m-Chloroaniline

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Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tboil503.2KN/AWeast and Grasselli, 1989BS
Tboil503.15KN/APawlowski and Wieckowska, 1980Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1.5 K; TRC
Tboil503.7KN/ASidgwick and Rubie, 1921Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC
Tboil509.65KN/APerkin, 1896Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Tfus263.15KN/APawlowski and Wieckowska, 1980Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Tfus262.9KN/ADreisbach, 1955Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.02 K; TRC
Tfus262.8KN/ASidgwick and Rubie, 1921Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.5 K; TRC
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δvap14.6 ± 0.67kcal/molCRibeiro da Silva, Gomes, et al., 2005AC
Δvap14.4 ± 0.02kcal/molGSVerevkin and Schick, 2003Based on data from 291. to 340. K.; AC
Δvap12.90 ± 0.05kcal/molVZalikin, Kochetkov, et al., 1965ALS

Reduced pressure boiling point

Tboil (K) Pressure (atm) Reference Comment
368.70.014Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

ΔvapH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Method Reference Comment
12.8413.AStephenson and Malanowski, 1987Based on data from 398. to 573. K. See also Dykyj, 1972.; AC
14.4 ± 0.1319.TE,MEPiacente, Scardala, et al., 1985Based on data from 292. to 346. K.; AC
14.6 ± 0.2323.TE,MEPiacente, Scardala, et al., 1985Based on data from 304. to 342. K.; AC

Antoine Equation Parameters

log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Temperature (K) A B C Reference Comment
334. to 398.0.70794296.999-257.467Zalikin, Kochetkov, et al., 1965Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data.

Enthalpy of fusion

ΔfusH (kcal/mol) Temperature (K) Reference Comment
2.9263.Khanna, Khetarpal, et al., 1983AC

In addition to the Thermodynamics Research Center (TRC) data available from this site, much more physical and chemical property data is available from the following TRC products:


Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

C6H5ClN- + Hydrogen cation = m-Chloroaniline

By formula: C6H5ClN- + H+ = C6H6ClN

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr358.9 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr351.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

N,N'-Bis(3-chlorophenyl)urea = m-Chloroaniline + Benzene, 1-chloro-3-isocyanato-

By formula: C13H10Cl2N2O = C6H6ClN + C7H4ClNO

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr29.2 ± 1.3kcal/molEqkChimishkyan, Svetlova, et al., 1984solid phase; Dissociation; ALS

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C6H6ClN+ (ion structure unspecified)

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Proton affinity (review)207.5kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Gas basicity199.9kcal/molN/AHunter and Lias, 1998HL

Ionization energy determinations

IE (eV) Method Reference Comment
8.1 ± 0.1EIBrown, 1970RDSH

Appearance energy determinations

Ion AE (eV) Other Products MethodReferenceComment
C6H6N+12.3 ± 0.1ClEIBrown, 1970RDSH

De-protonation reactions

C6H5ClN- + Hydrogen cation = m-Chloroaniline

By formula: C6H5ClN- + H+ = C6H6ClN

Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr358.9 ± 2.1kcal/molG+TSBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B
Quantity Value Units Method Reference Comment
Δr351.6 ± 2.0kcal/molIMREBartmess, Scott, et al., 1979gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Mass spectrum
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Additional Data

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Owner NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center
Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, 1998.
NIST MS number 291534

All mass spectra in this site (plus many more) are available from the NIST/EPA/NIH Mass Spectral Library. Please see the following for information about the library and its accompanying search program.


UV/Visible spectrum

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Victor Talrose, Alexander N. Yermakov, Alexy A. Usov, Antonina A. Goncharova, Axlexander N. Leskin, Natalia A. Messineva, Natalia V. Trusova, Margarita V. Efimkina

Spectrum

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UVVis spectrum
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Additional Data

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Source Lang (editor), 1973
Owner INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD
Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce
on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved.
Origin INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS
Source reference RAS UV No. 19739
Instrument Unicam SP 800 B
Melting point 230.5

Gas Chromatography

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type Active phase Temperature (C) I Reference Comment
PackedSE-30180.1204.Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1985N2, Chromosorb A AW; Column length: 3. m
PackedSE-30180.1204.Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984N2, Chromosorb W AW; Column length: 3. m

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryOV-11160.6Gautzsch and Zinn, 19968. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 300. C

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
Capillary5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane1201.Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 199725. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => (20C/min) => 120C => (7C/min) => 310C(10min)

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillaryTR-11157.Gruzdev, Alferova, et al., 201130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryTR-11157.Gruzdev, Alferova, et al., 2011, 230. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryTR-11157.Gruzdev, Filippova, et al., 201130. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 5. K/min; Tstart: 50. C; Tend: 300. C
CapillaryUltra-11155.Okumura, 199125. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 260. C
CapillarySE-541198.Harland, Cumming, et al., 1986He, 50. C @ 2. min, 8. K/min, 250. C @ 12. min; Column length: 25. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySPB-11156.Vezzani, Moretti, et al., 1994Column length: 30. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryOV-11158.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

View large format table.

Column type Active phase I Reference Comment
CapillarySuperox 0.6; Carbowax 20M2110.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillarySuperox 0.6; Carbowax 20M2140.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified
CapillaryCarbowax 400, Carbowax 20M, Carbowax 1540, Carbowax 4000, Superox 06, PEG 20M, etc.2110.Waggott and Davies, 1984Hydrogen; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Pawlowski and Wieckowska, 1980
Pawlowski, W.; Wieckowska, E., Distribution Studies on Ternary System Water--Benzene--Chloro- or Nitroaniline, Pol. J. Chem., 1980, 54, 543. [all data]

Sidgwick and Rubie, 1921
Sidgwick, N.V.; Rubie, H.E., The solubility and volatility of the chloro- and nitro-anilines and of their acetyl derivatives, J. Chem. Soc., 1921, 119, 1013-24. [all data]

Perkin, 1896
Perkin, W.H., LXIX. On Magnetic Rotatory Power, especially of Aromatic Compounds, J. Chem. Soc., 1896, 69, 1025-1257. [all data]

Dreisbach, 1955
Dreisbach, R.R., Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds, Advances in Chemistry Series No. 15, Am. Chem. Soc.: Washington, D. C., 1955. [all data]

Ribeiro da Silva, Gomes, et al., 2005
Ribeiro da Silva, Manuel A.V.; Gomes, José R.B.; Ferreira, Ana I.M.C.L., Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Energetics of the Three Isomers of Monochloroaniline, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2005, 109, 27, 13356-13362, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp0519565 . [all data]

Verevkin and Schick, 2003
Verevkin, Sergey P.; Schick, Christoph, Determination of vapor pressures, enthalpies of sublimation, enthalpies of vaporization, and enthalpies of fusion of a series of chloro-aminobenzenes and chloro-nitrobenzenes, Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2003, 211, 2, 161-177, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3812(03)00181-X . [all data]

Zalikin, Kochetkov, et al., 1965
Zalikin, A.A.; Kochetkov, V.L.; Strepikheev, Yu.A., Some physical and physicochemical constants of m- and p-chloroaniline and of m- and p-chlorophenyl isocyanate, Khim. Prom. (Moscow), 1965, 41, 338. [all data]

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Dykyj, 1972
Dykyj, J., Petrochemia, 1972, 12, 1, 13. [all data]

Piacente, Scardala, et al., 1985
Piacente, V.; Scardala, P.; Ferro, D.; Gigli, R., Vaporization study of o-, m-, and p-chloroaniline by torsion-weighing effusion vapor pressure measurements, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1985, 30, 4, 372-376, https://doi.org/10.1021/je00042a002 . [all data]

Khanna, Khetarpal, et al., 1983
Khanna, M.S.; Khetarpal, S.C.; Lal, K.; Bhatnagar, H.L., Thermodynamic studies on melting of some o-, m-, and p-halogen derivatives of aniline, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1983, 20, 6, 503. [all data]

Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr., The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]

Chimishkyan, Svetlova, et al., 1984
Chimishkyan, A.L.; Svetlova, L.P.; Leonova, T.V.; Gluyaev, N.D., Thermal decomposition of substituted ureas, J. Gen. Chem. USSR, 1984, 54, 1317-1320. [all data]

Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

Brown, 1970
Brown, P., Kinetic studies in mass spectrometry-IV. The [M - Cl] reaction in substituted chlorobenzenes and the question of molecular ion isomerization, Org. Mass Spectrom., 1970, 3, 639. [all data]

Lang (editor), 1973
Lang (editor), L., Absorption Spectra in the Ultraviolet and Visible Region, 1973, 18, 41. [all data]

Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1985
Oszczapowicz, J.; Osek, J.; Ciszkowski, K.; Krawczyk, W.; Ostrowski, M., Retention Indices of Dimethylbenzamidines and Benzylideneamines on a Non-Polar Column, J. Chromatogr., 1985, 330, 79-85, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)81964-6 . [all data]

Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984
Oszczapowicz, J.; Osek, J.; Dolecka, E., Retention indices of dimethylformamidines, dimethylacetamidines and tetramethylguanidines on a non-polar column, J. Chromatogr., 1984, 315, 95-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)90727-7 . [all data]

Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996
Gautzsch, R.; Zinn, P., Use of incremental models to estimate the retention indexes of aromatic compounds, Chromatographia, 1996, 43, 3/4, 163-176, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02292946 . [all data]

Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997
Yasuhara, A.; Shiraishi, H.; Nishikawa, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Uehiro, T.; Nakasugi, O.; Okumura, T.; Kenmotsu, K.; Fukui, H.; Nagase, M.; Ono, Y.; Kawagoshi, Y.; Baba, K.; Noma, Y., Determination of organic components in leachates from hazardous waste disposal sites in Japan by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 774, 1-2, 321-332, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00078-2 . [all data]

Gruzdev, Alferova, et al., 2011
Gruzdev, I.V.; Alferova, M.V.; Kondratenok, B.M.; Zenkevich, I.G., Gas-chromatographic identification of chloro- and bromosubstituted anilines using retention indices, Rus. J. Anal. Chem., 2011, 66, 5, 519-524. [all data]

Gruzdev, Alferova, et al., 2011, 2
Gruzdev, I.V.; Alferova, M.V.; Kondratenok, B.M.; Zenkevich, I.G., Quantification of chloroanilines in drinking water by gas chromatography as bromo derivatives, Rus. J. Anal. Chem., 2011, 66, 10, 955-962, https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934811100042 . [all data]

Gruzdev, Filippova, et al., 2011
Gruzdev, I.V.; Filippova, M.V.; Zenkevich, I.G.; Kondratenok, B.M., Identification of bromination products of chlorosubstituted anilines in aqueous media by using gas chromatography, Rus. J. Applied Chem., 2011, 84, 10, 1656-1667, https://doi.org/10.1134/S1070427211100132 . [all data]

Okumura, 1991
Okumura, T., retention indices of environmental chemicals on methyl silicone capillary column, Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Japan), 1991, 1, 2, 333-358, https://doi.org/10.5985/jec.1.333 . [all data]

Harland, Cumming, et al., 1986
Harland, B.J.; Cumming, R.I.; Gillings, E., The Kovats indexes of some organic micropollutants on an SE54 capillary column, EUR, I Org. Micropollut. Aquat. Environ., 1986, EUR 10388, 123-127. [all data]

Vezzani, Moretti, et al., 1994
Vezzani, S.; Moretti, P.; Castello, G., Fast and Accurate Method for the Automatic Prediction of Programmed-Temperature Retention Times, J. Chromatogr. A, 1994, 677, 2, 331-343, https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)80161-4 . [all data]

Waggott and Davies, 1984
Waggott, A.; Davies, I.W., Identification of organic pollutants using linear temperature programmed retention indices (LTPRIs) - Part II, 1984, retrieved from http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/research/completed-research/reports/dwi0383.pdf. [all data]


Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References