p-Aminotoluene
- Formula: C7H9N
- Molecular weight: 107.1531
- IUPAC Standard InChIKey: RZXMPPFPUUCRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- CAS Registry Number: 106-49-0
- Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript. - Other names: p-Toluidine; p-Methylaniline; p-Methylbenzenamine; p-Tolylamine; C.I. Azoic coupling component 107; 1-Amino-4-methylbenzene; 4-Aminotoluene; 4-Methylaniline; 4-Methylbenzenamine; 4-Toluidine; Benzenamine, 4-methyl-; 4-Amino-1-methylbenzene; 4-Tolylamine; p-Toluidin; Aniline, p-methyl-; 4-Aminotoluen; Rcra waste number U353; C.I. 37107; Naphtol AS-KG; Naphtol AS-KGLL; NSC 15350
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Gas phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DRB - Donald R. Burgess, Jr.
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°gas | 41.8 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Draeger, 1984 | ALS |
ΔfH°gas | 62.2 | kJ/mol | N/A | Pushin, 1954 | Value computed using ΔfHliquid° value of 19 kj/mol from Pushin, 1954 and ΔvapH° value of 43.18 kj/mol from missing citation.; DRB |
Condensed phase thermochemistry data
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔfH°liquid | 19. | kJ/mol | Ccb | Pushin, 1954 | Author's hf298_condensed=1.8 kcal/mol; ALS |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔcH°liquid | -4059. | kJ/mol | Ccb | Pushin, 1954 | Author's hf298_condensed=1.8 kcal/mol; ALS |
ΔcH°liquid | -4061.4 | kJ/mol | Ccb | Swarts, 1909 | ALS |
Constant pressure heat capacity of solid
Cp,solid (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
165.2 | 298.15 | Meva'a and Lichanot, 1990 | T = 273 to 368 K. Cp(c) = 147.505 + 0.604T + 3.525x10-3T2 + 2.351x10-5T3 J/mol*K (-100 to 30 C). Cp(liq) = 212.982 + 0.182T J/mol*K (50 to 95 C).; DH |
124.3 | 293. | Campbell and Campbell, 1940 | DH |
Phase change data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
TRC - Thermodynamics Research Center, NIST Boulder Laboratories, Chris Muzny director
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
DH - Eugene S. Domalski and Elizabeth D. Hearing
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tboil | 474. ± 1. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 9 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tfus | 317. ± 2. | K | AVG | N/A | Average of 25 out of 26 values; Individual data points |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Tc | 667.15 | K | N/A | Glaser and Ruland, 1957 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2. K; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Pc | 23.8114 | bar | N/A | Glaser and Ruland, 1957 | Uncertainty assigned by TRC = 2.0265 bar; TRC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔvapH° | 57.8 ± 0.3 | kJ/mol | GS | Emel'yanenk and Verevkin, 2005 | Based on data from 319. to 345. K.; AC |
ΔvapH° | 43.18 | kJ/mol | C | Glaser and Ruland, 1957 | ALS |
ΔvapH° | 62.1 | kJ/mol | N/A | Glaser and Rüland, 1957 | Based on data from 474. to 641. K. See also Emel'yanenk and Verevkin, 2005.; AC |
ΔvapH° | 55.9 | kJ/mol | EB | Berliner and May, 1927 | Based on data from 313. to 473. K. See also Emel'yanenk and Verevkin, 2005.; AC |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔsubH° | 76.2 ± 0.3 | kJ/mol | GS | Emel'yanenk and Verevkin, 2005 | Based on data from 284. to 313. K.; AC |
ΔsubH° | 78.8 ± 0.5 | kJ/mol | N/A | Chao, Gadalla, et al., 1990 | AC |
Enthalpy of vaporization
ΔvapH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
51.1 | 408. | A | Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987 | Based on data from 393. to 474. K.; AC |
54.9 | 330. | N/A | Stull, 1947 | Based on data from 315. to 473. K.; AC |
Antoine Equation Parameters
log10(P) = A − (B / (T + C))
P = vapor pressure (bar)
T = temperature (K)
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Temperature (K) | A | B | C | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
315. to 473.6 | 4.71884 | 1961.716 | -57.00 | Stull, 1947 | Coefficents calculated by NIST from author's data. |
Enthalpy of fusion
ΔfusH (kJ/mol) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
17.300 | 316.55 | Meva'a and Lichanot, 1990 | DH |
17.19 | 317. | Censký, Lipovská, et al., 2001 | AC |
17.89 | 316.5 | Acree, 1991 | AC |
17.3 | 316.6 | Meva'a and Lichanot, 1990 | AC |
18.9 | 316.9 | Rastogi, Nigam, et al., 1963 | AC |
17.28 | 315.6 | Eykman, 1889 | AC |
17.280 | 315.6 | Eykman, 1889, 2 | DH |
Entropy of fusion
ΔfusS (J/mol*K) | Temperature (K) | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
55. | 316.55 | Meva'a and Lichanot, 1990 | DH |
Reaction thermochemistry data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
ALS - Hussein Y. Afeefy, Joel F. Liebman, and Stephen E. Stein
Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.
Individual Reactions
C7H8N- + =
By formula: C7H8N- + H+ = C7H9N
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1537. ± 8.8 | kJ/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1507. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
By formula: C7H9N + C7H5IO = HI + C14H13NO
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -168. ± 2. | kJ/mol | Cac | Kiselev, Khuzyasheva, et al., 1979 | liquid phase; solvent: Benzene; ALS |
By formula: C7H9N + C7H5BrO = HBr + C14H13NO
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -170. ± 0.8 | kJ/mol | Cac | Kiselev, Khuzyasheva, et al., 1979 | liquid phase; solvent: Benzene; ALS |
By formula: C7H9N + C7H5ClO = C14H13NO + HCl
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -164. ± 1. | kJ/mol | Cac | Kiselev, Khuzyasheva, et al., 1979 | liquid phase; solvent: Benzene; ALS |
C15H16N2O = +
By formula: C15H16N2O = C7H9N + C8H7NO
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 146.1 ± 0.9 | kJ/mol | Eqk | Chimishkyan, Svetlova, et al., 1984 | solid phase; Dissociation; ALS |
By formula: C8H11N = 0.5C7H9N + 0.5C9H13N
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | -1. | kJ/mol | Kin | Kachurin, Matvienko, et al., 1980 | liquid phase; ALS |
Gas phase ion energetics data
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
HL - Edward P. Hunter and Sharon G. Lias
Data compiled as indicated in comments:
B - John E. Bartmess
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron
View reactions leading to C7H9N+ (ion structure unspecified)
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Proton affinity (review) | 896.7 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
Gas basicity | 864.8 | kJ/mol | N/A | Hunter and Lias, 1998 | HL |
Ionization energy determinations
IE (eV) | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
7.37 | PE | Cowling and Johnstone, 1973 | LLK |
7.24 ± 0.02 | PI | Potapov and Iskakov, 1971 | LLK |
7.6 ± 0.1 | CTS | Farrell and Newton, 1966 | RDSH |
7.6 ± 0.1 | EI | Eland, Shepherd, et al., 1966 | RDSH |
7.58 | CTS | Kinoshita, 1962 | RDSH |
7.65 | CTS | Briegleb and Czekalla, 1959 | RDSH |
7.81 | PE | Palmer, Moyes, et al., 1979 | Vertical value; LLK |
7.85 ± 0.05 | PE | Szepes, Distefano, et al., 1974 | Vertical value; LLK |
7.62 | PE | Kobayashi and Nagakura, 1972 | Vertical value; LLK |
7.78 | PE | Baker, May, et al., 1968 | Vertical value; RDSH |
Appearance energy determinations
Ion | AE (eV) | Other Products | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
C7H8N+ | 11.0 ± 0.1 | H | PI | Potapov and Iskakov, 1971 | LLK |
C7H8N+ | 10.80 | H | EI | Howe and Williams, 1969 | RDSH |
De-protonation reactions
C7H8N- + =
By formula: C7H8N- + H+ = C7H9N
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ΔrH° | 1537. ± 8.8 | kJ/mol | G+TS | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
Quantity | Value | Units | Method | Reference | Comment |
ΔrG° | 1507. ± 8.4 | kJ/mol | IMRE | Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979 | gas phase; value altered from reference due to change in acidity scale; B |
IR Spectrum
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Data compiled by: Coblentz Society, Inc.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Spectrum
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Additional Data
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Due to licensing restrictions, this spectrum cannot be downloaded.
Owner | NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center Collection (C) 2014 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
---|---|
Origin | Japan AIST/NIMC Database- Spectrum MS-NW-8703 |
NIST MS number | 228036 |
UV/Visible spectrum
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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Spectrum
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Additional Data
View image of digitized spectrum (can be printed in landscape orientation).
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Download spectrum in JCAMP-DX format.
Source | Lang (editor), 1961 |
---|---|
Owner | INEP CP RAS, NIST OSRD Collection (C) 2007 copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States of America. All rights reserved. |
Origin | INSTITUTE OF ENERGY PROBLEMS OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS, RAS |
Source reference | RAS UV No. 19750 |
Instrument | Beckman Model DU |
Melting point | 44-45 |
Gas Chromatography
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, References, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | SE-30 | 180. | 1092. | Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1985 | N2, Chromosorb A AW; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | SE-30 | 180. | 1092. | Oszczapowicz, Osek, et al., 1984 | N2, Chromosorb W AW; Column length: 3. m |
Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal
Column type | Active phase | Temperature (C) | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Packed | Carbowax 20M | 165. | 1828.9 | Ellis and Still, 1979 | Chromosorb W, AW-DMCS |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 179. | 1822. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 200. | 1825. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-2000 | 200. | 1839. | Anderson, Jurel, et al., 1973 | He, Celite 545 (44-60 mesh); Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-20M | 210. | 1833.9 | Still, Evans, et al., 1972 | Chromosorb G; Column length: 3. m |
Packed | PEG-20M | 210. | 1836.1 | Still, Evans, et al., 1972 | Chromosorb G; Column length: 3. m |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | OV-1 | 1042.1 | Gautzsch and Zinn, 1996 | 8. K/min; Tstart: 35. C; Tend: 300. C |
Packed | SE-30 | 1068. | Peng, Ding, et al., 1988 | He, Supelcoport and Chromosorb, 40. C @ 4. min, 10. K/min, 250. C @ 60. min; Column length: 3.05 m |
Capillary | DB-5 | 1073. | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | 5 % Phenyl methyl siloxane | 1068. | Yasuhara, Shiraishi, et al., 1997 | 25. m/0.31 mm/0.52 μm, He; Program: 50C(2min) => (20C/min) => 120C => (7C/min) => 310C(10min) |
Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | SE-30 | 1056.5 | Bur'yan and Nabivach, 1992 | 1.7 K/min; Tstart: 82. C; Tend: 177. C |
Capillary | Ultra-1 | 1037. | Okumura, 1991 | 25. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; Tstart: 80. C; Tend: 260. C |
Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-Wax | 1822. | Peng, Yang, et al., 1991 | Program: not specified |
Lee's RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp
Column type | Active phase | I | Reference | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Capillary | DB-5 | 176.89 | Rostad and Pereira, 1986 | 30. m/0.26 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 4. min, 6. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min |
References
Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Condensed phase thermochemistry data, Phase change data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, IR Spectrum, Mass spectrum (electron ionization), UV/Visible spectrum, Gas Chromatography, Notes
Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.
Draeger, 1984
Draeger, J.A.,
Chemical-thermodynamic properties of molecules that undergo inversion. II. The methylanilines,
J. Chem. Thermodyn., 1984, 16, 1067-1073. [all data]
Pushin, 1954
Pushin, N.A.,
Heats of combustion and heats of formation of isomeric organic compounds,
Bull. Soc. Chim. Belgrade, 1954, 19, 531-547. [all data]
Swarts, 1909
Swarts, M.F.,
Sur la chaleur de formation de l'aniline et de quelquesuns de ses derives,
Recl. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas, 1909, 28, 155-165. [all data]
Meva'a and Lichanot, 1990
Meva'a, L.M.; Lichanot, A.,
Proprietes thermodynamiques en phase condensee des ortho, meta et para fluorotoluene, cresol et toluidine,
Thermochim. Acta, 1990, 158, 335-345. [all data]
Campbell and Campbell, 1940
Campbell, A.N.; Campbell, A.J.R.,
The heats of solution, heats of formation,
specific heats and equilibrium diagrams of certain molecular compounds. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1940, 62, 291-297. [all data]
Glaser and Ruland, 1957
Glaser, F.; Ruland, H.,
Untersuchungsen über dampfdruckkurven und kritische daten einiger technisch wichtiger organischer substanzen,
Chem. Ing. Techn., 1957, 29, 772. [all data]
Emel'yanenk and Verevkin, 2005
Emel'yanenk, Vladimir N.; Verevkin, Sergey P.,
Enthalpies of Formation and Substituent Effects of o rtho -, m eta- , and p ara -Aminotoluenes from Thermochemical Measurements and from Ab Initio Calculations,
J. Phys. Chem. A, 2005, 109, 17, 3960-3966, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp045450i
. [all data]
Glaser and Rüland, 1957
Glaser, Fritz; Rüland, Heinz,
Untersuchungen über Dampfdruckkurven und kritische Daten einiger technisch wichtiger organischer Substanzen,
Chemie Ing. Techn., 1957, 29, 12, 772-775, https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.330291204
. [all data]
Berliner and May, 1927
Berliner, J.F.T.; May, Orville E.,
STUDIES IN VAPOR PRESSURE. III. THE TOLUIDINES,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1927, 49, 4, 1007-1011, https://doi.org/10.1021/ja01403a017
. [all data]
Chao, Gadalla, et al., 1990
Chao, J.; Gadalla, N.A.M.; Gammon, B.E.; Marsh, K.N.; Rodgers, A.S.; Somayajulu, G.R.; Wilhoit, R.C.,
Thermodynamic and Thermophysical Properties of Organic Nitrogen Compounds. Part I. Methanamine, Ethanamine, 1- and 2-Propanamine, Benzenamine, 2-, 3-, and 4-Methylbenzenamine,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1990, 19, 6, 1547, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555849
. [all data]
Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw,
Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2
. [all data]
Stull, 1947
Stull, Daniel R.,
Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances. Organic and Inorganic Compounds,
Ind. Eng. Chem., 1947, 39, 4, 517-540, https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50448a022
. [all data]
Censký, Lipovská, et al., 2001
Censký, M.; Lipovská, M.; Schmidt, H.-G.; Ruzicka, V.; Wolf, G.,
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2001, 63, 3, 879-899, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010125128496
. [all data]
Acree, 1991
Acree, William E.,
Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds: enthalpy of fusion and melting point temperature compilation,
Thermochimica Acta, 1991, 189, 1, 37-56, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(91)87098-H
. [all data]
Rastogi, Nigam, et al., 1963
Rastogi, R.P.; Nigam, R.K.; Sharma, R.N.; Girdhar, H.L.,
Entropy of Fusion of Molecular Complexes,
J. Chem. Phys., 1963, 39, 11, 3042, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1734140
. [all data]
Eykman, 1889
Eykman, J.F.,
Z. Phys. Chem., Stoechiom. Verwandtschaftsl., 1889, 4, 497. [all data]
Eykman, 1889, 2
Eykman, J.F.,
Zur kryoskopischen Molekulargewichtsbestimmung,
Z. Physik. Chem., 1889, 4, 497-519. [all data]
Bartmess, Scott, et al., 1979
Bartmess, J.E.; Scott, J.A.; McIver, R.T., Jr.,
The gas phase acidity scale from methanol to phenol,
J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1979, 101, 6047. [all data]
Kiselev, Khuzyasheva, et al., 1979
Kiselev, V.D.; Khuzyasheva, d.G.; Konovalov, A.I.,
Thermochemical study of the acylation of para-substituted anilines,
J. Gen. Chem. USSR, 1979, 49, 2273-2276. [all data]
Chimishkyan, Svetlova, et al., 1984
Chimishkyan, A.L.; Svetlova, L.P.; Leonova, T.V.; Gluyaev, N.D.,
Thermal decomposition of substituted ureas,
J. Gen. Chem. USSR, 1984, 54, 1317-1320. [all data]
Kachurin, Matvienko, et al., 1980
Kachurin, O.I.; Matvienko, N.M.; Chekhuta, V.G.,
N-Methylated p-toluidines,
Russ. Chem. Rev., 1980, 46, 64-67. [all data]
Hunter and Lias, 1998
Hunter, E.P.; Lias, S.G.,
Evaluated Gas Phase Basicities and Proton Affinities of Molecules: An Update,
J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1998, 27, 3, 413-656, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.556018
. [all data]
Cowling and Johnstone, 1973
Cowling, S.A.; Johnstone, R.A.W.,
Photoelectron spectroscopy: The effects of steric inhibition to resonance in anilines,
J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 1973, 2, 161. [all data]
Potapov and Iskakov, 1971
Potapov, V.K.; Iskakov, L.I.,
Electronic structure and photoionization of aromatic amines,
High Energy Chem., 1971, 5, 237, In original 264. [all data]
Farrell and Newton, 1966
Farrell, P.G.; Newton, J.,
Ionization potentials of primary aromatic amines and aza-hydrocarbons,
Tetrahedron Lett., 1966, 5517. [all data]
Eland, Shepherd, et al., 1966
Eland, J.H.D.; Shepherd, P.J.; Danby, C.J.,
Ionization potentials of aromatic molecules determined by analytical interpretation of electron impact data,
Z. Naturforsch., 1966, 21a, 1580. [all data]
Kinoshita, 1962
Kinoshita, M.,
The absorption spectra of the molecular complexes of aromatic compounds with p-bromanil,
Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 1962, 35, 1609. [all data]
Briegleb and Czekalla, 1959
Briegleb, G.; Czekalla, J.,
Die Bestimmung von lonisierungsenergien aus den Spektren von Elektronenubergangskomplexen,
Z.Elektrochem., 1959, 63, 6. [all data]
Palmer, Moyes, et al., 1979
Palmer, M.H.; Moyes, W.; Spiers, M.; Ridyard, J.N.A.,
The electronic structure of substituted benzenes; a study of aniline, the toluidines, phenylenediamines and fluoroanilines by photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations,
J. Mol. Struct., 1979, 53, 235. [all data]
Szepes, Distefano, et al., 1974
Szepes, L.; Distefano, G.; Pignataro, S.,
Steric inhibition of resonance in acetanilides by UV photoelectron spectroscopy,
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Notes
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- Symbols used in this document:
AE Appearance energy Cp,solid Constant pressure heat capacity of solid Pc Critical pressure Tboil Boiling point Tc Critical temperature Tfus Fusion (melting) point ΔcH°liquid Enthalpy of combustion of liquid at standard conditions ΔfH°gas Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions ΔfH°liquid Enthalpy of formation of liquid at standard conditions ΔfusH Enthalpy of fusion ΔfusS Entropy of fusion ΔrG° Free energy of reaction at standard conditions ΔrH° Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions ΔsubH° Enthalpy of sublimation at standard conditions ΔvapH Enthalpy of vaporization ΔvapH° Enthalpy of vaporization at standard conditions - Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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