Benzenepropanal

Formula: C₉H₁₀O
Molecular weight: 134.1751
IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/C9H10O/c10-8-4-7-9-5-2-1-3-6-9/h1-3,5-6,8H,4,7H2
IUPAC Standard InChIKey: YGCZTXZTJXYWCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS Registry Number: 104-53-0
Chemical structure:
This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
The 3d structure may be viewed using Java or Javascript.
Species with the same structure:
- 3-Phenylpropanal
Other names: Hydrocinnamaldehyde; β-Phenylpropionaldehyde; Benzylacetaldehyde; Dihydrocinnamaldehyde; Hydrocinnamic aldehyde; 3-Phenyl-1-propanal; 3-Phenylpropanal; 3-Phenylpropionaldehyde; 3-Phenylpropylaldehyde; Propionaidehyde, 3-phenyl-; 3-Phenylpropan-1-al; NSC 9271; phenyl propionaldehyde
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Phase change data

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Data compiled as indicated in comments:
BS - Robert L. Brown and Stephen E. Stein
AC - William E. Acree, Jr., James S. Chickos

Reduced pressure boiling point

T_boil (K)	Pressure (bar)	Reference	Comment
370.7	0.016	Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990	BS
377.7	0.017	Weast and Grasselli, 1989	BS

Enthalpy of vaporization

Δ_vapH (kJ/mol)	Temperature (K)	Method	Reference	Comment
67.5	345.	A	Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987	Based on data from 330. to 363. K.; AC

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compiled by: Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

View reactions leading to C₉H₁₀O⁺ (ion structure unspecified)

Appearance energy determinations

Ion	AE (eV)	Other Products	Method	Reference	Comment
C₈H₁₀⁺	9.7 ± 0.2	CO	EI	Occolowitz, 1967

Gas Chromatography

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Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SE-30	100.	1132.0	Tudor, 1997	40. m/0.35 mm/0.35 μm
Packed	Apiezon L	130.	1146.	Wehrli and Kováts, 1959	Celite; Column length: 2.25 m

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	DB-5	1162.	Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002	60. m/0.32 mm/1. μm, He, 40. C @ 5. min, 3. K/min, 230. C @ 2. min
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1128.	Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2000	30. m/0.32 mm/0.25 μm, He, 60. C @ 2. min, 2. K/min, 225. C @ 5. min

Kovats' RI, polar column, isothermal

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Column type	Active phase	Temperature (C)	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	150.	1809.	Tudor, Moldovan, et al., 1999	Phase thickness: 0.45 μm

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-1	1123.	Nath, Baruah, et al., 2006	25. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 60. C @ 3. min, 5. K/min, 300. C @ 30. min

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	SE-52	1162.	Mondello, Dugo, et al., 1995	60. m/0.32 mm/0.40 μm, He; Program: 45 C (6 min) 3 C/min -> 111 0C 2 C/min -> 160 C 3 C/min -> 300 C (15 min)

Van Den Dool and Kratz RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-Innowax	1793.	Adamiec, Rossner, et al., 2001	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, N2, 5. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1745.	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2000	60. m/0.53 mm/1.0 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 50. C; T_end: 220. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1745.	Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1998	He, 3. K/min; Column length: 60. m; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; T_start: 65. C; T_end: 225. C
Capillary	DB-Wax	1783.	Möllenbeck, König, et al., 1997	25. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 3. min, 4. K/min; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1761.	Mondello, Dugo, et al., 1995	60. m/0.32 mm/0.425 μm, He, 45. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 300. C @ 20. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-1	1123.	Breme, Langle, et al., 2008	50. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	HP-1	1133.	Breme, Langle, et al., 2008	50. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium, 2. K/min, 250. C @ 20. min; T_start: 60. C
Capillary	DB-5MS	1163.	Cheng, Liu, et al., 2008	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 50. C @ 5. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	ZB-5	1178.	Dötterl and Jürgens, 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 7. min, 6. K/min, 250. C @ 1. min
Capillary	ZB-5	1178.	Dötterl, Wolfe, et al., 2005	60. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 40. C @ 7. min, 6. K/min, 250. C @ 1. min
Capillary	HP-1	1122.	Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005	50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 60. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C
Capillary	DB-5	1160.	da Silva, Luz, et al., 2003	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He, 3. K/min; T_start: 60. C; T_end: 240. C
Capillary	SPB-1	1132.	Wong and Lai, 1996	50. m/0.2 mm/0.33 μm, He, 40. C @ 3. min, 3. K/min, 200. C @ 30. min

Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	HP-1	1132.	Breme, Langle, et al., 2008	50. m/0.20 mm/0.33 μm, Helium; Program: not specified
Capillary	SE-52	1180.	Tognolini, Barocelli, et al., 2006	30. m/0.32 mm/0.15 μm, He; Program: 45C => 1C/min => 100C => 5C/min => 250C (10min)
Capillary	DB-5MS	1160.	Maia, Andrade, et al., 2004	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 40C => 2C/min => 60C => 4C/min => 260C
Capillary	SE-30	1139.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified
Capillary	Methyl Silicone	1146.	N/A	Program: not specified
Capillary	DB-1	1109.	Baratta, Dorman, et al., 1998	30. m/0.25 mm/0.25 μm, He; Program: 45C => 3C/min => 175C => 15C/min => 240C (10min)
Capillary	Polydimethyl siloxanes	1128.	Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996	Program: not specified

Normal alkane RI, polar column, temperature ramp

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1723.	Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005	50. m/0.2 mm/0.25 μm, 60. C @ 60. min, 2. K/min; T_end: 250. C

Normal alkane RI, polar column, custom temperature program

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Column type	Active phase	I	Reference	Comment
Capillary	Carbowax 20M	1783.	Vinogradov, 2004	Program: not specified

References

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., 1990
Aldrich Chemical Company Inc., Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals, Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc., Milwaukee WI, 1990, 1. [all data]

Weast and Grasselli, 1989
CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds, 2nd Editon, Weast,R.C and Grasselli, J.G., ed(s)., CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1989, 1. [all data]

Stephenson and Malanowski, 1987
Stephenson, Richard M.; Malanowski, Stanislaw, Handbook of the Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3173-2 . [all data]

Occolowitz, 1967
Occolowitz, J.L., Charge localization and the electronimpact fragmentation of carbonyl compounds, Australian J. Chem., 1967, 20, 2387. [all data]

Tudor, 1997
Tudor, E., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on a SE-30 glass capillary column. I. Linear equations, J. Chromatogr. A, 1997, 779, 1-2, 287-297, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9673(97)00453-6 . [all data]

Wehrli and Kováts, 1959
Wehrli, A.; Kováts, E., Gas-chromatographische Charakterisierung ogranischer Verbindungen. Teil 3: Berechnung der Retentionsindices aliphatischer, alicyclischer und aromatischer Verbindungen, Helv. Chim. Acta, 1959, 7, 7, 2709-2736, https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19590420745 . [all data]

Buchin, Salmon, et al., 2002
Buchin, S.; Salmon, J.-C.; Carnat, A.-P.; Berger, T.; Bugaud, C.; Bosset, J.O., Identification de composés monoterpéniques, sesquiterpéniques et benzéniques dans un lait d'alpage très riche en ces substances, Mitt. Lebensmittelunters. Hyg., 2002, 93, 199-216. [all data]

Jayaprakasha, Rao, et al., 2000
Jayaprakasha, G.K.; Rao, L.J.M.; Sakariah, K.K., Chemical composition of the flower oil of Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2000, 48, 9, 4294-4295, https://doi.org/10.1021/jf991395c . [all data]

Tudor, Moldovan, et al., 1999
Tudor, E.; Moldovan, D.; Zârna, N., Temperature dependence of the retention index for perfumery compounds on two carbowax-20M glass capillary columns with different film thickness. 2, Rev. Roum. Chim., 1999, 44, 7, 665-675. [all data]

Nath, Baruah, et al., 2006
Nath, S.C.; Baruah, A.; Kanjilal, P.B., Chemical composition of the leaf essential oil of Cinnamomum pauciflorum Nees, Flavour Fragr. J., 2006, 21, 3, 531-533, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1688 . [all data]

Mondello, Dugo, et al., 1995
Mondello, L.; Dugo, P.; Basile, A.; Dugo, G., Interactive use of linear retention indices, on polar and apolar columns, with a MS-library for reliable identification of complex mixtures, J. Microcolumn Sep., 1995, 7, 6, 581-591, https://doi.org/10.1002/mcs.1220070605 . [all data]

Adamiec, Rossner, et al., 2001
Adamiec, J.; Rossner, J.; Velisek, J.; Cejpek, K.; Savel, J., Minor Strecker degradation products of phenylalanine and phenylglycine, Eur. Food Res. Technol., 2001, 212, 2, 135-140, https://doi.org/10.1007/s002170000234 . [all data]

Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 2000
Brophy, J.; Goldsack, R.J.; Bean, A.R.; Forster, P.I.; Lepschi, B.J., Leaf essential oils of the genus Leptospermum (Myrtaceae) in eastern Australia. Part 6. Leptospermum polygalifolium and allies, Flavour Fragr. J., 2000, 15, 4, 271-277, https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-1026(200007/08)15:4<271::AID-FFJ910>3.0.CO;2-E . [all data]

Brophy, Goldsack, et al., 1998
Brophy, J.J.; Goldsack, R.J.; Forster, P.I.; Bean, A.R.; Clarkson, J.R.; Lepschi, B.J., Leaf essential oils of the genus Leptospermum (Myrtaceae) in Eastern Australia. Part 1. Leptospermum brachyandrum and Leptospermum pallidum groups, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 1, 19-25, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199801/02)13:1<19::AID-FFJ679>3.0.CO;2-9 . [all data]

Möllenbeck, König, et al., 1997
Möllenbeck, S.; König, T.; Schreier, P.; Schwab, W.; Rajaonarivony, J.; Ranarivelo, L., Chemical composition and analyses of enantiomers of essential oils from Madagascar, Flavour Fragr. J., 1997, 12, 2, 63-69, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199703)12:2<63::AID-FFJ614>3.0.CO;2-Z . [all data]

Breme, Langle, et al., 2008
Breme, K.; Langle, S.; Fernandez, X.; Meierhenrich, U.J.; Brevard, H.; Joulain, D., Character impact odorants from Brassicaceae by aroma extracts dilution analysis (AEDA): Brassica cretica and Brassica insularis, Flavour Fragr. J., 2008, 24, 2, 88-93, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1912 . [all data]

Cheng, Liu, et al., 2008
Cheng, S.-S.; Liu, J.-Y.; Lin, C.-Y.; Hsui, Y.-R.; Lu, M.-C.; Wu, W.-J.; Chang, S.-T., Terminating red imported fire ants using Cinnamomum osmophloeum leaf essential oil, Bioresour. Technol., 2008, 99, 4, 889-893, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.039 . [all data]

Dötterl and Jürgens, 2005
Dötterl, S.; Jürgens, A., Spatial fragrance patterns in flowers of Silene latifolia: Lilac compounds as olfactory nectar guides?, Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2005, 255, 1-2, 99-109, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-005-0344-2 . [all data]

Dötterl, Wolfe, et al., 2005
Dötterl, S.; Wolfe, L.M.; Jürgens, A., Qualitative and quantitative analyses of flower scent in Silene latifolia, Phytochemistry, 2005, 66, 2, 203-213, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.12.002 . [all data]

Fernandez, Lizzani-Cuvelier, et al., 2005
Fernandez, X.; Lizzani-Cuvelier, L.; Loiseau, A.-M.; Perichet, C.; Delbecque, C.; Arnaudo, J.-F., Chemical composition of the essential oils from Turkish and Honduras Styrax, Flavour Fragr. J., 2005, 20, 1, 70-73, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1370 . [all data]

da Silva, Luz, et al., 2003
da Silva, J.D.; Luz, A.I.R.; da Silva, M.H.L.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Soghbi, M.G.B.; Maia, J.G.S., Essential oils of the leaves and stems of four Psidium spp., Flavour Fragr. J., 2003, 18, 3, 240-243, https://doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1219 . [all data]

Wong and Lai, 1996
Wong, K.C.; Lai, F.Y., Volatile constituents from the fruits of four Syzygium species grown in Malaysia, Flavour Fragr. J., 1996, 11, 1, 61-66, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(199601)11:1<61::AID-FFJ539>3.0.CO;2-1 . [all data]

Tognolini, Barocelli, et al., 2006
Tognolini, M.; Barocelli, E.; Ballabeni, V.; Bruni, R.; Bianchi, A.; Chiavarini, M.; Impicciatore, M., Comparative screening of plant essential oils: Phenylpropanoid moiety as basic core for antiplatelet activity, Life Sciences, 2006, 78, 13, 1419-1432, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2005.07.020 . [all data]

Maia, Andrade, et al., 2004
Maia, J.G.S.; Andrade, E.H.A.; Zoghbi, M.G.B., Aroma volatiles from two fruit varieties of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), Food Chem., 2004, 85, 2, 195-197, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-8146(03)00292-9 . [all data]

Vinogradov, 2004
Vinogradov, B.A., Production, composition, properties and application of essential oils, 2004, retrieved from http://viness.narod.ru. [all data]

Baratta, Dorman, et al., 1998
Baratta, M.T.; Dorman, H.J.; Deans, S.G.; Figueiredo, A.C.; Barroso, J.G.; Ruberto, G., Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of some commercial essential oils, Flavour Fragr. J., 1998, 13, 4, 235-244, https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1026(1998070)13:4<235::AID-FFJ733>3.0.CO;2-T . [all data]

Zenkevich and Chupalov, 1996
Zenkevich, I.G.; Chupalov, A.A., New Possibilities of Chromato Mass Pectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds Using Increments of Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of Molecular Structural Fragments, Zh. Org. Khim. (Rus.), 1996, 32, 5, 656-666. [all data]

Notes

Go To: Top, Phase change data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Gas Chromatography, References

Symbols used in this document:

AE Appearance energy

T_boil Boiling point

Δ_vapH Enthalpy of vaporization
Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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AE	Appearance energy
T_boil	Boiling point
Δ_vapH	Enthalpy of vaporization