Propyl mercaptan
- Formula: C3H8S
- Molecular weight: 76.161
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: SUVIGLJNEAMWEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 107-03-9
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: 1-Propanethiol; n-Propyl mercaptan; Propanethiol; 1-Propyl mercaptan; n-C3H7SH; Propane-1-thiol; 1-Mercaptopropane; 1-Propylthiol; n-Propylthiol; Propylthiol
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | -16.39 ± 0.15 | kcal/mol | Ccr | Hubbard and Waddington, 1954 | Heat of combustion calculated author's U=-675.26 |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°liquid | -24.04 ± 0.15 | kcal/mol | Ccr | Hubbard and Waddington, 1954 | Heat of combustion calculated author's U=-675.26; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°liquid | -675.26 ± 0.12 | kcal/mol | Ccr | Hubbard and Waddington, 1954 | Heat of combustion calculated author's U=-675.26; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
S°liquid | 57.959 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | DH |
Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid
Cp,liquid (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
34.551 | 298.15 | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | T = 10 to 320 K.; DH |
Phase change data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
CAL - James S. Chickos, William E. Acree, Jr., Joel F. Liebman, Students of Chem 202 (Introduction to the Literature of Chemistry), University of Missouri -- St. Louis
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 340.9 ± 0.7 | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 18 out of 21 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 160. ± 1. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 6 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Ttriple | 159.9800 | K | N/A | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956, 2 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.05 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 159.9900 | K | N/A | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956, 2 | Crystal phase 1 phase; Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.03 K; TRC |
Ttriple | 160.00 | K | N/A | Anonymous, 1954 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.07 K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 536.6 | K | N/A | Teja and Anselme, 1990 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.4 K; TRC |
Tc | 535.6 | K | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ρc | 3.49 | mol/l | N/A | Teja and Anselme, 1990 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 0.1 mol/l; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 7.660 | kcal/mol | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
ΔvapH° | 7.62 | kcal/mol | N/A | Reid, 1972 | AC |
ΔvapH° | 7.645 | kcal/mol | V | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956, 3 | ALS |
ΔvapH° | 7.65 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hubbard and Waddington, 1954 | DRB |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
7.060 | 340.9 | N/A | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 | |
8.05 | 269. | N/A | Dykyj, Svoboda, et al., 1999 | Based on data from 254. to 364. K.; AC |
7.60 | 312. | A,EB | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 297. to 375. K. See also Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956, Osborn and Douslin, 1966, and Hubbard and Waddington, 2010.; AC |
7.55 ± 0.02 | 303. | C | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | AC |
7.34 ± 0.02 | 320. | C | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | AC |
7.05 ± 0.02 | 341. | C | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | AC |
7.53 | 312. | N/A | Taylor and Layng, 1933 | Based on data from 284. to 340. K.; AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH =
A exp(-βTr) (1 − Tr)β
ΔvapH =
Enthalpy of vaporization (at saturation pressure)
(kcal/mol)
Tr = reduced temperature (T / Tc)
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Temperature (K) | A (kcal/mol) | β | Tc (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
303. to 341. | 11.1 | 0.2753 | 535.6 | Majer and Svoboda, 1985 |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (atm)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
297.42 to 375.24 | 4.04782 | 1183.392 | -48.516 | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
1.31 | 160. | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | AC |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
6.680 | 142.1 | Domalski and Hearing, 1996 | CAL |
8.181 | 160. |
Enthalpy of phase transition
ΔHtrs (kcal/mol) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.94909 | 142.10 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | DH |
1.3090 | 160.00 | crystaline, I | liquid | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | DH |
Entropy of phase transition
ΔStrs (cal/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Initial Phase | Final Phase | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6.680 | 142.10 | crystaline, II | crystaline, I | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | DH |
8.181 | 160.00 | crystaline, I | liquid | Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956 | DH |
Henry's Law data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Rolf Sander
Henry's Law constant (water solution)
kH(T) = k°H exp(d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) ((1/T) - 1/(298.15 K)))
k°H = Henry's law constant for solubility in water at 298.15 K (mol/(kg*bar))
d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) = Temperature dependence constant (K)
k°H (mol/(kg*bar)) | d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) (K) | Method | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
0.25 | 3600. | M | N/A |
Gas phase ion energetics data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
L - Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to C3H8S+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IE (evaluated) | 9.20 ± 0.01 | eV | N/A | N/A | L |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Proton affinity (review) | 190.0 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 182.5 | kcal/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
9.21 | PE | Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981 | LLK |
9.19 | PE | Ogata, Onizuka, et al., 1973 | LLK |
9.195 ± 0.005 | PI | Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962 | RDSH |
De-protonation reactions
C3H7S- + =
By formula: C3H7S- + H+ = C3H8S
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 354.2 ± 2.2 | kcal/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 347.9 ± 2.0 | kcal/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Ion clustering data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: Michael M. Meot-Ner (Mautner) and Sharon G. Lias
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.
Clustering reactions
By formula: C3H9Sn+ + C3H8S = (C3H9Sn+ • C3H8S)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 34.2 | kcal/mol | PHPMS | Stone and Splinter, 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrS° | 32.2 | cal/mol*K | N/A | Stone and Splinter, 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated |
Free energy of reaction
ΔrG° (kcal/mol) | T (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
17.3 | 525. | PHPMS | Stone and Splinter, 1984 | gas phase; switching reaction((CH3)3Sn+)CH3OH, Entropy change calculated or estimated |
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-3863 |
NIST MS number | 231055 |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Hubbard and Waddington, 1954
Hubbard, W.N.; Waddington, G.,
The heat of combustion, formation and isomerization of propanethiol-1, propane-thiol-2 and 2-thiabutane,
Rec. Trav. Chim. Pays/Bas, 1954, 73, 910. [all data]
Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956
Pennington, R.E.; Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G.,
The chemical thermodynamic properties and rotational tautomerism of 1-propanethiol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 3266-3272. [all data]
Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956, 2
Pennington, R.E.; Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G.,
The chemical thermodynamic properties and rotational tautomerism of 1-propanethiol.,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 3266-72. [all data]
Anonymous, 1954
Anonymous, R.,
, Am. Pet. Inst. Res. Proj. 45, Tech. Rep. 13, Ohio State Univ., 1954. [all data]
Teja and Anselme, 1990
Teja, A.S.; Anselme, M.J.,
The critical properties of thermally stable and unstable fluids. II. 1986 results,
AIChE Symp. Ser., 1990, 86, 279, 122-7. [all data]
Majer and Svoboda, 1985
Majer, V.; Svoboda, V.,
Enthalpies of Vaporization of Organic Compounds: A Critical Review and Data Compilation, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1985, 300. [all data]
Reid, 1972
Reid, Robert C.,
Handbook on vapor pressure and heats of vaporization of hydrocarbons and related compounds, R. C. Wilhort and B. J. Zwolinski, Texas A Research Foundation. College Station, Texas(1971). 329 pages.$10.00,
AIChE J., 1972, 18, 6, 1278-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180637
. [all data]
Pennington, Scott, et al., 1956, 3
Pennington, R.E.; Scott, D.W.; Finke, H.L.; McCullough, J.P.; Messerly, J.F.; Hossenlopp, I.A.; Waddington, G.,
The chemical thermodynamic properties and rotational tautomerism of 1-propanethiol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1956, 78, 3266-32. [all data]
Dykyj, Svoboda, et al., 1999
Dykyj, J.; Svoboda, J.; Wilhoit, R.C.; Frenkel, M.L.; Hall, K.R.,
Vapor Pressure of Chemicals: Part A. Vapor Pressure and Antoine Constants for Hydrocarbons and Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium and Hydrogen Containing Organic Compounds, Springer, Berlin, 1999, 373. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Osborn and Douslin, 1966
Osborn, A.G.; Douslin, D.R.,
Vapor Pressure Relations of 36 Sulfur Compounds Present in Petroleum.,
J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1966, 11, 4, 502-509, https://doi.org/10.1021/je60031a014
. [all data]
Hubbard and Waddington, 2010
Hubbard, Ward N.; Waddington, Guy,
The heats of combustion, formation and isomerization of propanethiol-1, propane-thiol-2 and 2-thiabutane,
Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 2010, 73, 11, 910-923, https://doi.org/10.1002/recl.19540731107
. [all data]
Taylor and Layng, 1933
Taylor, H. Austin; Layng, Edwin T.,
The Thermal Decomposition of Propyl Mercaptan,
J. Chem. Phys., 1933, 1, 11, 798, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749248
. [all data]
Domalski and Hearing, 1996
Domalski, Eugene S.; Hearing, Elizabeth D.,
Heat Capacities and Entropies of Organic Compounds in the Condensed Phase. Volume III,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1996, 25, 1, 1, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555985
. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Kimura, Katsumata, et al., 1981
Kimura, K.; Katsumata, S.; Achiba, Y.; Yamazaki, T.; Iwata, S.,
Ionization energies, Ab initio assignments, and valence electronic structure for 200 molecules
in Handbook of HeI Photoelectron Spectra of Fundamental Organic Compounds, Japan Scientific Soc. Press, Tokyo, 1981. [all data]
Ogata, Onizuka, et al., 1973
Ogata, H.; Onizuka, H.; Nihei, Y.; Kamada, H.,
The photoelectron spectra of alcohols, mercaptans and amines,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1973, 46, 3036. [all data]
Watanabe, Nakayama, et al., 1962
Watanabe, K.; Nakayama, T.; Mottl, J.,
Ionization potentials of some molecules,
J. Quant. Spectry. Radiative Transfer, 1962, 2, 369. [all data]
Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr.,
The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]
Stone and Splinter, 1984
Stone, J.A.; Splinter, D.E.,
A high-pressure mass spectrometric study of the binding of (CH3)3Sn+ to lewis bases in the gas phase,
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Processes, 1984, 59, 169. [all data]
Notes
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Henry's Law data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), References
- Symbols used in this document:
Cp,liquid Constant pressure heat capacity of liquid IE (evaluated) Recommended ionization energy S°liquid Entropy of liquid at standard conditions T Temperature Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point Ttriple Triple point temperature d(ln(kH))/d(1/T) Temperature dependence parameter for Henry's Law constant k°H Henry's Law constant at 298.15K ΔHtrs Enthalpy of phase transition ΔStrs Entropy of phase transition ΔcH°liquid Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrS° Entropy of reaction at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions ρc Critical density - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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