, J.M.; Johnstone, R.A.W.; Bentley, T.W., An evaluation of empirical methods for calculating the ionization potentials of substituted benzenes, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1976, 11, 207. [all data]

Baldwin, Loudon, et al., 1976
Baldwin, M.A.; Loudon, A.G.; Maccoll, A.; Webb, K.S., The nature and fragmentation pathways of the molecular ions of some arylureas, arylthioureas, acetanilides, thioacetanilides and related compounds, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1976, 11, 1181. [all data]

Baer, Tsai, et al., 1976
Baer, T.; Tsai, B.P.; Smith, D.; Murray, P.T., Absolute unimolecular decay rates of energy selected metastable halobenzene ions, J. Chem. Phys., 1976, 64, 2460. [all data]

Sergeev, Akopyan, et al., 1970
Sergeev, Yu.L.; Akopyan, M.E.; Vilesov, F.I.; Kleimenov, V.I., Photoionization processes in phenyl halides, Opt. i Spektroskopiya, 1970, 29, 119, In original 63. [all data]

Johnstone, Mellon, et al., 1970
Johnstone, R.A.W.; Mellon, F.A.; Ward, S.D., Online acquisition of ionization efficiency data, Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1970, 5, 241. [all data]

Momigny, Goffart, et al., 1968
Momigny, J.; Goffart, C.; D'Or, L., Photoionization studies by total ionization measurements. I. Benzene and its monohalogeno derivatives, Intern. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys., 1968, 1, 53. [all data]

Watanabe, 1957
Watanabe, K., Ionization potentials of some molecules, J. Chem. Phys., 1957, 26, 542. [all data]

Klasinc, Kovac, et al., 1983
Klasinc, L.; Kovac, B.; Gusten, H., Photoelectron spectra of acenes. Electronic structure and substituent effects, Pure Appl. Chem., 1983, 55, 289. [all data]

Potts, Lyus, et al., 1980
Potts, A.W.; Lyus, M.L.; Lee, E.P.F.; Fattahallah, G.H., High resolution ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of C6H5X and p-C6H4X2 where X = Cl, Br or I, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1980, 76, 556. [all data]

Sell and Kupperman, 1978
Sell, J.A.; Kupperman, A., Angular distributions in the photoelectron spectra of benzene and its monohalogenated derivatives, Chem. Phys., 1978, 33, 367. [all data]

Cvitas and Klasinc, 1977
Cvitas, T.; Klasinc, L., Photoelectron spectra of bromobenzenes, Croat. Chem. Acta., 1977, 50, 291. [all data]

Streets and Ceasar, 1973
Streets, D.G.; Ceasar, G.P., Inductive mesomeric effects on the π orbitals of halobenzenes, Mol. Phys., 1973, 26, 1037. [all data]

Momigny, 1959
Momigny, J., Determination et discussion des potentials d'apparition d'ions fragmentaires dans le benzene et ses derives monohalogenes, Bull. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, 1959, 28, 251. [all data]

Malinovich, Arakawa, et al., 1985
Malinovich, Y.; Arakawa, R.; Haase, G.; Lifshitz, C., Time-dependent mass spectra and breakdown graphs. VI. Slow unimolecular dissociation of bromobenzene ions at near threshold energies, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 2253. [all data]

Dunbar and Honovich, 1984
Dunbar, R.C.; Honovich, J.P., Threshold ion photodissociation. Bromobenzene and iodobenzene ions, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 58, 25. [all data]

Burgers and Holmes, 1984
Burgers, P.C.; Holmes, J.L., Fragmentation rate constants and appearance energies for reactions having a large kinetic shift and the energy partitioning in their metastable decomposition, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 58, 15. [all data]

Burgers and Holmes, 1982
Burgers, P.C.; Holmes, J.L., Metastable ion studies. XIII. The measurement of appearance energies of metastable peaks, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1982, 17, 123. [all data]

Rosenstock, Stockbauer, et al., 1980
Rosenstock, H.M.; Stockbauer, R.; Parr, A.C., Photoelectron-photoion coincidence study of the bromobenzene ion, J. Chem. Phys., 1980, 73, 773. [all data]

Johnstone and Mellon, 1972
Johnstone, R.A.W.; Mellon, F.A., Electron-impact ionization and appearance potentials, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 2, 1972, 68, 1209. [all data]

Howe and Williams, 1969
Howe, I.; Williams, D.H., Calculation and qualitative predictions of mass spectra. Mono- and paradisubstituted benzenes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1969, 91, 7137. [all data]

Wenthold and Squires, 1995
Wenthold, P.G.; Squires, R.R., Determination of the gas-phase acidities of halogen-substituted aromatic compounds using the silane-cleavage method, J. Mass Spectrom., 1995, 30, 1, 17, https://doi.org/10.1002/jms.1190300105 . [all data]

Linnert and Riveros, 1994
Linnert, H.V.; Riveros, J.M., Benzyne-related mechanisms in the gas phase ion molecule reactions of haloarenes, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc., 1994, 140, 1, 163, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1176(94)04079-6 . [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References