Pyrazine, 2,6-dimethyl-


Phase change data

Go To: Top, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil427.2KN/AAldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990 
Tboil428.8KN/AWeast and Grasselli, 1989 

Gas phase ion energetics data

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

View reactions leading to C6H8N2+ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference
8.80PEHaselbach, Lanyiova, et al., 1973

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillarySE-30110.930.Samusenko and Golovnya, 198825. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
CapillarySE-3080.926.Samusenko and Golovnya, 198825. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He
CapillaryOV-101110.930.Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1987He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryOV-10180.926.Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1987He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-1882.Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-1885.Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 220. C

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
CapillaryPEG-40M110.1327.Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1987He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm
CapillaryPEG-40M80.1314.Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1987He; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.3 mm

Kovats' RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1319.Yeo and Shibamoto, 1991He, 60. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryDB-Wax1338.Shimoda and Shibamoto, 1990He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 190. C
PackedPEG-20M1325.Galt and MacLeod, 1984N2, Celite, 70. C @ 9. min, 10. K/min; Column length: 5.5 m; Tend: 175. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1314.Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-5916.Engel and Ratel, 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-5915.Methven L., Tsoukka M., et al., 200760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 260. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB889.Mahadevan and Farmer, 200660. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryHP-5916.Solina, Baumgartner, et al., 200525. m/0.2 mm/1. μm, He, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryHP-5916.Solina, Baumgartner, et al., 200525. m/0.2 mm/1. μm, He, 5. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS912.Hierro, de la Hoz, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 280. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5906.Mahajan, Goddik, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB880.Pino, Almora, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB925.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB926.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryBPX-5927.Ames, Guy, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryBPX-5922.Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryBPX-5932.Oruna-Concha, Duckham, et al., 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryCP Sil 5 CB880.Pino and Marbot, 200150. m/0.32 mm/0.4 μm, He, 60. C @ 10. min, 3. K/min, 280. C @ 60. min
CapillaryBP-5910.Whitfield and Mottram, 20014. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB917.Elmore, Mottram, et al., 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryBPX-5925.Hill, Isaacs, et al., 199950. m/0.325 mm/0.5 μm, He, 20. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryBPX-5925.Hill, Isaacs, et al., 199950. m/0.325 mm/0.5 μm, He, 20. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryBPX-5930.Aaslyng, Elmore, et al., 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 280. C
CapillaryDB-5922.Moio and Addeo, 199830. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, H2, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryBPX-5926.Ames, Defaye, et al., 199750. m/0.325 mm/0.5 μm, He, 50. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillaryOV-101889.7Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1991He, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 100. C
CapillaryOV-101892.1Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1991He, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 100. C
CapillaryOV-101888.9Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1991He, 8. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C
CapillaryOV-101891.2Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1991He, 8. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C
CapillaryOV-101887.9Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1991He, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C
CapillaryOV-101890.7Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1991He, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 80. C
CapillaryDB-1884.Izzo and Ho, 199150. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillarySE-30888.Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 199150. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryHP-1894.Oh, Shu, et al., 199150. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, He, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillarySPB-1901.Huang, Bruechert, et al., 198760. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 40. min
CapillarySPB-1901.Huang, Bruechert, et al., 198760. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 235. C @ 40. min
CapillaryOV-1891.Schreyen, Dirinck, et al., 1976N2, 1. K/min; Column length: 183. m; Tstart: 0. C; Tend: 230. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB923.Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB933.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 0C => rapidly => 40C(8min) => 4C/min => 250C(10min)
CapillaryCP-Sil8924.Martin and Ames, 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 250C (15min)
CapillaryCP-SIL8930.Woffenden, Ames, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C(2min) => 4C/min => 200C => 10C/min => 250C (15min)
CapillaryCP-Sil 8CB-MS919.Elmore, Mottram, et al., 2000, 260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 0C(5min) => 40C/min => 40C (2min) => 4C/min => 280C
CapillaryDB-5927.Parker, Hassell, et al., 200050. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: oC(5min) => 60C/min => 60C (5min) => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryBPX-5932.Elmore, Mottram, et al., 199950. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 0C(5min) => 40C/min => 40C(2min) => 4C/min => 280C
CapillaryBPX-5926.Bredie, Mottram, et al., 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: OC (5min) => 60C/min => 60C(5min) => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryBPX-5933.Owens J.D., Allagheny N., et al., 199750. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: OC => 60C/min => 60C(5min) => 4C/min => 250C(20min)
CapillaryDB-5909.Beal and Mottram, 199430. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, He; Program: 5 0C (0.5 min) -> (1 min) 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 250 0C
CapillaryDB-1894.Kuo, Zhang, et al., 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -40C => 40C/min => 40C => 2C/min => 260C
CapillaryDB-1894.Kuo, Zhang, et al., 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: -40C => 40C/min => 40C => 2C/min => 260C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-Wax1328.Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1331.Pozo-Bayon M.A., Ruiz-Rodriguez A., et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1339.Lopez-Galilea I., Fournier N., et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 40. C
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1314.Mahadevan and Farmer, 200660. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryOV-3511304.Bonvehí, 200550. m/0.32 mm/0.2 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1370.Malliaa, Fernandez-Garcia, et al., 200560. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 45. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1347.Mahajan, Goddik, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 5. K/min, 230. C @ 10. min
CapillaryAT-Wax1304.Pino, Almora, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101328.Chung, Yung, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101328.Chung, Yung, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1311.Liu, Yang, et al., 2001H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryAT-Wax1306.Pino and Marbot, 200160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 65. C @ 10. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101328.Chung, 200060. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min; Tstart: 35. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1343.Le Guen, Prost, et al., 200060. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 10. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101329.Chung, 199960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101328.Chung, 1999, 260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 35. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 90. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1327.Cha, Kim, et al., 199860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
CapillaryPEG-20M1334.Shimoda, Nakada, et al., 199760. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1334.Shimoda, Shiratsuchi, et al., 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 230. C @ 60. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101326.Chung and Cadwallader, 199360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 195. C @ 40. min
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1280.Yu, Wu, et al., 199350. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, H2, 40. C @ 10. min, 1.5 K/min, 200. C @ 60. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101328.Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 198960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101333.Tanchotikul and Hsieh, 198960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-WAX 57CB1317.Baltes and Mevissen, 1988He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.24 mm; Tend: 210. C
CapillarySupelcowax-101332.Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 198860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillarySupelcowax-101346.Vejaphan, Hsieh, et al., 198860. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 175. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-WAX 57CB1334.Whitfield, Mottram, et al., 1988He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryCP-WAX 57CB1336.Whitfield, Mottram, et al., 1988He, 60. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySupelcowax-101325.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101328.Bianchi, Careri, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(8min) => 4C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 160C => 20C/min => 200C(1min)
CapillaryFFAP1363.Ranau, Kleeberg, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(3min) => 3C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 220C(13.5min)
CapillaryFFAP1363.Ranau and Steinhart, 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 50C(3min) => 3C/min => 100C => 10C/min => 220C (13.5min)
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1323.Alasalvar, Shahidi, et al., 200360. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 5C/min => 60C => 2.5C/min => 155C
CapillaryDB-Wax1320.Cantergiani, Brevard, et al., 200130. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 20C(30s) => fast => 60C => 4C/min => 220C (20min)
CapillarySupelcowax-101322.Baek and Cadwallader, 199660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: 40C => (6C/min) => 80C(6min) => (15C/min) => 200C(10min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1325.Amrani-Hemaimi, Cerny, et al., 199530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(2min) => 6C/min => 150C => 30C/min => 240C(1min)
CapillaryBP-201325.Beal and Mottram, 199450. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 5 0C (0.5 min) -> (1 min) 60 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 200 0C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryDB-5 MS919.Chen, Song, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-5 MS931.Chen, Song, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min
CapillaryUltra-1882.Du, Clery, et al., 200850. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 20. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryHP-5911.Du, Clery, et al., 200850. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 10. K/min, 280. C @ 8.5 min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryRTX-5936.Pham, Schilling, et al., 200830. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 20. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillarySLB-5MS885.Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 200810. m/0.18 mm/0.18 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 1.5 min, 10. K/min; Tend: 295. C
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane915.Ramirez R. and Cava R., 200730. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane913.Ramirez R. and Cava R., 200730. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 10. min, 7. K/min, 250. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-5920.Fadel, Mageed, et al., 2006He, 50. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-5 MS934.Schirack, Drake, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillaryHP-5911.4Leffingwell and Alford, 200560. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 30. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 260. C @ 28. min
CapillaryMDN-5915.van Loon, Linssen, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min
CapillaryMDN-5920.van Loon, Linssen, et al., 200560. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 270. C @ 5. min
CapillarySPB-5910.Sebastian, Viallon-Fernandez, et al., 200360. m/0.32 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryHP-1882.Valette, Fernandez, et al., 200350. m/0.2 mm/0.5 μm, He, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 60. C
CapillaryDB-5MS928.Welty, Marshall, et al., 2001He, 40. C @ 5. min, 5. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryDB-1898.Chen and Ho, 199960. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 260. C
CapillaryDB-5914.Meynier, Novelli, et al., 199930. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryHP-5910.Boylston and Viniyard, 199850. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 45. min
CapillaryDB-1880.Buttery, Ling, et al., 199730. C @ 25. min, 4. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryDB-5912.Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-5913.Kondjoyan, Viallon, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 2. min
CapillaryDB-1890.Lu, Yu, et al., 199760. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 280. C @ 40. min
CapillaryHP-5916.Larsen and Frisvad, 199535. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101886.Misharina, Golovnya, et al., 1991, 250. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-1882.Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-1883.Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-1884.Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-1885.Flath, Matsumoto, et al., 198960. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 4. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryOV-101889.Mihara and Masuda, 19882. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101889.Mihara and Masuda, 1987N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-1888.Wu, Liou, et al., 1987Hydrogen, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 35. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryOV-101889.Mihara and Enomoto, 1985N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryOV-101884.del Rosario, de Lumen, et al., 1984He, 0. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Tend: 225. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone886.Lorenz, Stern, et al., 19834. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryMethyl Silicone887.Lorenz, Stern, et al., 19834. K/min, 200. C @ 15. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Tstart: 50. C

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-5912.Pugliese, Sirtori, et al., 200950. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillarySLB-5MS886.Risticevic, Carasek, et al., 200810. m/0.18 mm/0.18 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-5909.Ventanas, Estevez, et al., 200850. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (10 min) 5 0C/min -> 200 0C 15 0C/min -> 250 0C (10 min)
CapillaryHP-5920.Characterization of Pyrazines in Some Chinese Liquors and Their Approximate Concentrations, 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => 2C/min => 140C => 10C/min => 280C (10min)
CapillaryHP-5MS912.Ho, Wan Aida, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => 20C/min => 80C (1min) => 20C/min => 100C(1min) => 30C/min => 230C(3min)
CapillaryMethyl Silicone904.Hadorn, Eberhard, et al., 2005Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-1883.Carpino, Mallia, et al., 200425. m/0.2 mm/0.11 μm; Program: 35C(3min) => 4C/min => 190C => 30C/min => 225C(3min)
CapillaryHP-5915.Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 200450. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C(5min)
CapillaryDB-5915.Garcia-Estaban, Ansorena, et al., 2004, 250. m/0.32 mm/1.05 μm; Program: 40C(10min) => 5C/min => 200C => 20C/min => 250C (5min)
CapillarySE-30895.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-5913.Qian and Reineccius, 200330. m/0.32 mm/1. μm; Program: 35C(4min) => 2C/min => 130C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillaryCP Sil 8 CB925.Duckham, Dodson, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified
CapillaryRSL-150886.Buchbauer, Nikiforov, et al., 199460. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 30c (1.5min) => 20C/min => 55C => 6C/min => 200C(10min)
CapillaryOV-1, SE-30, Methyl silicone, SP-2100, OV-101, DB-1, etc.889.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryHP-FFAP1344.Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 999925. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryHP-FFAP1349.Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 999925. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryHP-Innowax1325.Puvipirom and Chaisei, 201215. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 3. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryFFAP1339.Budryn, Nebesny, et al., 201130. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 250. C @ 45. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1354.Moon and Shibamoto, 201060. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 70. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1338.Chen, Song, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1348.Chen, Song, et al., 200930. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 20. min
CapillaryCP-Wax1342.Mo, Fan, et al., 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 50. C @ 2. min, 6. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1352.Moon and Shibamoto, 200960. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 210. C @ 70. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1360.Rochat, Egger, et al., 200930. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 60. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 9.5 min
CapillaryHP-Innowax1315.Du, Clery, et al., 200850. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 6. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryZB-Wax1362.Marin, Pozrl, et al., 200860. m/0.32 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 40. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 220. C @ 5. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1330.Characterization of Pyrazines in Some Chinese Liquors and Their Approximate Concentrations, 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1333.Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 5. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryFFAP1339.Nebesny, Budryn, et al., 200730. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, N2, 35. C @ 5. min, 4. K/min, 320. C @ 45. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1330.Fan and Qian, 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min, 230. C @ 15. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1308.Fujioka and Shibamoto, 200660. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 90. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1333.Osada and Shibamoto, 2006He, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryDB-Wax1314.Schirack, Drake, et al., 200630. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 40. C @ 3. min, 8. K/min, 200. C @ 20. min
CapillaryTC-Wax1338.Ishikawa, Ito, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 8. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1339.Yanagimoto, Ochi, et al., 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min, 180. C @ 40. min; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1327.Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1327.Tanaka, Yamauchi, et al., 200330. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, 30. C @ 1. min, 4. K/min; Tend: 250. C
CapillaryHP-FFAP1344.Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 200325. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryHP-FFAP1349.Wanakhachornkrai and Lertsiri, 200325. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 15. K/min; Tstart: 45. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryTC-Wax1324.Fukami, Ishiyama, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 2. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 230. C
CapillaryHP-FFAP1308.Qian and Reineccius, 200225. m/0.32 mm/0.52 μm, 60. C @ 1. min, 5. K/min, 240. C @ 5. min
CapillaryHP-Wax1353.Sanz, Maeztu, et al., 200260. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1341.Chyau and Mau, 200160. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, 50. C @ 5. min, 1.5 K/min, 210. C @ 10. min
CapillaryHP-Wax1353.Maeztu, Sanz, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryHP-Wax1353.Sanz, Ansorena, et al., 200160. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 6. min, 3. K/min; Tend: 190. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1326.Buttery, Orts, et al., 199930. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 170. C @ 60. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1308.Hwan and Chou, 199950. m/0.32 mm/0.22 μm, H2, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 190. C @ 21. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1347.Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 19994. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1345.Iwatsuki, Mizota, et al., 19994. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 210. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1326.Buttery and Ling, 199830. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min, 170. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryCP-Wax 52CB1341.Chyau, Lin, et al., 199750. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 1.5 K/min, 210. C @ 10. min
CapillaryDB-Wax1345.Sekiwa, Kubota, et al., 1997He, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1317.Pollak and Berger, 199630. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He, 40. C @ 1. min, 3. K/min, 210. C @ 25. min
CapillaryTC-Wax1329.Shuichi, Masazumi, et al., 199680. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryPEG-20M1299.Togari, Kobayashi, et al., 199550. m/0.25 mm/0.15 μm, He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1326.Umano, Hagi, et al., 1995He, 40. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1322.Eiserich, Macku, et al., 1992He, 60. C @ 4. min, 4. K/min, 180. C @ 30. min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1300.Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1992He, 3. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.33 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1313.Kawakami and Kobayashi, 1991He, 60. C @ 4. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryPEG-20M1303.Kubota, Nakamoto, et al., 1991N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 180. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1300.Pfannhauser, 199030, 30. C @ 10. min, 50. K/min; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1300.Mihara and Masuda, 19882. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryFFAP1304.Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1988He, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryFFAP1305.Vernin, Metzger, et al., 1988He, 60. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm; Tend: 240. C
CapillaryDB-Wax1326.Wong and Bernhard, 1988He, 70. C @ 8. min, 2. K/min; Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tend: 160. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1331.Wu, Liou, et al., 1987Hydrogen, 1. K/min, 200. C @ 35. min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Tstart: 50. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1300.Mihara and Enomoto, 1985N2, 2. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 200. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1330.Buttery, Ling, et al., 198350. C @ 30. min, 1. K/min, 170. C @ 60. min; Column length: 150. m; Column diameter: 0.64 mm
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1319.Liardon and Ledermann, 1980H2, 2. K/min; Column length: 39. m; Column diameter: 0.30 mm; Tstart: 60. C; Tend: 220. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1325.Shibamoto and Russell, 19771. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1326.Shibamoto and Russell, 19771. K/min; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Tstart: 70. C; Tend: 170. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1308.Dury-Brun, Fournier, et al., 2007Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1334.Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: 44 0C 3 0C/min -> 170 0C 8 0C/min -> 250 0C
CapillaryDB-Wax1353.Gonzalez-Rios, Suarez-Quiroz, et al., 200730. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Hydrogen; Program: not specified
CapillaryHP-Innowax1335.Viegas and Bassoli, 200760. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (5 min) 4 0C/min -> 60 0C (5 min) 8 0C/min -> 250 0C (3 min)
CapillaryHP-Innowax1340.Viegas and Bassoli, 200760. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1298.Krings, Zelena, et al., 200630. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C(5min) => 5C/min => 150C => 10C/min => 240C (10min)
CapillaryFFAP1334.Didzbalis, Ritter, et al., 200430. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 35C(1min) => 60C/min => 60C => 6C/min => 230C
CapillaryInnowax1340.Ito and Mori, 200430. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium; Program: 40 0C (2 min) 10 0C/min -> 100 0C 3 0C/min -> 160 0C 5 0C/min -> 260 0C (10 min)
CapillaryDB-Wax1326.Kim. J.H., Ahn, et al., 200460. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium; Program: 60 0C (3 min) 2 0C/min -> 150 0C 4 0C/min -> 200 0C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1325.Vinogradov, 2004Program: not specified
CapillaryDB-Wax1308.Qian and Reineccius, 200360. m/0.32 mm/0.5 μm, He; Program: 35C(4min) => 2C/min => 130C => 4C/min => 250C
CapillarySupelcowax-101355.Jung, Kim, et al., 2001Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1325.Vernin, Lageot, et al., 1998Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1325.Vernin, Lageot, et al., 1998Program: not specified
CapillarySupelcowax-101325.Chang, Seitz, et al., 199530. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => 7C/min => 140C => 17.5C/min => 230C
CapillaryCarbowax 20M1300.Mihara and Masuda, 1987Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Haselbach, Lanyiova, et al., 1973
Haselbach, E.; Lanyiova, Z.; Rossi, M., On the correlation between ionization potentials and excitation energies, part III: pyrazine, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1973, 56, 2889. [all data]

Samusenko and Golovnya, 1988
Samusenko, A.L.; Golovnya, R.V., Prediction of the retention indices of methyl pyridines and pyrazines in capillary gas chromatography based on the non-linear additivity of the sorption energy, Chromatographia, 1988, 25, 6, 531-535, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02324828 . [all data]

Golovnya, Samusenko, et al., 1987
Golovnya, R.V.; Samusenko, A.L.; Dmitriev, L.B., Behavior of methyl-substituted pyrazines and use of the principle of nonadditive change in the sorption energy for prediction of the retention indices in capillary gas chromatography, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1987, 42, 4, 558-563. [all data]

Takeoka, Perrino, et al., 1996
Takeoka, G.; Perrino, C., Jr.; Buttery, R., Volatile constituents of used frying oils, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1996, 44, 3, 654-660, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf950430m . [all data]

Yeo and Shibamoto, 1991
Yeo, H.C.H.; Shibamoto, T., Microwave-induced volatiles of the Maillard model system under different pH conditions, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 2, 370-373, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00002a029 . [all data]

Shimoda and Shibamoto, 1990
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Galt and MacLeod, 1984
Galt, A.M.; MacLeod, G., Headspace sampling of cooked beef aroma using Tenax GC, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1984, 32, 1, 59-64, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00121a016 . [all data]

Shibamoto, Kamiya, et al., 1981
Shibamoto, T.; Kamiya, Y.; Mihara, S., Isolation and identification of volatile compounds in cooked meat: sukiyaki, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1981, 29, 1, 57-63, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00103a015 . [all data]

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Pino, Almora, et al., 2003
Pino, J.; Almora, K.; Marbot, R., Volatile components of papaya (Carica papaya L., maradol variety) fruit, Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 6, 492-496, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1248 . [all data]

Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2002
Duckham, S.C.; Dodson, A.T.; Bakker, J.; Ames, J.M., Effect of cultivar and storage time on the volatile flavor components of baked potato, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2002, 50, 20, 5640-5648, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011326+ . [all data]

Ames, Guy, et al., 2001
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Oruna-Concha, M.J.; Duckham, S.C.; Ames, J.M., Comparison of volatile compounds isolated from the skin and flesh of four potato cultivars after baking, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 5, 2414-2421, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0012345 . [all data]

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Whitfield, F.B.; Mottram, D.S., Heterocyclic volatiles formed by heating cysteine or hydrogen sulfide with 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone at pH 6.5, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2001, 49, 2, 816-822, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0008644 . [all data]

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Izzo, H.V.; Ho, C.-T., Isolation and identification of the volatile components of an extruded autolyzed yeast extract, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 12, 2245-2248, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00012a029 . [all data]

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Oh, Shu, et al., 1991
Oh, Y.-C.; Shu, C.-K.; Ho, C.-T., Some volatile compounds formed from thermal interaction of glucose with glycine, diglycine, triglycine, and tetraglycine, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1991, 39, 9, 1553-1554, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00009a003 . [all data]

Huang, Bruechert, et al., 1987
Huang, T.-C.; Bruechert, L.J.; Hartman, T.G.; Rosen, R.T.; Ho, C.-T., Effect of lipids and carbohydrates on thermal generation of volatiles from commercial zein, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1987, 35, 6, 985-990, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00078a030 . [all data]

Schreyen, Dirinck, et al., 1976
Schreyen, L.; Dirinck, P.; van Wassenhove, F.; Schamp, N., Volatile flavor components of leek, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1976, 24, 2, 336-341, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60204a056 . [all data]

Oruna-Concha, Bakker, et al., 2002
Oruna-Concha, M.J.; Bakker, J.; Ames, J.M., Comparison of the volatile components of two cultivars of potato cooked by boiling, conventional baking and microwave baking, J. Sci. Food Agric., 2002, 82, 9, 1080-1087, https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.1148 . [all data]

Duckham, Dodson, et al., 2001
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Notes

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