1,2-Ethanediol

• Formula: C₂H₆O₂
• Molecular weight: 62.0678
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C2H6O2/c3-1-2-4/h3-4H,1-2H2 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 107-21-1
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
  The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
• Species with the same structure:
  • Pluronic f-68
• Other names: Ethylene glycol; Ethylene alcohol; Glycol; Glycol alcohol; Lutrol 9; Macrogol 400 BPC; Monoethylene glycol; Ramp; Tescol; 1,2-Dihydroxyethane; 2-Hydroxyethanol; HOCH2CH2OH; Aethylenglykol; Ethane-1,2-diol; Fridex; MEG 100; 1,2-Ethandiol; Ucar 17; Dowtherm SR 1; Norkool; Zerex; Ilexan E; 1,2-Ethylene glycol; 146AR; Ethylene dihydrate; NSC 93876; Union Carbide XL 54 Type I De-icing Fluid; Dihydroxyethane; Ethanediol; Ethylene gycol; Glygen; Athylenglykol; M.e.g.; Aliphatic diol
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Condensed phase thermochemistry data
  • Phase change data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Henry's Law data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Gas Chromatography
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
• Options:
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
GT - Glushko Thermocenter, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Constant pressure heat capacity of gas

Condensed phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid

Phase change data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing

Enthalpy of vaporization

Antoine Equation Parameters

log₁₀(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
    P = vapor pressure (atm)
    T = temperature (K)

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Enthalpy of fusion

Entropy of fusion

Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (Cl^- • C₂H₆O₂) + C₂H₆O₂ = (Cl^- • 2C₂H₆O₂)

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₂H₆O₂ = (Cl^- • C₂H₆O₂)

C₂H₅O₂^- +  =

By formula: C₂H₅O₂^- + H⁺ = C₂H₆O₂

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂H₆O₂ + C₃H₆O = C₅H₁₀O₂ + H₂O

 +  =  + 

By formula: C₂H₆O₂ + HNO₃ = C₂H₅NO₄ + H₂O

 +  = C₂H₆NO₃^-

By formula: NO^- + C₂H₆O₂ = C₂H₆NO₃^-

Henry's Law data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: Rolf Sander

Henry's Law constant (water solution)

k_H(T) = k°_H exp(d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°_H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(k_H))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LBLHLM - Sharon G. Lias, John E. Bartmess, Joel F. Liebman, John L. Holmes, Rhoda D. Levin, and W. Gary Mallard
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi

View reactions leading to C₂H₆O₂⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

De-protonation reactions

C₂H₅O₂^- +  =

By formula: C₂H₅O₂^- + H⁺ = C₂H₆O₂

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + C₂H₆O₂ = (Cl^- • C₂H₆O₂)

( • ) +  = ( • 2)

By formula: (Cl^- • C₂H₆O₂) + C₂H₆O₂ = (Cl^- • 2C₂H₆O₂)

 +  = C₂H₆NO₃^-

By formula: NO^- + C₂H₆O₂ = C₂H₆NO₃^-

IR Spectrum

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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.

• LIQUID (NEAT); DOW KBr FOREPRISM-GRATING; DIGITIZED BY NIST FROM HARD COPY (FROM TWO SEGMENTS); 4 cm^-1 resolution

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

• gas

Mass spectrum (electron ionization)

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Spectrum

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Additional Data

References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Knauth and Sabbah, 1990
Knauth, P.; Sabbah, R., Energetics of intra- and intermolecular bonds in ω-alkanediols (II) Thermochemical study of 1,2-ethanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, and 1,5-pentanediol at 298.15K, Struct. Chem., 1990, 1, 43-46. [all data]

Knauth and Sabbah, 1989
Knauth, P.; Sabbah, R., Combustion calorimetry on milligram samples of liquid substances with a CRMT rocking bomb calorimeter. Application to the study of ω-alkanediol at 298.15 K, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1989, 21, 203-210. [all data]

Gardner and Hussain, 1972
Gardner, P.J.; Hussain, K.S., The standard enthalpies of formation of some aliphatic diols, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1972, 4, 819-827. [all data]

McClaine, 1947
McClaine, L.A., Thermodynamic data for some compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, Ph.D. Thesis for Stanford University, 1947, 1-57. [all data]

Parks, West, et al., 1946
Parks, G.S.; West, T.J.; Naylor, B.F.; Fujii, P.S.; McClaine, L.A., Thermal data on organic compounds. XXIII. Modern combustion data for fourteen hydrocarbons and five polyhydroxy alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1946, 68, 2524-2527. [all data]

Moureu and Dode, 1937
Moureu, H.; Dode, M., Chaleurs de formation de l'oxyde d'ethylene, de l'ethanediol et de quelques homologues, Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1937, 4, 637-647. [all data]

Chao J., 1986
Chao J., Thermodynamic properties of key organic oxygen compounds in the carbon range C1 to C4. Part 2. Ideal gas properties, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1986, 15, 1369-1436. [all data]

Buckley P., 1967
Buckley P., Infrared studies on rotational isomerism. I. Ethylene glycol, Can. J. Chem., 1967, 45, 397-407. [all data]

Stull D.R., 1969
Stull D.R., Jr., The Chemical Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds. Wiley, New York, 1969. [all data]

Yeh T.-S., 1994
Yeh T.-S., Global conformational analysis of 1,2-ethanediol, J. Phys. Chem., 1994, 98, 8921-8929. [all data]

Frei H., 1977
Frei H., Ethylene glycol: infrared spectra, ab initio calculation, vibrational analysis and conformations of 5 matrix isolated isotopic modifications, Chem. Phys., 1977, 25, 271-298. [all data]

Dyatkina M.E., 1954
Dyatkina M.E., Thermodynamic functions of normal alcohols (propanol, butanol, ethylene glycol), Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1954, 28, 377. [all data]

Cox and Pilcher, 1970
Cox, J.D.; Pilcher, G., Thermochemistry of Organic and Organometallic Compounds, Academic Press, New York, 1970, 1-636. [all data]

Parks, Kelley, et al., 1929
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K.; Huffman, H.M., Thermal data on organic compounds. V. A revision of the entropies and free energies of nineteen organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1929, 51, 1969-1973. [all data]

Parks and Kelley, 1925
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K., Thermal data on organic compounds. II. The heat capacities of five organic compounds. The entropies and free energies of some homologous series of aliphatic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 2089-2097. [all data]

Zaripov, 1982
Zaripov, Z.I., Experimental study of the isobaric heat capacity of liquid organic compounds with molecular weights of up to 4000 a.e.m., 1982, Teplomassoobmen Teplofiz. [all data]

Stephens and Tamplin, 1979
Stephens, M.A.; Tamplin, W.S., Saturated liquid specific heats of ethylene glycol homologues, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1979, 24, 81-82. [all data]

Murthy and Subrahmanyam, 1977
Murthy, N.M.; Subrahmanyam, S.V., Behaviour of excess heat capacity of aqueous non-electrolytes, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys., 1977, 15, 485-489. [all data]

Kawaizumi, Otake, et al., 1972
Kawaizumi, F.; Otake, T.; Nomura, H.; Miyahara, Y., Heat capacities of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and 1,3-butanediol, Nippon Kagaku. Kaishi, 1972, 1972, 1733-1776. [all data]

Paz Andrade, Paz, et al., 1970
Paz Andrade, M.I.; Paz, J.M.; Recacho, E., Contribucion a la microcalorimetria de los calores especificos de solidos y liquidos, An. Quim., 1970, 66, 961-967. [all data]

Nikolaev and Rabinovich, 1967
Nikolaev, P.N.; Rabinovich, I.B., Heat capacity of ethylene glycol and ethylene deuteroglycol in the temperature range 80-300K, Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1967, 41, 2191-2194. [all data]

Tungusov and Mishchenko, 1965
Tungusov, V.P.; Mishchenko, K.P., Specific heat of pure ethylene glycol and solution of NaI and KI in ethylene glycol at 25°C, Zhur. Fiz. Khim., 1965, 39, 2968-2972. [all data]

Rabinovich and Nikolaev, 1962
Rabinovich, I.B.; Nikolaev, P.N., Isotopic effect in the specific heat of some deutero compounds, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1962, SSSR 142, 1335-1338. [all data]

Neiman and Kurlyankin, 1932
Neiman, M.B.; Kurlyankin, I.A., Thermodynamic studies of solutions. II. Study of the thermodynamics of aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol at different temperatures, Zhur. Obshch. Khim., 1932, 2, 318-321. [all data]

Knauth and Sabbah, 1990, 2
Knauth, P.; Sabbah, R., Can. J. Chem., 1990, 68, 731. [all data]

Wilhoit, Chao, et al., 1985
Wilhoit, R.C.; Chao, J.; Hall, K.R., Thermodynamic Properties of Key Organic Compounds in the Carbon Range C1 to C4. Part 1. Properties of Condensed Phases, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1985, 14, 1. [all data]

Nikolaev and Rabinovich, 1967, 2
Nikolaev, P.N.; Rabinovich, I.B., Zh. Fiz. Khim., 1967, 41, 9, 2191. [all data]

Parks and Kelley, 1925, 2
Parks, G.S.; Kelley, K.K., Thermal Data on Organic Compounds II. The Heat Capacities of Five Organic Compounds. The Entropies and Free Energies of Some Homologous Series of Aliphatic Compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 2089-97. [all data]

Nikitin, Pavlov, et al., 1993
Nikitin, E.D.; Pavlov, P.A.; Skripov, P.V., Measurement of the critical properties of thermally unstable substances and mixtures by the pulse-heating method, J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1993, 25, 869-80. [all data]

Teja and Rosenthal, 1991
Teja, A.S.; Rosenthal, D.J., The critical pressures and temperatures of ten substances using a low residence time flow apparatus in Experimental Results for Phase Equilibria and Pure Component Properties, DIPPR DATA Series No. 1, 1991. [all data]

Teja and Anselme, 1990
Teja, A.S.; Anselme, M.J., The critical properties of thermally stable and unstable fluids. I. 1985 results, AIChE Symp. Ser., 1990, 86, 279, 115-21. [all data]

Stephens and Tamplin, 1979, 2
Stephens, M.A.; Tamplin, W.S., Saturated Liquid SPecific Heats of Ethylene GLycol Homologues, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1979, 24, 81-2. [all data]

Artemchenko, 1972
Artemchenko, A.I., Fiz. Khim. Rastvorov, 1972, 1972, 128-34. [all data]

Lyons, 1985
Lyons, R.L., The determination of critical properties and vapor pressure of thermally stable and unstable compounds, M. S. Thesis, 1985. [all data]

Petitjean, Reyes-Perez, et al., 2010
Petitjean, M.; Reyes-Perez, E.; Perez, D.; Mirabel, Ph.; Le Calve, S., Vapor Pressure Measurements of Hydroxyacetaldehyde and Hydroxyacetone in the Temperature Range (273 to 356) K, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 2010, 55, 2, 852-855, https://doi.org/10.1021/je9004905 . [all data]

Al-Najjar and Al-Sammerrai, 2007
Al-Najjar, Hazim; Al-Sammerrai, Dhoaib, Thermogravimetric determination of the heat of vaporization of some highly polar solvents, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 2007, 37, 3, 145-152, https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280370302 . [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Jones and Tamplin, 1952
Jones, W.S.; Tamplin, W.S., Chapter 9. Physical Properties of Propylene Glycol in Glycols. American Chemical Society Monograph 114, G.O. Curme, Jr., ed(s)., Reinhold, New York, 1952, 210-240. [all data]

Gallaugher and Hibbert, 1937
Gallaugher, A.F.; Hibbert, H., Studies on reactions relating to carbohydrates and polysaccharides. LV. Vapor pressures of the polyethylene glycols and their derivatives, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1937, 59, 2521-2525. [all data]

Pedley, Naylor, et al., 1986
Pedley, J.B.; Naylor, R.D.; Kirby, S.P., Thermochemical Data of Organic Compounds, Chapman and Hall, New York, 1986, 1-792. [all data]

Schierholtz and Staples, 1935
Schierholtz, O.J.; Staples, M.L., Vapor Pressures of Certain Glycols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1935, 57, 12, 2709-2711, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01315a106 . [all data]

de Forcrand, 1901
de Forcrand, M., Compt. Rend., 1901, 132, 688. [all data]

Jones and Tamplin, 1952, 2
Jones, W.S.; Tamplin, W.S., Chapter 3. Physical Properties of Ethylene Glycol in Glycols, George O. Curme, Jr., ed(s)., Reinhold Publishing Corporation, 330 West Forty-Second Street, New York, U.S.A., 1952, 27-62. [all data]

Zhang, Beglinger, et al., 1995
Zhang, W.; Beglinger, C.; Stone, J.A., High-pressure mass spectrometric study of the gas-phase association of Cl- with alpha,omega-diols, J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 30, 11673, https://doi.org/10.1021/j100030a009 . [all data]

Crowder and Bartmess, 1993
Crowder, C.; Bartmess, J., The Gas Phase Acidities of Diols, J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom., 1993, 4, 9, 723, https://doi.org/10.1016/1044-0305(93)80051-Y . [all data]

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Anteunis, M.; Rommelaere, Y., NMR experiments on acetals. XXIX. The ease of acetonide formation of some glycols, Bull. Soc. Chim. Belg., 1970, 79, 523-530. [all data]

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Tsvetkov, V.G.; Sopin, V.P.; Tsvetkova, L.Ya.; Marchenko, G.N., Enthalpy of reaction of nitric acid with some organic compounds, J. Gen. Chem. USSR, 1986, 56, 471-474. [all data]

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Hendricks, J.H.; de Clercq, H.L.; Freidhoff, C.B.; Arnold, S.T.; Eaton, J.G.; Fancher, C.; Lyapustina, S.A.; S., Anion solvation at the microscopic level: Photoelectron spectroscopy of the solvated anion clusters, NO-(Y)(n), where Y=Ar, Kr, Xe, N2O, H2S, NH3, H2O, and C2H4(OH)(2), J. Chem. Phys., 2002, 116, 18, 7926-7938, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1457444 . [all data]

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Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G., Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018 . [all data]

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Ohno, K.; Imai, K.; Harada, Y., Variations in reactivity of lone-pair electrons due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding as observed by penning ionization electron spectroscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 8078. [all data]

Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S., Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]

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Von Niessen, W.; Bieri, G.; Asbrink, L., 30.4 nm He(II) photoelectron spectra of organic molecules. Part III. Oxo-compounds (C,H,O), J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1980, 21, 175. [all data]

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Holmes, Lossing, et al., 1983
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P.; Terlouw, J.K.; Burgers, P.C., Novel gas-phase ions. The radical cations [CH₂XH]⁺. (X = F, Cl, Br, I, OH, NH², SH) and [CH₂CH₂NH₃]⁺., Can. J. Chem., 1983, 61, 2305. [all data]

Holmes, Lossing, et al., 1982
Holmes, J.L.; Lossing, F.P.; Terlouw, J.K.; Burgers, P.C., The radical cation [CH₂OH₂]⁺ and related stable gas phase ion-dipole complexes, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1982, 104, 2931. [all data]

Burgers, Holmes, et al., 1987
Burgers, P.C.; Holmes, J.L.; Hop, C.E.C.A.; Postma, R.; Ruttink, P.J.A.; Terlouw, J.K., The isomeric [C₂H₆O₂]⁺ hydrogen-bridged radical cations [CH₂-O(H)...H...O=CH₂]⁺, [CH₃-O...H...O=CH₂]⁺, and [CH₃-O(H)...H...O=CH]⁺: Theory and experiment, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987, 109, 7315. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References

• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  Cp,gas	Constant pressure heat capacity of gas
  Cp,liquid	Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
  Pc	Critical pressure
  S°gas	Entropy of gas at standard conditions
  S°liquid	Entropy of liquid at standard conditions
  Tboil	Boiling point
  Tc	Critical temperature
  Tfus	Fusion (melting) point
  Ttriple	Triple point temperature
  d(ln(kH))/d(1/T)	Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant
  k°H	Henry's Law constant at 298.15K
  ΔcH°liquid	Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔfH°liquid	Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions
  ΔfusH	Enthalpy of fusion
  ΔfusS	Entropy of fusion
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔvapH	Enthalpy of vaporization
  ΔvapH°	Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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