Silicon tetrachloride

• Formula: Cl₄Si
• Molecular weight: 169.898
• IUPAC Standard InChI: InChI=1S/Cl4Si/c1-5(2,3)4 Copy

  
• IUPAC Standard InChIKey: FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy
• CAS Registry Number: 10026-04-7
• Chemical structure:
  This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file or as a computed 3d SD file
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• Other names: Silane, tetrachloro-; Silicon chloride (SiCl4); Tetrachlorosilane; Tetrachlorosilicon; SiCl4; Silicon chloride; Silicon(IV) chloride; Chlorid kremicity; Extrema; Silicio(tetracloruro di); Siliciumtetrachlorid; Siliciumtetrachloride; Silicium(tetrachlorure de); Tetrachlorure de silicium; UN 1818; SIC-L(TM)
• Permanent link for this species. Use this link for bookmarking this species for future reference.
• Information on this page:
  • Gas phase thermochemistry data
  • Reaction thermochemistry data
  • Gas phase ion energetics data
  • Ion clustering data
  • Gas Chromatography
  • References
  • Notes
• Other data available:
  • Phase change data
  • IR Spectrum
  • Mass spectrum (electron ionization)
  • Vibrational and/or electronic energy levels
• Data at other public NIST sites:
  • Computational Chemistry Comparison and Benchmark Database
  • Gas Phase Kinetics Database
• Options:
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Gas phase thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Gas Phase Heat Capacity (Shomate Equation)

C_p° = A + B*t + C*t² + D*t³ + E/t²
H° − H°_298.15= A*t + B*t²/2 + C*t³/3 + D*t⁴/4 − E/t + F − H
S° = A*ln(t) + B*t + C*t²/2 + D*t³/3 − E/(2*t²) + G
    C_p = heat capacity (cal/mol*K)
    H° = standard enthalpy (kcal/mol)
    S° = standard entropy (cal/mol*K)
    t = temperature (K) / 1000.

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Reaction thermochemistry data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. A general reaction search form is also available. Future versions of this site may rely on reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reaction displays seen below.

Individual Reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + Cl₄Si = (Cl^- • Cl₄Si)

Gas phase ion energetics data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data evaluated as indicated in comments:
L - Sharon G. Lias

Data compiled as indicated in comments:
LLK - Sharon G. Lias, Rhoda D. Levin, and Sherif A. Kafafi
RDSH - Henry M. Rosenstock, Keith Draxl, Bruce W. Steiner, and John T. Herron

Ionization energy determinations

Appearance energy determinations

Ion clustering data

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: John E. Bartmess

Note: Please consider using the reaction search for this species. This page allows searching of all reactions involving this species. Searches may be limited to ion clustering reactions. A general reaction search form is also available.

Clustering reactions

 +  = ( • )

By formula: Cl^- + Cl₄Si = (Cl^- • Cl₄Si)

Gas Chromatography

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Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Data compiled by: NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center, William E. Wallace, director

Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal

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Normal alkane RI, non-polar column, custom temperature program

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References

Go To: Top, Gas phase thermochemistry data, Reaction thermochemistry data, Gas phase ion energetics data, Ion clustering data, Gas Chromatography, Notes

Data compilation copyright by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A. All rights reserved.

Chase, 1998
Chase, M.W., Jr., NIST-JANAF Themochemical Tables, Fourth Edition, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Monograph 9, 1998, 1-1951. [all data]

Hao, Kaspar, et al., 2005
Hao, C.T.; Kaspar, J.D.; Check, C.E.; Lobring, K.C.; Gilbert, T.M.; Sunderlin, L.S., Effect of substituents on the strength of A-Cl- (A = Si, Ge, and Sn) bonds in hypervalent systems: ACl(5)(-), ACl(4)F(-), and A(CH3)(3)Cl-2(-), J. Phys. Chem. A, 2005, 109, 9, 2026-2034, https://doi.org/10.1021/jp040743x . [all data]

Larson and McMahon, 1985
Larson, J.W.; McMahon, T.B., Fluoride and chloride affinities of the main group oxides, fluorides, oxofluorides, and alkyls. Quantitative scales of lewis acidities from ICR halide exchange equilibria, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1985, 107, 766. [all data]

Potzinger, Ritter, et al., 1975
Potzinger, P.; Ritter, A.; Krause, J., Massenspektrometrische Bestimmung von Bindungsenergien in siliciumorganischen Verbindungen, Z. Naturforsch. A:, 1975, 30, 347. [all data]

Bassett and Lloyd, 1971
Bassett, P.J.; Lloyd, D.R., Photoelectron spectra of halides. Part I. Tetrafluorides and tetrachlorides of group IVB, J. Chem. Soc., 1971, (A), 641. [all data]

Frost, Herring, et al., 1971
Frost, D.C.; Herring, F.G.; Katrib, A.; McLean, R.A.N.; Drake, J.E.; Westwood, N.P.C., (p→>d)π Bonding in halosilanes; evidence from photoelectron spectroscopy, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1971, 10, 347. [all data]

Ihle, Wu, et al., 1978
Ihle, H.R.; Wu, C.H.; Miletic, M.; Zmbov, K.F., Mass spectrometric studies of gas species in the systems Si-Cl and Si-Li, Adv. Mass Spectrom., 1978, 7, 670. [all data]

Steele, Nichols, et al., 1962
Steele, W.C.; Nichols, L.D.; Stone, F.G.A., The determination of silicon-carbon and silicon-hydrogen bond dissociation energies by electron impact, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1962, 84, 4441. [all data]

Kreshkov, Kirichenko, et al., 1975
Kreshkov, A.P.; Kirichenko, É.A.; Markov, B.A., Retention indices of alkoxychlorosilanes, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1975, 30, 2, 286-289. [all data]

Ainshtein and Shulyatieva, 1972
Ainshtein, A.A.; Shulyatieva, T.I., Retention indices of alkyl- and arylchlorosilanes, Zh. Anal. Khim., 1972, 27, 816-821. [all data]

Garzó, Fekete, et al., 1967
Garzó, G.; Fekete, J.; Blazsó, M., Determination of the gas chromatographic retention indices of various organometallic compounds, Acta Chim. Acad. Sci. Hung., 1967, 51, 4, 359-369. [all data]

Yu and Yang, 2005
Yu, X.; Yang, D., Predicting the Kovats retention index for alkoxyl silicon chlorides and sulfides on stationary phases of different polarity, Fenxi Huaxue, 2005, 33, 1, 101-105. [all data]

Notes

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• Symbols used in this document:
  

  AE	Appearance energy
  IE (evaluated)	Recommended ionization energy
  S°gas,1 bar	Entropy of gas at standard conditions (1 bar)
  ΔfH°gas	Enthalpy of formation of gas at standard conditions
  ΔrG°	Free energy of reaction at standard conditions
  ΔrH°	Enthalpy of reaction at standard conditions

• Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69: NIST Chemistry WebBook
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