1-Pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-
- Formula: C8H16
- Molecular weight: 112.2126
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 107-39-1
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: Diisobutylene; Diisobutene; 2,2,4-Trimethyl-4-pentene; 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene; (tert-C4H9)CH2C(CH3)=CH2; 2,4,4-Trimethylpent-1-ene; 2,4,4-Trimethylpentene-1; 1-Pentene, 2,2,4-trimethyl-
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Phase change data
Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 375. ± 2. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 21 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 179.5 ± 0.2 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 178.9 | K | N/A | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.2 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 172. | K | N/A | Parks and Huffman, 1931 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 1. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 35.7 | kJ/mol | EB | Malanowski, 2007 | Based on data from 306. to 356. K.; AC |
ΔvapH° | 35.7 | kJ/mol | N/A | Reid, 1972 | AC |
ΔvapH° | 35.7 | kJ/mol | V | Camin and Rossini, 1960 | ALS |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
33.5 | 358. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 343. to 381. K.; AC |
35.1 | 316. | MM | Camin and Rossini, 1960, 2 | Based on data from 301. to 375. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
8.79 | 178.9 | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | AC |
8.765 | 178.9 | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2 | DH |
6.795 | 166. | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2 | DH |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
48.99 | 178.9 | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2 | DH |
40.9 | 166. | Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2 | DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
By formula: C8H16 + H2 = C8H18
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -107. | kJ/mol | Chyd | Turner, Nettleton, et al., 1958 | liquid phase; solvent: Acetic acid |
ΔrH° | -112.9 ± 0.3 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1937 | gas phase; Reanalyzed by Cox and Pilcher, 1970, Original value = -114.0 ± 0.3 kJ/mol; At 355 °K |
ΔrH° | -119.6 ± 3.3 | kJ/mol | Chyd | Crawford and Parks, 1936 | liquid phase |
Gas phase ion energetics data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference |
---|---|---|
8.909 ± 0.005 | PE | Masclet, Grosjean, et al., 1973 |
IR Spectrum
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Gas Phase Spectrum
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Notice: Concentration information is not available for this spectrum and, therefore, molar absorptivity values cannot be derived.
Additional Data
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Download spectrum in JCAMP-DX format.
Owner | NIST Standard Reference Data Program Collection (C) 2018 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center |
State | gas |
Instrument | HP-GC/MS/IRD |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | D.HENNEBERG, MAX-PLANCK INSTITUTE, MULHEIM, WEST GERMANY |
NIST MS number | 63140 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 30. | 708.6 | Soják, Addová, et al., 2004 | 150. m/0.25 mm/1. μm, H2 |
Capillary | Squalane | 30. | 701.5 | Soják, Addová, et al., 2004 | He; Column length: 93. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | OV-3 | 30. | 712.0 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-3 | 40. | 713.0 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-3 | 50. | 714.0 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-3 | 60. | 715.2 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-3 | 70. | 716.4 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-3 | 80. | 717.6 | Chien, Furio, et al., 1983 | |
Capillary | OV-1 | 30. | 709.9 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 40. | 711.2 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 50. | 712.5 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 60. | 713.8 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 70. | 715.3 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | OV-1 | 80. | 716.8 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | SE-30 | 30. | 710.2 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | SE-30 | 40. | 711.5 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | SE-30 | 50. | 711.9 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | SE-30 | 60. | 712.6 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | SE-30 | 70. | 717.1 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Capillary | SE-30 | 80. | 714.3 | Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981 | H2 |
Packed | Squalane | 100. | 715. | Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980 | He, Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Column length: 1. m |
Packed | Squalane | 80. | 708. | Chrétien and Dubois, 1977 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 704. | Chretien and Dubois, 1976 | |
Capillary | Squalane | 50. | 704. | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 70. | 707. | Rijks and Cramers, 1974 | N2; Column length: 100. m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Capillary | Squalane | 40. | 706. | Matukuma, 1969 | N2; Column length: 91.4 m; Column diameter: 0.25 mm |
Packed | Squalane | 30. | 702. | Tourres, 1967 | H2; Column length: 10. m |
Packed | Squalane | 50. | 704. | Tourres, 1967 | H2; Column length: 10. m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 708. | White, Hackett, et al., 1992 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.5 μm, He, 1. K/min; Tstart: 30. C; Tend: 220. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 50. | 704. | N/A | N2; Column length: 74.6 m; Column diameter: 0.28 mm |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane: CP-Sil 5 CB | 703. | Bramston-Cook, 2013 | 60. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, Helium, 45. C @ 1.45 min, 3.6 K/min, 210. C @ 2.72 min |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 710. | Supelco, 2012 | 100. m/0.25 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 20. C @ 15. min, 15. K/min, 220. C @ 30. min |
Capillary | HP-5 MS | 712. | Zenkevich, Makarov A.A., et al., 2009 | 30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 220. C @ 10. min; Tstart: 50. C |
Capillary | PONA | 710. | Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Nitrogen, 35. C @ 15. min, 2. K/min, 200. C @ 10. min |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 709. | Sojak, Kubinec, et al., 2006 | 150. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | Petrocol DH | 709. | Sojak, Kubinec, et al., 2006 | 150. m/0.25 mm/1.0 μm, 1. K/min; Tstart: 40. C; Tend: 300. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 713. | Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C |
Capillary | OV-101 | 708. | Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999 | 50. m/0.20 mm/0.50 μm, Helium, 30. C @ 6. min, 1. K/min; Tend: 100. C |
Capillary | SE-54 | 716. | Guan, Li, et al., 1995 | 60. C @ 2. min, 4. K/min; Column length: 50. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Tend: 200. C |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | Polydimethyl siloxane | 708. | Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | Methyl Silicone | 705. | Zenkevich, 2000 | Program: not specified |
Capillary | DB-1 | 708. | Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994 | 60. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm; Program: not specified |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 750. | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 | Program: not specified |
References
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Parks, Todd, et al., 1936
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Shomate, C.H.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XVII. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for five higher olefins,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 2505. [all data]
Parks and Huffman, 1931
Parks, G.S.; Huffman, H.M.,
Some fusion and transition data for hydrocarbons,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1931, 23, 1138-9. [all data]
Malanowski, 2007
Malanowski, Stanislaw K.,
Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for Benzaldehyde with 1-Methylethylbenzene and for 2-Methyl-propan-2-ol with 2,4,4-Trimethyl-1-pentene,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2007, 52, 1, 239-243, https://doi.org/10.1021/je060359o
. [all data]
Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C.,
Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00,
AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637
. [all data]
Camin and Rossini, 1960
Camin, D.L.; Rossini, F.D.,
Physical properties of to selected C7 and C8 alkene hydrocarbons,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 368. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Camin and Rossini, 1960, 2
Camin, D.L.; Rossini, F.D.,
Physical Properties of 16 Selected C 7 and C 8 Alkene Hydrocarbons.,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1960, 5, 3, 368-372, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60007a037
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Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
. [all data]
Parks, Todd, et al., 1936, 2
Parks, G.S.; Todd, S.S.; Shomate, C.H.,
Thermal data on organic compounds. XVII. Some heat capacity, entropy and free energy data for five higher olefins,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 2505-2508. [all data]
Turner, Nettleton, et al., 1958
Turner, R.B.; Nettleton, J.E.; Perelman,
Heats of Hydrogenation. VI. Heats of hydrogenation of some substituted ethylenes,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1958, 80, 1430-1433. [all data]
Dolliver, Gresham, et al., 1937
Dolliver, M.a.; Gresham, T.L.; Kistiakowsky, G.B.; Vaughan, W.E.,
Heats of organic reactions. V. Heats of hydrogenation of various hydrocarbons,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 831-841. [all data]
Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G.,
Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]
Crawford and Parks, 1936
Crawford, B.L., Jr.; Parks, G.S.,
The heat of hydrogenation of diisobutylene,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1936, 58, 373. [all data]
Masclet, Grosjean, et al., 1973
Masclet, P.; Grosjean, D.; Mouvier, G.,
Alkene ionization potentials. Part I. Quantitative determination of alkyl group structural effects,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1973, 2, 225. [all data]
Soják, Addová, et al., 2004
Soják, L.; Addová, G.; Kubinec, R.; Kraus, A.; Bohác, A.,
Capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of all 93 acyclic octenes and their identification in fluid catalytic cracked gasoline,
J. Chromatogr. A, 2004, 1025, 2, 237-253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2003.10.112
. [all data]
Chien, Furio, et al., 1983
Chien, C.-F.; Furio, D.L.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J.,
Specific retention volumes and retention indices of selected hydrocarbon solutes with OV-3, OV-7, OV-11, OV-17, OV-22, and OV-25 polymethylphenylsiloxane solvents,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 1983, 6, 12, 669-679, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240061207
. [all data]
Chien, Kopecni, et al., 1981
Chien, C.-F.; Kopecni, M.M.; Laub, R.J.,
Specific Retention Volumes and Retention Indices of Selected Hydrocarbon Solutes with OV-1 and SE-30 Polydimethylsiloxane Solvents,
J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm., 1981, 4, 10, 539-543, https://doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240041017
. [all data]
Nabivach and Kirilenko, 1980
Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V.,
Relationship between the gas chromatographic behaviour and the molecular structure of hydrocarbon samples and various stationary phases. Part II. Correlation between the retention index, physicochemical properties and molecular structure,
Chromatographia, 1980, 13, 2, 93-100, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02263060
. [all data]
Chrétien and Dubois, 1977
Chrétien, J.R.; Dubois, J.E.,
Topological analysis of gas-liquid chromatographic behavior of alkenes,
Anal. Chem., 1977, 49, 6, 747-756, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac50014a021
. [all data]
Chretien and Dubois, 1976
Chretien, J.R.; Dubois, J.-E.,
New Perspectives in the Prediction of Kovats Indices,
J. Chromatogr., 1976, 126, 171-189, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(01)84071-1
. [all data]
Rijks and Cramers, 1974
Rijks, J.A.; Cramers, C.A.,
High precision capillary gas chromatography of hydrocarbons,
Chromatographia, 1974, 7, 3, 99-106, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02269819
. [all data]
Matukuma, 1969
Matukuma, A.,
Retention indices of alkanes through C10 and alkenes through C8 and relation between boiling points and retention data,
Gas Chromatogr., Int. Symp. Anal. Instrum. Div Instrum Soc. Amer., 1969, 7, 55-75. [all data]
Tourres, 1967
Tourres, D.A.,
Structural analysis of industrial butene dimers by gas chromatography,
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. [all data]
White, Hackett, et al., 1992
White, C.M.; Hackett, J.; Anderson, R.R.; Kail, S.; Spock, P.S.,
Linear temperature programmed retention indices of gasoline range hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons on cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane,
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. [all data]
Bramston-Cook, 2013
Bramston-Cook, R.,
Kovats indices for C2-C13 hydrocarbons and selected oxygenated/halocarbons with 100 % dimethylpolysiloxane columns, 2013, retrieved from http://lotusinstruments.com/monographs/List .... [all data]
Supelco, 2012
Supelco, CatalogNo. 24160-U,
Petrocol DH Columns. Catalog No. 24160-U, 2012, retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/etc/medialib/docs/Supelco/Datasheet/1/w97949.Par.0001.File.tmp/w97949.pdf. [all data]
Zenkevich, Makarov A.A., et al., 2009
Zenkevich, I.G.; Makarov A.A.; Schrader, S.; Moeder, M.,
A new version of an additive scheme for the prediction of gas chromatographic retention indices of the 211 structural isomers of 4-nonylphenol,
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Zhang, Ding, et al., 2009
Zhang, X.; Ding, L.; Sun, Z.; Song, L.; Sun, T.,
Study on quantitative structure-retention relationships for hydrocarbons in FCC gasoline,
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Sojak, Kubinec, et al., 2006
Sojak, L.; Kubinec, R.; Jurdakova, H.; Hajekova, E.; Bajus, M.,
GC-MS of polyethylene and polypropylene thermal cracking produxts,
Petroleum Coal, 2006, 48, 1, 1-14. [all data]
Orav, Kailas, et al., 1999
Orav, A.; Kailas, T.; Muurisepp, M.; Kann, J.,
Composition of the oil from waste tires. 1. Fraction boiling at yp to 160 0C,
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Guan, Li, et al., 1995
Guan, Y.; Li, L.; Zhou, L.,
Live retention database for compound identification in capillary gas chromatography,
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Junkes, Castanho, et al., 2003
Junkes, B.S.; Castanho, R.D.M.; Amboni, C.; Yunes, R.A.; Heinzen, V.E.F.,
Semiempirical Topological Index: A Novel Molecular Descriptor for Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Studies,
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Zenkevich, I.G.,
Mutual Correlation between Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of Unsaturated and Saturated Hydrocarbons found by Molecular Dynamics,
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Ciccioli, Cecinato, et al., 1994
Ciccioli, P.; Cecinato, A.; Brancaleoni, E.; Brachetti, A.; Frattoni, M.; Sparapani, R.,
Composition and Distribution of Polar and Non-Polar VOCs in Urban, Rural, Forest and Remote Areas,
Eur Commission EUR, 1994, 549-568. [all data]
Peng, Yang, et al., 1991
Peng, C.T.; Yang, Z.C.; Ding, S.F.,
Prediction of rentention idexes. II. Structure-retention index relationship on polar columns,
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. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Gas Chromatography, References
- Symbols used in this document:
Tboil Boiling point Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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